List of Italian royal consorts

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Iron Crown of Lombardy, used in Italian coronations from the Lombard era to the 19th century Corona ferrea.png
Iron Crown of Lombardy, used in Italian coronations from the Lombard era to the 19th century

Queen of Italy (regina Italiae in Latin and regina d'Italia in Italian) is a title adopted by many spouses of the rulers of the Italian peninsula after the fall of the Roman Empire. The details of where and how the ruling kings ruled are in the article about them. The elective dignity of Roman Emperor was restricted to males only; therefore, there was never an Italian Queen regnant, though women such as Adelaide of Italy and Theophanu and Maria Theresa of Austria, who controlled the power of ruling, ruled as de facto Queens Regnant.

Contents

Queen consorts of Italy, under Odoacer

Ostrogothic Queen consorts of Italy

PictureNameFatherBirthMarriageBecame ConsortCeased to be ConsortDeath Spouse
Audofleda of the Salian Franks Childeric I, King of the Salian Franks
(Merovingian)
47049330 August 526
husband's death
 ? Theodoric
Mathesuentha of the Visigoths Eutharic
(Areal line)
517536540
husband's death
after 550 Witiges
Berthora of Rheims Theudebert I, King of Rheims
(Merovingian)
5355491 July 552
husband's death
555 Totila
No names of Ostrogothic queens are mention during beyond this point.
PictureNameFatherBirthMarriageBecame ConsortCeased to be ConsortDeath Spouse

Lombardic Queen consorts of Italy

PictureNameFatherBirthMarriageBecame ConsortCeased to be ConsortDeath Spouse
Chlothsind of the Franks Chlothar I, King of the Franks
(Merovingian)
 ? ? ? ? ? Alboin
Assassination of Alboin.jpg Rosamund of the Gepids Cunimund, King of the Gepids  ?56728 June 572/573
husband's death
 ?
Theodelinda married Agilulf (detail).jpg Theodelinda of Bavaria Garibald I, Duke of Bavaria
(Agilolfings)
 ?15 May 5895 September 590
husband's death
22 January 627 Authari
May 591616
husband's death
Agilulf
Gundiberga of the Lombards Authari 591 ?626
husband's accession, locked in monastery
636
husband's death
 ? Arioald
after 636652
husband's death
Rothari
Rodelinda ????688
husband's death
? Perctarit
Theodota of the Lombards Aripert I  ?after 662 ? ? Grimoald I
No names of Lombardic queens are mentioned until 739.
Guntrude  ? ? ?712
husband's ascension
744
husband's disposition
 ? Liutprand
Tassia  ? ? ?744
husband's ascension
749
husband's disposition
 ? Ratchis
Ansa Verissimo ? ?744
husband's ascension
5 June 774
husband's disposition
 ? Desiderius
Hildegard 1499.jpg Hildegard Gerold of Vinzgouw 758771774
husband's coronation as Lombardic king
30 April 783 Charles I
Fastrada of Franconia Raoul III de Franconie et d'Aéda de Bavière 765784
as Queen consort the Lombards
10 October 794
Luitgard of Sundgau Luitfrid II, Count of Sundgau 776794
as Queen consort the Lombards
4 June 800
PictureNameFatherBirthMarriageBecame ConsortCeased to be ConsortDeath Spouse

Queen consorts of Italy

Carolingian dynasty, (774–887)

