Lipandra

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Lipandra
Chenopodium polyspermum leaves and flowers 1 AB.jpg
Manyseed goosefoot (Lipandra polysperma)
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Caryophyllales
Family: Amaranthaceae
Subfamily: Chenopodioideae
Tribe: Atripliceae
Genus: Lipandra
Moq.
Species:
L. polysperma
Binomial name
Lipandra polysperma
Synonyms
  • Chenopodium polyspermumL.
  • Atriplex polysperma(L.) Crantz
  • Vulvaria polysperma(L.) Bubani
  • Lipandra atriplicoides(Less.) Moq.
  • Oligandra atriplicoidesLess.

Lipandra polysperma (Syn. Chenopodium polyspermum), common name manyseed goosefoot, [1] is the only species of the monotypic plant genus Lipandra from the subfamily Chenopodioideae of the family Amaranthaceae.

Contents

Description

Many-seeded goosefoot is a non-aromatic, glabrous annual herb, which can grow up to 1 m tall, although often has a sprawling habit. The stem is square in cross-section and can be green or bright red. The leaves (and subsequently branches) are alternate but sometimes nearly opposite at the base. it has no stipules. The petioles are up to 2.5 cm long, and the leaves are ovate-elliptic, 3-5 cm long, and usually have untoothed margins. [2] [3]

The inflorescences consist of loose dichasia in the axils of leaf-like bracts, sometimes of more condensed glomerules of flowers arranged spicately. The flowers are bisexual or pistillate, with (4-) 5 nearly free perianth segments, 1-3 (-5) stamens and an ovary with 2 stigmas.

In fruit, perianth segments remain unchanged. The fruit has a membranous pericarp, which is free from the seed. The horizontally orientated seeds are compressed-globose. The brown to blackish seed coat is undulately striate. [4]

Distribution

Lipandra polysperma is distributed in most regions of Europe and in temperate Asia. [5] It is widely naturalized elsewhere, as in North America. [6]

Systematics

The species was first described in 1753 by Carl Linnaeus as Chenopodium polyspermum in Species Plantarum . [7] After phylogenetic research, Fuentes-Bazan et al. (2012) separated this species from genus Chenopodium that would otherwise have been polyphyletic. The genus Lipandra was first described by Alfred Moquin-Tandon in 1840 (in Chenopodearum monographica enumeratio, p. 19.), replacing an older illegitimate name: Christian Friedrich Lessing's genus Oligandra (1835, not the Asteraceae genus Oligandra from 1832) had only one species, Oligandra atriplicoides, that was soon considered identical with Chenopodium polyspermum. [4]

Lipandra polysperma belongs to the same tribe as Chenopodium, Tribus Atripliceae. [4]

Synonyms of genus Lipandra Moq.: [4]

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<i>Blitum bonus-henricus</i> Species of flowering plant

Blitum bonus-henricus, also called Good-King-Henry, poor-man's asparagus, perennial goosefoot, Lincolnshire spinach, Markery, English mercury, or mercury goosefoot, is a species of goosefoot which is native to much of central and southern Europe.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chenopodioideae</span> Subfamily of flowering plants

The Chenopodioideae are a subfamily of the flowering plant family Amaranthaceae in the APG III system, which is largely based on molecular phylogeny, but were included – together with other subfamilies – in the family Chenopodiaceae, or goosefoot family, in the Cronquist system.

<i>Chenopodium</i> Genus of flowering plants in the family Amaranthaceae

Chenopodium is a genus of numerous species of perennial or annual herbaceous flowering plants known as the goosefoot, which occur almost anywhere in the world. It is placed in the family Amaranthaceae in the APG II system; older classification systems, notably the widely used Cronquist system, separate it and its relatives as Chenopodiaceae, but this leaves the rest of the Amaranthaceae polyphyletic. However, among the Amaranthaceae, the genus Chenopodium is the namesake member of the subfamily Chenopodioideae.

<i>Chenopodium vulvaria</i> Species of flowering plant

Chenopodium vulvaria, stinking goosefoot is a foul-smelling plant that grows on bare ground in coastal habitats in the Mediterranean region and is associated with dung heaps and disturbed ground inland. It is native to southern Europe and western Asia and has spread to northern Europe other temperate parts of the world, with agriculture.

<i>Blitum capitatum</i> Species of flowering plant

Strawberry blite is an edible annual plant, also known as blite goosefoot, strawberry goosefoot, strawberry spinach, Indian paint, and Indian ink.

<i>Oxybasis rubra</i> Species of flowering plant

Oxybasis rubra, common names red goosefoot or coastblite goosefoot, is a member of the genus Oxybasis, a segregate of Chenopodium. It is native to North America and Eurasia. It is an annual plant.

