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| Krasnojarsk | |
|---|---|
 Hand-colored drawing | |
| Type | Stony–iron |
| Structural classification | Medium octahedrite |
| Class | Pallasite |
| Group | Pallasite Main Group |
| Country | Russia |
| Region | Krasnoyarsk Krai |
| Coordinates | 54°54′N91°48′E / 54.900°N 91.800°E Coordinates: 54°54′N91°48′E / 54.900°N 91.800°E [1] |
| Observed fall | No |
| Found date | 1749 |
| TKW | 700 kg |
Krasnojarsk was the first pallasite meteorite ever found.
A mass of about 700 kilograms (1,500 lb) was detected in 1749 about 145 miles south of Krasnoyarsk.The meteorite was found in 1749 by the local blacksmith Yakov Medvedev and the mining foreman IK Mettikh who reported the find near the village of Medvedevo (the current territory of the Komsky Rural Council of the Novosyolovsky district of the Krasnoyarsk Krai).
In 1772, the unusual block was shown to Academician P.S.Pallas, who at that time was in those parts with an expedition. On his instructions, the bulk of the lump, weighing about 40 pounds, was sent in 1773 to St. Petersburg, and in 1777 - delivered to the Kunstkamera.
Krasnojarsk was the first pallasite ever found and studied first time as meteorite in 1794 by Ernst Chladni, [2] and led to the creation of the Pallasite group, named after Pallas.
It was also the first meteorite ever etched with acid (by G. Thomson) and therefore was the first one to show to human eyes the Widmanstätten pattern.
The main mass of 514.557 kilograms (1,134.40 lb) is now in Moscow at the Fersman Mineralogical Museum, Russian Academy of Sciences.
It is a stony–iron meteorite of the Main Group Pallasite (MGP) group.
A meteorite is a solid piece of debris from an object, such as a comet, asteroid, or meteoroid, that originates in outer space and survives its passage through the atmosphere to reach the surface of a planet or moon. When the original object enters the atmosphere, various factors such as friction, pressure, and chemical interactions with the atmospheric gases cause it to heat up and radiate energy. It then becomes a meteor and forms a fireball, also known as a shooting star; astronomers call the brightest examples "bolides". Once it settles on the larger body's surface, the meteor becomes a meteorite. Meteorites vary greatly in size. For geologists, a bolide is a meteorite large enough to create an impact crater.
Ernst Florens Friedrich Chladni was a German physicist and musician. His most important work, for which he is sometimes labeled as the father of acoustics, included research on vibrating plates and the calculation of the speed of sound for different gases. He also undertook pioneering work in the study of meteorites and is regarded by some as the father of meteoritics.
Peter Simon Pallas FRS FRSE was a Prussian zoologist and botanist who worked in Russia (1767–1810).
Widmanstätten patterns, also known as Thomson structures, are figures of long nickel–iron crystals, found in the octahedrite iron meteorites and some pallasites. They consist of a fine interleaving of kamacite and taenite bands or ribbons called lamellae. Commonly, in gaps between the lamellae, a fine-grained mixture of kamacite and taenite called plessite can be found. Widmanstätten patterns describe features in modern steels, titanium, and zirconium alloys.
The pallasites are a class of stony–iron meteorite.
Imilac is a pallasite meteorite found in the Atacama Desert of Northern Chile in 1822.
Iron meteorites, also known as siderites, or ferrous meteorites, are a type of meteorite that consist overwhelmingly of an iron–nickel alloy known as meteoric iron that usually consists of two mineral phases: kamacite and taenite. Most iron meteorites originate from cores of planetesimals, with the exception of the IIE iron meteorite group
Count Alois von Beckh Widmanstätten was an Austrian printer and mineralogist. His name is sometimes given as Alois von Beckh-Widmannstätten or Aloys Joseph Franz Xaver Beck Edler von Widmanstätten. He is known for recognizing a unique pattern of cross-hatching lines on the surface of iron-rich meteorites, now called Widmanstätten patterns, resulting from the cooling and crystallization of interstitial minerals. A crater on the moon is named after Widmanstätten.
The Fukang meteorite is a meteorite that was found in the mountains near Fukang, China in 2000. It is a pallasite—a type of stony–iron meteorite with olivine crystals. It is estimated to be 4.5 billion years old.
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Huckitta is a pallasite meteorite recovered in 1937 from Huckitta Cattle Station in the Northern Territory of Australia.
Omolon is a meteorite fallen in 1981 in the Omolon River basin, Magadan (Russia). It is a pallasite.
Pallasovka is a pallasite meteorite found in 1990 near the town of Pallasovka, Russia.
Seymchan is a pallasite meteorite found in the dry bed of the river Hekandue, a left tributary of river Yasachnaya in the Magadan district, Russia, near the settlement of Seymchan, in June 1967.
Krasnoyarsk is a city in Russia.
Elbogen, also the Loket Iron, is an iron meteorite that fell in the village of Loket, Karlovy Vary Region, Kingdom of Bohemia, about the year 1400. Also known during the Middle Ages as the "bewitched burgrave" of Elbogen, due to a cursed Count at the Elbogen castle, it is the oldest of 15 recorded falls in the Czech Republic. It has not survived to our time in its original size, having been cut for scientific purposes and its pieces sent to museums all around the world.
The Springwater meteorite is a stony-iron pallasite, found near Springwater, Saskatchewan in 1931. At that time the find consisted of three large masses (38.6 kilograms, 18.6 kilograms and 10.6 kilograms. Other fragments have been found recently, including a 53 kilograms individual in 2009 that is now in the Royal Ontario Museum.
Hraschina is the official name of an iron meteorite that fell in 1751 near the Hrašćina village in Hrvatsko Zagorje, Croatia. This meteorite is important because it was the first fall of an iron meteorite viewed and reported by a significant number of witnesses, despite its low remaining total known weight. The Hraschina meteorite also proved that rocks really can "fall from the skies".