PictureNameFatherBirthMarriageBecame ConsortCeased to be ConsortDeath Spouse
Hildegard 1499.jpg Hildegard Gerold of Vinzgouw
(Agilolfings)
7587715 June 774
husband's coronation as Lombardic king
30 April 783 Charles I
Fastrada of Franconia Raoul III of Franconia 765784
as Queen consort the Lombards
10 October 794
Luitgard of Sundgau Luitfrid II, Count of Sundgau
(Etichonids)
776794
as Queen consort the Lombards
4 June 800
Bertha of Gellone William of Gellone, Count of Toulouse  ?795?781
as Queen consort of Italy
8 July 810
husband's death
 ? Pepin
Cunigunda of Laon  ? ?81317 April 818
husband's death
 ? Bernard I
Ermengarde of Tours Hugh of Tours
(Etichonids)
80415 October 821 as sole queen
15 June 844 as senior queen
20 March 851 Lothair I
Engelberga of Parma Adelchis I, Count of Parma
(Supponids)
8305 October 85112 August 875
husband's death
896/901 Louis II
RichildaofProvence.jpg Richilde of Provence Bivin of Gorze, Count of the Ardennes
(Bosonid)
84587012 August 875
husband's ascension
6 October 877
husband's death
2 June 910 Charles II
Saint Richardis (fragment of The Ordeal by Fire by Dierec Bouts the Older).jpg Richardis of Swabia Erchanger, Count of the Nordgau
(Ahalolfinger)
8401 August 862879
husband's ascension
887
husband's death
18 September, between 894 and 896 Charles III
PictureNameFatherBirthMarriageBecame ConsortCeased to be ConsortDeath Spouse

After 887, Italy fell into instability, with many rulers claiming the Kingship simultaneously:

Unruoching dynasty, (887–924)

PictureNameFatherBirthMarriageBecame ConsortCeased to be ConsortDeath Spouse
Bertila of Spoleto Suppo II of Spoleto
(Supponids)
86088026 December 887
husband's ascension
December 915 Berengar I
Anna of Provence Louis the Blind
(Bosonids)
-by December 9157 April 924
husband's death
after May 930
PictureNameFatherBirthMarriageBecame ConsortCeased to be ConsortDeath Spouse

Widonid dynasty, (889–896)

PictureNameFatherBirthMarriageBecame ConsortCeased to be ConsortDeath Spouse
Ageltrude of Benevento Adelchis, Prince of Benevento  ?early 880s889
husband's coronation
12 December 894
husband's death
27 August 923 Guy
PictureNameFatherBirthMarriageBecame ConsortCeased to be ConsortDeath Spouse

Carolingian Dynasty, (896–899)

PictureNameFatherBirthMarriageBecame ConsortCeased to be ConsortDeath Spouse
Ota of Neustria Berengar I of Neustria
(Conradines)
874before the end of 88822 February 896
husband's coronation
8 December 899
husband's death
after 30 November 903 Arnulf
PictureNameFatherBirthMarriageBecame ConsortCeased to be ConsortDeath Spouse

Bosonid dynasty, (900–905)

PictureNameFatherBirthMarriageBecame ConsortCeased to be ConsortDeath Spouse
Anna of Constantinople Leo VI the Wise
(Macedonian)
888around 90012 October 900
husband's coronation
21 July 905
husband relinquished titles
912 Louis III
PictureNameFatherBirthMarriageBecame ConsortCeased to be ConsortDeath Spouse

Elder Welf dynasty, (922–926)

PictureNameFatherBirthMarriageBecame ConsortCeased to be ConsortDeath Spouse
Reine Berthe et les fileueses, 1888.jpg Bertha of Swabia Burchard II, Duke of Swabia
(Hunfridings)
907922922
husband's coronation
926 husband's deposition
933 husband relinquished titles
after 2 January 966 Rudolph
PictureNameFatherBirthMarriageBecame ConsortCeased to be ConsortDeath Spouse

Bosonid dynasty, (926–950)

