Lehigh, Oklahoma

Lehigh, Oklahoma
City
Owl Grocery in Lehigh, 2012
Location of Lehigh, Oklahoma
Coordinates: 34°28′14″N96°13′15″W / 34.47056°N 96.22083°W / 34.47056; -96.22083
Country	United States
State	Oklahoma
County	Coal
Area [1]
• Total	1.62 sq mi (4.20 km2)
• Land	1.57 sq mi (4.07 km2)
• Water	0.05 sq mi (0.14 km2)
Elevation [2]	600 ft (200 m)
Population  (2020)
• Total	272
• Density	173.14/sq mi (66.84/km2)
Time zone	UTC-6 (Central (CST))
• Summer (DST)	UTC-5 (CDT)
ZIP code	74556
Area code	580
FIPS code	40-42200 [3]
GNIS feature ID	2410817 [2]

Lehigh is a city in Coal County, Oklahoma, United States. Its population was 356 at the 2010 census. ^[4]

History

Lehigh began as the first mining camp in what is now Coal County, Oklahoma. ^[5] At the time of its founding, Lehigh was located in Atoka County, Choctaw Nation. ^[6] It was originally named Boone, but the name was changed to Lehigh. ^[5] The new name was taken from Lehigh County, Pennsylvania, a coal-mining region. ^{[7] [5]}

A post office opened in Lehigh, Indian Territory, on April 4, 1882, and several railroads built lines to Lehigh, including the Missouri–Kansas–Texas Railroad, the Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railway, and the Gulf, Colorado and Santa Fe Railway. ^{[5] [lower-alpha 1]} In addition to mining, ranching was an important contributor to the local economy. Stockyards were built in 1884 and, even as they neared completion, 23 railroad cars of cattle and seven carloads of hogs awaited shipping. ^[9]

During the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Lehigh was a growing settlement that greatly profited from the coal mines surrounding it. ^[10] During the 1910s and 1920s, the demand for coal lessened as railroads switched to oil-powered trains. ^{[10] [lower-alpha 2]} The mines eventually closed, and in the early 1920s, boll weevils destroyed the cotton crops in the area. ^[10] Many businesses closed, and people left the town. ^[10] The Merchants National Bank Building in Lehigh is the only structure that remains from the once-prosperous downtown area. ^[10]

Geography

Lehigh is located in southeastern Coal County. U.S. Route 75 passes through the city, leading north 5 miles (8 km) to Coalgate, the county seat, and southeast 9 miles (14 km) to Atoka.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 1.6 square miles (4.1 km²), of which 0.04 square miles (0.10 km²) (2.47%) is covered by water.

Climate

Climate data for Lehigh, Oklahoma
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Mean daily maximum °F (°C)	49.2 (9.6)	54.6 (12.6)	63.9 (17.7)	73.5 (23.1)	79.6 (26.4)	87.4 (30.8)	93.4 (34.1)	94.1 (34.5)	85.7 (29.8)	75.7 (24.3)	63.4 (17.4)	52.9 (11.6)	72.8 (22.7)
Mean daily minimum °F (°C)	27.0 (−2.8)	31.4 (−0.3)	40.6 (4.8)	50.2 (10.1)	58.5 (14.7)	66.6 (19.2)	71.0 (21.7)	70.1 (21.2)	63.0 (17.2)	51.3 (10.7)	40.9 (4.9)	30.9 (−0.6)	50.1 (10.1)
Average precipitation inches (mm)	2.0 (51)	2.5 (64)	3.6 (91)	4.6 (120)	5.3 (130)	4.2 (110)	2.5 (64)	2.5 (64)	4.8 (120)	3.7 (94)	3.2 (81)	2.3 (58)	41.3 (1,050)
Source 1: weather.com
Source 2: Weatherbase.com [12]

Demographics

Historical population

Census	Pop.	Note	%±
1900	1,500		—
1910	1,880		25.3%
1920	1,898		1.0%
1930	497		−73.8%
1940	519		4.4%
1950	352		−32.2%
1960	296		−15.9%
1970	296		0.0%
1980	284		−4.1%
1990	303		6.7%
2000	315		4.0%
2010	356		13.0%
2020	272		−23.6%
U.S. Decennial Census [13]

At the 2000 census, ^[3] 315 people, 114 households and 77 families were residing in the city. The population density was 199.9 inhabitants per square mile (77.2/km²). The 144 housing units had an average density of 91.4 per square mile (35.3/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 76.51% White, 0.95% African American, 14.92% Native American, 0.95% Asian, and 6.67% from two or more races. Hispanics or Latinos of any race were 1.27% of the population.