<i>Chenopodiastrum murale</i> Species of flowering plant

Chenopodiastrum murale, is a species of plant in the family Amaranthaceae known by the common names nettle-leaved goosefoot, Australian-spinach, salt-green, and sowbane. This plant is native to Europe and parts of Asia and northern Africa, but it is widespread worldwide, particularly in tropical and subtropical areas due to the ease of it being introduced. It is a common weed of fields and roadsides.

<i>Grayia</i> (plant) Genus of flowering plants

Grayia is a genus of plants in the subfamily Chenopodioideae of the family Amaranthaceae. Common names are siltbush and hopsage. The four shrubby species occur in arid and semiarid regions of western North America:

<i>Grayia spinosa</i> Species of flowering plant

Grayia spinosa is a species of the genus Grayia in the subfamily Chenopodioideae of the flowering plant family Amaranthaceae, which is known by the common names hop sage and spiny hop sage. It is widely distributed across the Western United States, where it grows in a number of desert and mountain habitats.

<i>Chenopodium candolleanum</i> Species of plant

Chenopodium candolleanum, commonly known as seaberry saltbush, is a shrub in the subfamily Chenopodioideae of the family Amaranthaceae, native to Australia.

<i>Blitum californicum</i> Species of flowering plant

Blitum californicum is a species of flowering plant in the amaranth family known by the common names California goosefoot and (ambiguously) "Indian lettuce".

<i>Oxybasis chenopodioides</i> Species of plant

Oxybasis chenopodioides is a species of flowering plant in the family Amaranthaceae known by the common name saltmarsh goosefoot. It is native to Europe, Asia and parts of Africa, where it grows on bare mud in brackish hollows in coastal grassland, inland salt steppes and salty deserts. It has spread to similar habitats in both North and South America. Its habitat is an uncommon one and is threatened by agricultural improvement in many areas, but overall its populations are stable. This species often grows with, and is easily confused with the closely-related red goosefoot.

<i>Chenopodium desiccatum</i> Species of flowering plant

Chenopodium desiccatum is a species of flowering plant in the family Amaranthaceae known by the common names aridland goosefoot and slimleaf goosefoot.

<i>Spinacia</i> Genus of flowering plants in the amaranth family Amaranthaceae

Spinacia is a flowering plant genus in the subfamily Chenopodioideae of the family Amaranthaceae. The most common member is spinach.

<i>Oxybasis glauca</i> Species of flowering plant

Oxybasis glauca, common name oak-leaved goosefoot, is a species of goosefoot plant native to Europe. It has been introduced and become an invasive weed in North America. This invader of European origin also appears in trampled communities in North Korea.

<i>Chenopodiastrum</i> Genus of flowering plants

Chenopodiastrum is a genus of herbaceous flowering plants in the family Amaranthaceae. The genus was formally described in 2012. The 5 species occur in Eurasia, North Africa, and North America.

<i>Blitum</i> Genus of flowering plants

Blitum is a genus of flowering plants in the amaranth family Amaranthaceae, subfamily Chenopodioideae. It is closely related to genus Spinacia. Its 12 species were traditionally placed in the genera Chenopodium, Monolepis, or Scleroblitum. The species of genus Blitum occur in Asia, Europe, North Africa, the Americas, and Australia.

<i>Oxybasis</i> Genus of plants

Oxybasis is a flowering plant genus from the subfamily Chenopodioideae of the family Amaranthaceae. It was first described in 1841, and newly used since 2012 for five species that were traditionally grouped into genus Chenopodium. They occur in Europe, Asia, North Africa and America.

<i>Chenopodium spinescens</i> Species of plant

Chenopodium spinescens is a species of plant in the family Amaranthaceae and is endemic to all mainland states and territories of Australia where it is known as Rhagodia spinescens.

References

  1. USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Chenopodium polyspermum". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 16 January 2016.
  2. Sell, Peter; Murrell, Gina (2018). Flora of Great Britain and Ireland, vol 1. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  3. Rose, Francis (2006). The Wild Flower Key. London: Frederick Warne. ISBN   978-0-7232-5175-0.
  4. 1 2 3 4 Fuentes-Bazan, Susy; Uotila, Pertti; Borsch, Thomas (2012). "A novel phylogeny-based generic classification for Chenopodium sensu lato, and a tribal rearrangement of Chenopodioideae (Chenopodiaceae)". Willdenowia - Annals of the Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin-Dahlem. 42 (1): 14–15. doi: 10.3372/wi42.42101 . ISSN   0511-9618.
  5. "Lipandra polysperma". Germplasm Resources Information Network . Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture . Retrieved 2013-07-10.
  6. Distribution map for the northern hemisphere from: Eric Hultén, Magnus Fries: Atlas of North European vascular plants. 1986, ISBN   3-87429-263-0 at Den virtuella floran..
  7. Carl von Linné: Species Plantarum. Vol. 1, Impensis Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae 1753, p. 220