PictureNameFatherBirthMarriageBecame ConsortCeased to be ConsortDeath Spouse
Alda (or Hilda)A German ?after 924before 932
marriage annulled
 ? Hugh
Marozia.jpg Marozia of Tusculum, Senatrix and Patricia of Rome Theophylact I, Count of Tusculum
(Tusculani)
890932December 932
933 husband fled, her imprisonment
932/937
Reine Berthe et les fileueses, 1888.jpg Bertha of Swabia Burchard II, Duke of Swabia
(Hunfridings)
90712 December 93710 April 948
husband's death
after 2 January 966
Sainte-Adelaide - Eglise de Toury, vitraux par Lorin.jpg Adelaide of Burgundy and Italy Rudolf II of Burgundy and Italy
(Elder Welf)
93112 December 94710 April 948
husband's coronation
22 November 950
husband's death
16 December 999 Lothair II
PictureNameFatherBirthMarriageBecame ConsortCeased to be ConsortDeath Spouse

Anscarid dynasty, (950–963)

PictureNameFatherBirthMarriageBecame ConsortCeased to be ConsortDeath Spouse
Willa of Tuscany Boso, Margrave of Tuscany
(Bosonids)
910930/93115 December 950
husband's coronation
953
husband's imprisonment
963/after 966 Berengar II
Gerberga Unknown or Lambert of Chalon 945960/62963
husband's desposition
11 December 986/991 Adalbert
PictureNameFatherBirthMarriageBecame ConsortCeased to be ConsortDeath Spouse

Ottonian dynasty, (951–1002)

In 951 Otto I of Germany invaded Italy and was crowned "King of the Lombards". In 952, Berengar and Adalbert became vassals, but remained Kings until being deposed by Otto.

PictureNameFatherBirthMarriageBecame ConsortCeased to be ConsortDeath Spouse
Sainte-Adelaide - Eglise de Toury, vitraux par Lorin.jpg Adelaide of Burgundy and Italy Rudolf II of Burgundy and Italy
(Elder Welf)
9319517 May 973
husband's death
16 December 999 Otto I
Theophanu.jpg Theophanu of Constantinople 96014 April 9727 December 983
husband's death
15 June 991 Otto II
PictureNameHouseBirthMarriageBecame ConsortCeased to be ConsortDeath Spouse

Anscarid dynasty, (1002–1014)

PictureNameFatherBirthMarriageBecame ConsortCeased to be ConsortDeath Spouse
Bertha probably Otbert II, Margrave of Milan  ?before 1000c. 1002
husband accession
c. 1014
husband gave up claim
 ? Arduin
PictureNameHouseBirthMarriageBecame ConsortCeased to be ConsortDeath Spouse

After the brief interruption by Arduin of Ivrea and after the restoration of the Holy Roman Emperor as the sole holder of the title King of Italy, the title became one of the many appanages of the Holy Roman Empress.

Ottonian dynasty, (1004–1024)

PictureNameFatherBirthMarriageBecame ConsortCeased to be ConsortDeath Spouse
Kunigunde.png Cunigunde of Luxembourg Siegfried, Count of Luxembourg
(Luxembourg)
975100014 May 1004
husband's coronation
13 July 1024
husband's death
3 March 1033 Henry II
PictureNameHouseBirthMarriageBecame ConsortCeased to be ConsortDeath Spouse

Salian dynasty, (1026–1125)

PictureNameHouseBirthMarriageBecame ConsortCeased to be ConsortDeath Spouse
Gisela von Schwaben.JPG Gisela of Swabia Hermann II, Duke of Swabia
(Conradines)
11 November 99510161026
husband's coronation as King of Italy
4 June 1039
husband's death
14 February 1043 Conrad II, Holy Roman Emperor
Agnes of Poitou.jpg Agnes de Poitou William V, Duke of Aquitaine
(Ramnulfids)
102521 November 10435 October 1056
husband's death
14 December 1077 Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor
Bertha of Savoy, the Holy Roman Empress, was dong a penance barefoot.jpg Bertha of Savoy Otto, Count of Savoy
(Savoy)
21 September 105113 July 106625 June 1080
husband's coronation as King of Italy
27 December 1087 Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor
Alex K Vsevolod I.svg Eupraxia of Kiev Vsevolod I, Grand Prince of Kiev
(Rurikids)
107114 August 10891093
stepson's coronation
20 July 1109
Coat of Arms of the House of Hauteville (according to Agostino Inveges).svg Constanze of Sicily Roger I of Sicily
(Hauteville)
1077–10871095April 1098
husband's deposition
1138 Conrad II of Italy
Empress Mathilda.png Matilda of England Henry I of England
(Normandy)
7 February 11017 January 111423 May 1125
husband's death
10 September 1167 Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor
PictureNameHouseBirthMarriageBecame ConsortCeased to be ConsortDeath Spouse