Of the 114 households,29.8% had children under 18 living with them, 50.9% were married couples living together, 10.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.6% were not families. About 24.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.8% had someone living alone who was 65 or older. The average household size was 2.76, and the average family size was 3.26.

The age distribution was 28.9% under 18, 9.2% from 18 to 24, 26.7% from 25 to 44, 21.3% from 45 to 64, and 14.0% who were 65 or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 111.4 males. For every 100 females 18 and over, there were 101.8 males.

The median household income was $24,16, and the median family income was $25,156. Males had a median income of $20,278 compared with $17,344 for females. The per capita income was $10,699. About 18.8% of families and 27.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 37.8% of those under 18 and 12.5% of those 65 or over.

Notable people

• Rube Foster, baseball player who won World Series championships with the Boston Red Sox in 1915 and 1916
• Patrick J. Hurley, U.S. Secretary of War from 1929 to 1933
• Benjamin Franklin Smallwood, principal chief of Choctaw Nation from 1888 to 1890 ^[14]
• Muriel Hazel Wright, historian, was born here in 1889. ^[15]

Notes

1. At least one other railroad, the Clinton and Oklahoma Western Railway Company, was chartered specifically to build a line to Lehigh—this one from Clinton, Oklahoma—but never did so. This company did build a line in the opposite direction, becoming the Clinton and Oklahoma Western Railroad. ^[8]
2. By the time of the Thirty-sixth annual report of the Department of Mines and Minerals in 1943, combined yearly production by the Lehigh Coal Company, Dawley Coal Company and the Wells Coal Company—all of Lehigh—was 2,562 tons. For comparison, combined production by companies in Henryetta, Oklahoma, that year was over 600,000 tons. ^[11]

See also

• Oklahoma portal

• List of municipalities in Oklahoma

References

Media related to Lehigh, Oklahoma at Wikimedia Commons

1. "ArcGIS REST Services Directory". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved September 20, 2022.
2. U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Lehigh, Oklahoma
3. "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau . Retrieved January 31, 2008.
4. "Geographic Identifiers: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (G001): Lehigh city, Oklahoma". U.S. Census Bureau, American Factfinder. Archived from the original on March 9, 2015. Retrieved March 4, 2015.
5. Caruthers, Lorene. "Lehigh," Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture, Oklahoma Historical Society, Accessed July 4, 2015.
6. Morris, John W. Historical Atlas of Oklahoma (Norman: University of Oklahoma, 1986), plate 38.
7. Gannett, Henry (1905). The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States. U.S. Government Printing Office. p.  184.
8. "Railroads of Oklahoma, June 6, 1870 to April 1, 1978, p.36". Oklahoma Digital Prairie. Retrieved October 12, 2021.
9. The Branding Iron newspaper, published in Atoka, Indian Territory, March 15, 1884, page 1.
10. Jim Gabbart (October 26, 2006). "National Register of Historic Places Inventory/Nomination: Merchants National Bank Building" (pdf). National Park Service.{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help) "Accompanying 7 photos, from 2006" (pdf). National Register of Historic Places Inventory.
11. "Thirty-sixth annual report of the Department of Mines and Minerals, 1943, pp.12- 15". Oklahoma Digital Prairie. Retrieved May 8, 2021.
12. "Historical Weather for Lehigh, Oklahoma, United States".
13. "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Retrieved June 4, 2015.
14. Meserve, John Bartlett. "Chief Benjamin Franklin Smallwood and Chief Jefferson Gardner," Archived 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine Chronicles of Oklahoma, Volume 19, No. 3, September, 1941.
15. Muriel Hazel Wright, Joey Horsley, FemBio.org, retrieved 8 February 2015