Klondike Highway

Last updated
Alaska 98 shield.svg Yukon Highway 2.svg
Klondike Highway
Alaska Route 98
Yukon Highway 2
Klondike Highway
Klondike Highway highlighted in red
Route information
Maintained by Alaska DOT&PF, Yukon DOH&PW
Length440.2 mi [1]  (708.4 km)
AK-98: 14.4 mi (23.2 km)
YT-2: 685.4 km (425.9 mi)
Component
highways
Alaska Route 98 in Alaska and Yukon Highway 2 in both British Columbia and Yukon
Major junctions
South endBroadway in Skagway, AK
Major intersectionsYukon Highway 8.svg Hwy 8 in Carcross, YT
Yukon Highway 1.svg Hwy 1 (Alaska Highway) in Carcross Cutoff, YT and Whitehorse, YT
Yukon Highway 4.svg Hwy 4 in Carmacks, YT
Yukon Highway 11.svg Hwy 11 in Stewart Crossing, YT
Yukon Highway 5.svg Hwy 5 in near Dawson City, YT
North endYukon Highway 9.svg To Hwy 9 at the Dawson City Ferry Landing in Dawson City, YT
Highway system
US 97.svg US 97 Alaska 98 shield.svg Alaska 1 shield.svg AK-1
Yukon Highway 1.svg Hwy 1 Yukon Highway 2.svg Yukon Highway 3.svg Hwy 3
Klondike Highway near Five Finger Rapids (Yukon River) Klondike Highway near Five Finger Rapids.JPG
Klondike Highway near Five Finger Rapids (Yukon River)
Fireweed is prominent in various locations on the Klondike Highway (this is in the vicinity of Summit Lake and Bernard Lake in British Columbia). Fireweed on the Klondike Highway, British Columbia 7.jpg
Fireweed is prominent in various locations on the Klondike Highway (this is in the vicinity of Summit Lake and Bernard Lake in British Columbia).
Five Finger Rapids seen from Klondike Highway Five Finger Rapids.jpg
Five Finger Rapids seen from Klondike Highway
The bridge across the Yukon River at Carmacks Carmacs-bridge across Yukon River.JPG
The bridge across the Yukon River at Carmacks
Store at the service station in Stewart Crossing Stewart crossing gas station store.jpg
Store at the service station in Stewart Crossing

The Klondike Highway is a highway that runs from the Alaska Panhandle through the province of British Columbia and the territory of Yukon in Canada, linking the coastal town of Skagway, Alaska, to Dawson City, Yukon. Its route somewhat parallels the route used by prospectors in the 1898 Klondike Gold Rush.

Contents

In both British Columbia and Yukon, the highway is marked as Yukon Highway 2. In Alaska, the Highway is marked as Alaska Route 98 (as in "route of 1898"). [2] Until 1978, the unopened section between the Yukon–BC border and Carcross had no official highway number, while the section north of Carcross to the Alaska Highway was Highway 5, and the section from Stewart Crossing to Dawson was Highway 3. The BC section is now maintained by the Yukon government as a natural extension of Highway 2.

Route description

The Klondike Highway winds in the state of Alaska for 24 km (15 miles), up through the White Pass in the Coast Mountains where it crosses the Canada–US border to British Columbia (BC) for 56 km (35 miles), then enters Yukon where it reaches the Alaska Highway near Whitehorse and shares a short section with that highway until north of Whitehorse, where it diverges once more to Dawson City. The highway is 709 km (441 miles) long.

History

South Klondike Highway

The original 53 km (33 mi) section known locally as the Carcross Road was actually made into a part of the Alaska Highway in 1942, until the Marsh Lake route was opened the next year. As Yukon Highway 5, it formed a loop road with Highway 6, the Tagish Road (now numbered as 8). It was renumbered as Highway 2 in 1978, being incorporated into the Klondike Highway designation. The road underwent alignment improvements during the 1980s. Residents living as far south as 25 km (16 miles) from the Alaska Highway still give their residential addresses as historic mile measurements that start at zero at the Alaska Highway, even though the distances are no longer accurate, and kilometre posts count distance from Skagway's ferry terminal.

Construction of the "Carcross-Skagway Road" began in the 1950s, was abandoned partway up a mountain from Skagway, and resumed in 1976-1977 when the Captain William Moore Bridge was constructed. The entire road was completed between Skagway and Carcross in August 1978. It was only open for a few weeks before seasonal closure. The first full summer season of use was in 1979.

The highway originally was built for tourist traffic, but in 1986 became important as a commercial transportation route, coincident with what seemed to be inevitable abandonment of the White Pass and Yukon Route railway (WP&YR). The new owners of the Faro mine secured government agreement to open the highway for trucking. The last winter closure ended in the spring of 1986.

The Carcross-Skagway Road portion of the highway underwent substantial rerouting, widening and (cold mix) paving in the late 1980s and early 1990s. Mining ore trucks and fuel tankers are the primary current (2013) commercial users of the highway, which also remains a popular tourist route (cars, RVs, buses), and provides a means for the WP&YR to offer economically-priced train excursions connecting at Fraser to buses based at Skagway for the cruise ship industry, or to/from Carcross and Whitehorse to the north.