House of Supplinburg, (1128–1137)

PictureNameHouseBirthMarriageBecame ConsortCeased to be ConsortDeath Spouse
Richenza von Northeim (Konigslutter).jpg Richenza of Northeim Henry, Margrave of Frisia
(Northeim)
1087/8911001128
husband's coronation as King of Italy
4 December 1137
husband's death
10 June 1141 Lothair III, Holy Roman Emperor
PictureNameHouseBirthMarriageBecame ConsortCeased to be ConsortDeath Spouse

House of Hohenstaufen, (1154–1197)

PictureNameHouseBirthMarriageBecame ConsortCeased to be ConsortDeath Spouse
Giovanni Battista Tiepolo 032.jpg Beatrice I, Countess of Burgundy Renaud III, Count of Burgundy
(Ivrea)
11489 June 115615 November 1184 Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor
Constance-Sicily.jpg Constance of Sicily Roger II of Sicily
(Hauteville)
2 November 115427 January 118614 April 1191
husband's coronation as Emperor
28 September 1197
husband's death
27 November 1198 Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor
PictureNameHouseBirthMarriageBecame ConsortCeased to be ConsortDeath Spouse

House of Welf, (1208–1215)

PictureNameHouseBirthMarriageBecame ConsortCeased to be ConsortDeath Spouse
Ota4 zena.jpg Beatrice of Swabia Philip of Swabia
(Hohenstaufen)
April/June 119823 July 121211 August 1212 Otto IV
PictureNameHouseBirthMarriageBecame ConsortCeased to be ConsortDeath Spouse

House of Hohenstaufen, (1212–1250)

PictureNameHouseBirthMarriageBecame ConsortCeased to be Consort ojbor;ph4p[l] ,f[3[3 pm[2Death Spouse
KonstancieAragonska Uhry.jpg Constance of Aragon Alfonso II of Aragón
(Barcelona)
11795 August 12099 December 1212
husband's coronation as Roman king
22 November 1220
husband's coronation as Emperor
23 June 1222 Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor
Yolande of Jerusalem.jpg Isabella II of Jerusalem John of Brienne, King of Jerusalem
(Brienne)
12129 November 122525 April 1228
IsabelaAnglie.gif Isabella of England John of England
(Plantagenet)
121415/20 July 12351 December 1241
Coat of arms of the House of Alerami.svg Bianca Lancia A child of Manfred I Lancia
(Aleramici-Lancia)
c. 1200c. 1244?
Evidence for marriage is dubious
c. 1244
PictureNameHouseBirthMarriageBecame ConsortCeased to be ConsortDeath Spouse

House of Luxembourg, (1308–1313)

PictureNameHouseBirthMarriageBecame ConsortCeased to be ConsortDeath Spouse
Margaret of Brabant.jpg Margaret of Brabant John I, Duke of Brabant
(Leuven)
4 October 12769 July 129227 November 1308
husband's became Roman king
6 January 1311
husband's coronation as King of Italy
14 December 1311 Henry VII, Holy Roman Emperor
PictureNameHouseBirthMarriageBecame ConsortCeased to be ConsortDeath Spouse

House of Wittelsbach, (1327–1347)

PictureNameHouseBirthMarriageBecame ConsortCeased to be ConsortDeath Spouse
Marguerite II de Hainaut.png Margaret, Countess of Hainaut William I, Count of Hainaut
(Avesnes)
c. 131126 February 132423 October 1327
husband's coronation as King of Italy
11 October 1347
husband's death
23 June 1356 Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor
PictureNameHouseBirthMarriageBecame ConsortCeased to be ConsortDeath Spouse

