Canyon Diablo (meteorite)

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Canyon Diablo
Canyon-diablo-meteorite.jpg
Canyon Diablo iron meteorite fragment (IAB) 2,641 grams
Type Iron
Structural classification Coarse Octahedrite
Group IAB-MG
Composition7.1% Ni; 0.46% Co; 0.26% P; 1% C; 1% S; 80ppm Ga; 320ppm Ge; 1,9ppm Ir
CountryUnited States
Region Coconino County, Arizona
Coordinates 35°03′N111°02′W / 35.050°N 111.033°W / 35.050; -111.033 [1]
Observed fall No
Fall date49000 years ago [2]
Found date1891
TKW 30 tonnes
Strewn field Yes
Canyon Diablo meteorite, pattern.jpg
Etched slice showing a Widmanstätten pattern
Commons-logo.svg Related media on Wikimedia Commons

The Canyon Diablo meteorite refers to the many fragments of the asteroid that created Meteor Crater (also called Barringer Crater), [3] Arizona, United States. Meteorites have been found around the crater rim, and are named for nearby Canyon Diablo, which lies about three to four miles west of the crater.

Contents

History

The impactor fell about 50,000 years ago. [4] Initially known and used by pre-historic Native Americans, Canyon Diablo meteorites have been collected and studied by the scientific community since the 19th century. Meteor Crater, from the late 19th to the early 20th century, was the center of a long dispute over the origin of craters that showed little evidence of volcanism. That debate was largely settled by the early 1930s, thanks to work by Daniel M. Barringer, F.R. Moulton, and Harvey Harlow Nininger. [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11]

In 1953, Clair Cameron Patterson measured ratios of the lead isotopes in samples of the meteorite. Through U-Pb radiometric dating, a refined estimate of the age of the Earth was obtained: 4.550 billion years (± 70 million years). [12]

Composition and classification

This meteorite is an iron octahedrite (coarse octahedrite). Minerals reported from the meteorite include:

Samples may contain troilite-graphite nodules with metal veins and small diamonds.

Fragments

"Holsinger Meteorite", the biggest recovered fragment of the Canyon Diablo meteorite Holsinger Meteorite.jpg
"Holsinger Meteorite", the biggest recovered fragment of the Canyon Diablo meteorite
Example of a small (90mm) fragment of the meteorite Meteorite fragment from the Canon Diablo Meteorite.jpg
Example of a small (90mm) fragment of the meteorite

The biggest fragment ever found is the Holsinger Meteorite, weighing 639 kilograms (1,409 lb), now on display in the Meteor Crater Visitor Center on the rim of the crater. Other famous fragments:

See also

References

  1. ↑ Meteoritical Bulletin Database: Canyon Diablo
  2. ↑ "Spaceguard Foundation UK". Archived from the original on November 17, 2006.
  3. ↑ "Barringer Crater". Oxford Reference. Oxford. Archived from the original on November 17, 2021. Retrieved November 16, 2021.
  4. ↑ Roddy, D. J.; E. M. Shoemaker (1995). "Meteor Crater (Barringer Meteorite Crater), Arizona: summary of impact conditions". Meteoritics. 30 (5): 567. Bibcode:1995Metic..30Q.567R.
  5. ↑ Barringer, D.M. (1906). "Coon Mountain and its Crater." Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 57:861–886. PDF Archived 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine
  6. ↑ Moulton, F. R. (August 24, 1929). Report on the Meteor Crater – I. Philadelphia: Barringer Crater Company.
  7. ↑ Moulton, F. R. (November 20, 1929). Report on the Meteor Crater – II. Philadelphia: Barringer Crater Company.
  8. ↑ Crowson, Henry L. (1971). "A method for determining the residual meteoritical mass in the Barringer Meteor Crater". Pure and Applied Geophysics. 85 (1): 38–68. Bibcode:1971PApGe..85...38C. doi:10.1007/bf00875398. S2CID   140725009.
  9. ↑ Artemieva N.; Pierazzo E (2010). "The Canyon Diablo impact event: Projectile motion through the atmosphere". Meteoritics & Planetary Science . 44 (1): 25–42. doi: 10.1111/j.1945-5100.2009.tb00715.x .
  10. ↑ Nininger, Harvey Harlow (1956). Arizona's Meteorite Crater. Sedona, Arizona: American Meteorite Laboratory. ISBN   978-0910096027.
  11. ↑ Levy, David (2002). Shoemaker by Levy: The man who made an impact. Princeton: Princeton University Press. pp. 69, 73–75, 81–83. ISBN   9780691113258.
  12. ↑ Patterson, C. (1956). "Age of Meteorites and the Earth". Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta. 10 (4): 230–237. Bibcode:1956GeCoA..10..230P. doi:10.1016/0016-7037(56)90036-9.
  13. ↑ "Canyon Diablo Meteorite; MET16 on eHive". eHive. Archived from the original on 2021-02-22. Retrieved 2024-05-17.
  14. ↑ "Archenhold Observatory homepage". Archived from the original on 2024-02-22. Retrieved 2024-02-22.
  15. ↑ Henricks, Larry (June 7, 2009). "Meteorite moves to Flag". Arizona Daily Sun. Archived from the original on April 6, 2019. Retrieved May 17, 2024.
  16. ↑ "Adirondack Sky Center Meteoroids".
  17. ↑ "When Worlds Collide: Collaboration and Coincidence in a Mystery from the Skies". December 3, 2019. Archived from the original on October 20, 2021. Retrieved October 15, 2021.
  18. ↑ "UCLA's new Meteorite Museum rocks". Archived from the original on June 8, 2013.
  19. ↑ "CrunchGear » Archive » Meteorite chunk about 300 pounds, 5 billion years old". February 13, 2008. Archived from the original on February 13, 2008. Retrieved June 29, 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  20. ↑ "Rummager's galactic find turns out to be stolen meteorite". Archived from the original on 2014-04-27. Retrieved 2010-10-04.
  21. ↑ "Long-lost meteorite comes home to Arizona".
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