North Klondike Highway

The quality of roads from Whitehorse to Dawson City prior to 1950 was poor and only for the hardiest of travelers and motorized vehicles. The "Whitehorse-Mayo Road," Yukon's original Highway 2, extended along today's route from Whitehorse to Stewart Crossing, then turned northeast to Mayo, Elsa and Keno City. The last of three bridges was finished in 1960 to replace ferries at Carmacks, Pelly Crossing and Stewart Crossing.

Yukon's original Highway 3, the Dawson-Mayo Road, was opened in September 1955 between Stewart Crossing and Dawson City. The Dawson-Mayo Road became part of Highway 2 in 1978 and was named the Klondike Highway, while the road northeast from Stewart Crossing became Highway 11, and was later named the Silver Trail.

Even as of 1979, the entire Klondike Highway was gravel, but by 1982, some paving had been laid down as far north as Carmacks. Rebuilding and some rerouting was completed in the late 1980s.

Approximately, the first 30 km (19 mi) of the North Klondike Highway are still often known as the Mayo Road to the residents of Whitehorse. Although kilometric distance markers have been in place since the early 1980s, residents in this area still identify their residential address as a mile measurement along the Mayo Road.

Major intersections

State / Province / TerritoryLocationkm [1] miDestinationsNotes
Alaska Skagway 0.00.0Ferry Sign.svg First Street  Skagway Ferry Terminal Alaska Marine Highway; AK-98 southern terminus
Canada–United States border 23.114.4 Skagway - Fraser Border Crossing
Alaska 98 shield.svg AK-98 northern terminus • Yukon Highway 2.svg Hwy 2 southern terminus
White Pass 874 m (2,867 ft)
British Columbia
No major junctions
Yukon 79.849.6British Columbia – Yukon border
Carcross 106.065.9Yukon Highway 8.svg Hwy 8 east (Tagish Road) Tagish, Alaska Highway, Atlin
Carcross Cutoff 157.297.7Yukon Highway 1.svg Hwy 1 east (Alaska Highway) Teslin, Watson Lake South end of Hwy 1 (Alaska Highway) concurrency
Whitehorse 172.0106.9Robert Service Way (South Access Road)
177.8110.5Hamilton Boulevard, Two Mile Hill Road
189.5117.7Yukon Highway 1.svg Hwy 1 west (Alaska Highway) Haines Junction North end of Hwy 1 (Alaska Highway) concurrency
Carmacks 355.4220.8Yukon Highway 4.svg Hwy 4 east (Robert Campbell Highway) Faro, Ross River
Stewart Crossing 534.0331.8Yukon Highway 11.svg Hwy 11 east (Silver Trail) Mayo, Keno City
667.7414.9Yukon Highway 5.svg Hwy 5 north (Dempster Highway) Fort McPherson, Inuvik
Dawson City 708.5440.2Yukon Highway 9.svgOntario M508.svg To Hwy 9 (Top of the World Highway) / Dawson City Ferry TerminalFerry across the Yukon River to Hwy 9; Hwy 2 northern terminus
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi

See also

Related Research Articles

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White Pass and Yukon Route

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Robert Campbell Highway

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History of Yukon

The history of Yukon covers the period from the arrival of Paleo-Indians through the Beringia land bridge approximately 20,000 years ago. In the 18th century, Russian explorers began to trade with the First Nations people along the Alaskan coast, and later established trade networks extending into Yukon. By the 19th century, traders from the Hudson's Bay Company were also active in the region. The region was administered as a part of the North-Western Territory until 1870, when the United Kingdom transferred the territory to Canada and it became the North-West Territories.

Arterial roads in Whitehorse, Yukon include:

Steamboats of the Yukon River

Steamboats on the Yukon River played a role in the development of Alaska and Yukon. Access to the interior of Alaska and Yukon was hindered by large mountains and distance, but the wide Yukon River provided a feasible route. The first steamers on the lower Yukon River were work boats for the Collins Overland Telegraph in 1866 or 1867, with a small steamer called Wilder. The mouth of the Yukon River is far to the west at St. Michael and a journey from Seattle or San Francisco covered some 4,000 miles (6,400 km).

Walter Muma is a Canadian man who is on record for completing a 3-month 11,500-mile (18,660 km) journey across Canada and Alaska by moped. The journey took place during the summer of 1978, began in Toronto, passed through Yukon and Alaska, continued up the Dempster Highway to Inuvik, Northwest Territories, and finally back to Toronto.

SS <i>Keno</i>

The SS Keno is a preserved historic sternwheel paddle steamer and National Historic Site of Canada. The SS Keno is berthed in a dry dock on the waterfront of the Yukon River in Dawson City, Yukon, Canada.

References

  1. 1 2 Google (January 10, 2018). "Klondike Highway in AK, BC, and YK" (Map). Google Maps . Google. Retrieved January 10, 2018.
  2. An illustrated mile-by-mile guide by ExploreNorth

Sources

Route map:

KML file (edithelp)
    KML is from Wikidata

    Commons-logo.svg Media related to Klondike Highway at Wikimedia Commons