House of Luxembourg, (1355–1437)

PictureNameHouseBirthMarriageBecame ConsortCeased to be ConsortDeath Spouse
Anna von Schweidnitz.jpg Anna of Świdnica Henry II, Duke of Świdnica
(Piast)
c. 133927 May 1353January 1355
husband's coronation as King of Italy
11 July 1362 Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor
Eliska Pomoranska.jpg Elizabeth of Pomerania Bogislaw V, Duke of Pomerania
(Pomerania-Wolgast)
c. 134721 May 136329 November 1378
husband's death
14 February 1393
BarboraCellja.jpg Barbara of Celje Hermann II, Count of Celje
(Celje)
1390/1395140821 July 1411
husband's election as Emperor

25 November 1431
husband's coronation as King

31 May 1433
husband's coronation as Emperor
9 December 1437
husband's death
11 July 1451 Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor
PictureNameHouseBirthMarriageBecame ConsortCeased to be ConsortDeath Spouse

House of Habsburg, (1437–1745)

PictureNameHouseBirthMarriageBecame ConsortCeased to be ConsortDeath Spouse
4G7FM PL0062-20.jpg Leonor of Portugal Edward of Portugal
(Aviz)
18 September 143416 March 145219 March 1452
husband's coronation as Emperor
3 September 1467 Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor
Tizian 057.jpg Isabella of Portugal Manuel I of Portugal
(Aviz)
23 October 150310 March 152624 February 1530
husband's coronation as Emperor
1 May 1539 Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor
Charles V was the last emperor to be crowned king of Italy or to officially use the title. [1] The Habsburg emperors claimed the Italian crown until 1801. The empire continued to include Italian territories until its dissolution in 1806.
PictureNameHouseBirthMarriageBecame ConsortCeased to be ConsortDeath Spouse

House of Bonaparte, (1805–1814)

PictureNameFatherBirthMarriageBecame ConsortCeased to be ConsortDeath Spouse
Detail 12.JPG Joséphine de Beauharnais Joseph-Gaspard Tascher de la Pagerie
(Tascher de la Pagerie)
23 June 17639 March 179626 May 1805
husband's ascension
10 January 1810
divorce
29 May 1814 Napoleon I
Marie Louise of Austria by Guerin detail.jpg Marie Louise of Austria Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor
(Habsburg-Lorraine)
12 December 17911 April 18106 April 1814
husband's abdication
17 December 1847
PictureNameFatherBirthMarriageBecame ConsortCeased to be ConsortDeath Spouse

House of Savoy, (1861–1946)

PictureNameFatherBirthMarriageBecame ConsortCeased to be ConsortDeath Spouse
Queen Margharitha di Savoia.jpg Margherita of Savoy-Genoa Ferdinand, 1st Duke of Genoa
(Savoy)
20 November 185121 April 18689 January 1878
husband's accession
29 July 1900
husband's death
4 January 1926 Umberto I
Bundesarchiv Bild 102-00061, Elena von Montenegro.jpg Elena of Montenegro Nicholas I of Montenegro
(Petrović-Njegoš)
8 January 187324 October 189629 July 1900
husband's accession
9 May 1946
husband's abdication
28 November 1952 Victor Emmanuel III
Mariia Zhoze Bel'giiskaia, koroleva Italii.jpg Marie-José of Belgium Albert I of Belgium
(Saxe-Coburg and Gotha)
4 August 19068 January 19309 May 1946
husband's accession
12 June 1946
monarchy abolished
27 January 2001 Umberto II
PictureNameFatherBirthMarriageBecame ConsortCeased to be ConsortDeath Spouse

See also

Notes

  1. Lodovico Antonio Muratori, Giuseppe Oggeri Vincenti, Annali d'Italia , 1788, pp. 78–81.

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