List of Volvo Car production plants

The following list includes manufacturing and assembly plants wholly owned or wholly operated by the Volvo Car Corporation, in addition to joint-venture plants in which Volvo Car held equity stakes.

The list excludes plants belonging to AB Volvo and Volvo Car parent companies, as well as contract assembly plants in which Volvo Car held no equity stake.

List of Volvo Car manufacturing, assembly and joint-venture plants
Name		WMI [N 1]	Plant code [N 2]	Location	Commenced production	Notable milestones	Operational scale [N 3]	Production (2010)	Markets served
	Lundby Plant			Lundby, Sweden	1927–1973	First Volvo Car plant	Manufacturing		Worldwide
						Debut model: Volvo ÖV 4 [1]
						Purchased from SKF (1930) [1]
						Transferred to Volvo Trucks and Volvo Penta
	Torslanda Plant Volvo Cars Torslanda (VCT)	YV1	1	Torslanda, Sweden	1962–present	Second Volvo Car plant	Manufacturing	XC60, S60, V60, V60 Cross Country, V90, V90 Cross Country, XC90	Worldwide
						Debut model: Volvo Amazon
	Dartmouth Plant			Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, Canada	1963–1967 [2]	First Volvo Car plant outside Sweden [3]	Assembly [2]		Canada
						Third non-domestic automobile plant in North America
						Debut model: Volvo Canadian [4]
						Canadian assembly shifted to Halifax Plant (1967) [2]
	Ghent Plant Volvo Car Gent (VCG)	YV1	2	Ghent, Belgium	1965–present	Second Volvo Car plant outside Sweden	Assembly (1965–1972) Manufacturing (1972–present)	XC40, V60, EX30, EC40	Worldwide
						Debut model: Volvo Amazon
						Previously named Volvo Cars Europe Industry (1965–2007)
	Halifax Plant Volvo Halifax Assembly (VHA)		3	Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada	1967–1987 [2]	Debut model: Volvo 144	Assembly [2]		Canada, United States
						Canadian assembly shifted to Bayers Lake Assembly Plant (1987) [2]
	Shah Alam Plant Volvo Car Manufacturing Malaysia (VCMM)	PNV	5	Shah Alam, Malaysia	1967–present	First Volvo Car plant in Asia	Manufacturing [5]	XC40, S60, XC60, S90, XC90, C40, EX30	Southeast Asia, Taiwan
						First automobile plant in Malaysia [6]
						Debut model: Volvo 144 [7]
						Previously named Swedish Motor Assemblies (SMA) (1966–2012) [7]
	Kalmar Plant Volvo Kalmar Assembly (VKA)	YV1	0	Kalmar, Sweden	1974–1994	Third Volvo Car plant in Sweden	Manufacturing		Worldwide
						Debut model: Volvo 164
						Shut down (1994)
	Born Plant Netherlands Car (NedCar)	XLB YV1	F	Born, Netherlands	1975–2004	Purchased from DAF (1975)	Manufacturing		Worldwide
						Debut model: Volvo 66
						Sold to Mitsubishi Motors (2001)
	Samut Prakan Plant Thai-Swedish Assembly (TSA)			Samut Prakan, Thailand	1976–2011 [8] [5]	Debut model: Volvo 240 [8]	Assembly [9]		Southeast Asia
						Sold to AB Volvo (2008) [10] [11] [5]
	Bayers Lake Assembly Plant			Clayton Park, Nova Scotia, Canada	1987–1998 [2]	Debut model: Volvo 740 [12]	Assembly [2]		Canada, United States
						Shut down (1998) [13]
	Uddevalla Plant Auto Nova Plant(1995–2003) Pininfarina Sverige(2003–2013)	YV1	J	Uddevalla, Sweden	1988–1993 [14] 1997–2013	Debut model: Volvo 740 [14]	Custom		Worldwide
						Pioneered a new approach to automobile assembly
						Production halted in 1993 [14]
						Resumed production in 1997 as Auto Nova through a joint venture between Volvo Cars and Tom Walkinshaw Racing [14]
						Became Pininfarina Sverige in 2003 through a joint venture between Volvo Cars and Pininfarina [14]
						Shut down (2013)
	Bengaluru Plant	YV1		Bengaluru, India	2007–present	First Volvo Car Assembly plant in India and joint venture with Ghent, Belgium	Assembly (2007–present) Manufacturing (2014–present)	XC90, S60, XC60, S90	India
	Chengdu Plant Zhongjia Automobile Manufacturing (Chengdu) (ZAMC)	LYV	B	Chengdu, China	2013–present [15]	First Volvo Car plant in China [15]	Manufacturing	S60, XC60, EX90, EX30	Worldwide
	Daqing Plant Daqing Volvo Car Manufacturing (DVCM)	LVY	P	Daqing, China	2014–present	Debut model: Volvo XC90 Classic	Manufacturing	S90, S90L	Worldwide
						Commenced S90 exports to Europe via rail network (2017) [16]
						S90 worldwide production hub will shift from Torslanda to Daqing [17]
	Volvo Car Charleston Plant Volvo Car US Operations (VCCH)	7JR [18]	G [18]	Ridgeville, South Carolina, United States	2018–present [19]	First Volvo Car plant in the United States [20]	Manufacturing [20]	EX90, Polestar 3	Worldwide
						Produced SPA-based S60 model [20]
	Luqiao Plant (CMA Super Factory) Zhejiang Kingkong Automobile Co. Ltd. (ZKA)			Luqiao, China	2019–present	Will produce CMA-based 40 series models [17]	Manufacturing	XC40, Polestar 2	Worldwide
						First Lynk & Co plant [17]
	Polestar Plant	LPS	B	Chengdu, China	2019–2021	First Polestar plant [21]	Manufacturing	Polestar 1	Worldwide

Notes

1. The first three characters of the vehicle identification number (VIN).
2. The eleventh character of the vehicle identification number (VIN).
3. Legend
   
   Manufacturing : This plant manufactures cars (includes body stamping). The majority of parts and components are sourced locally. This plant is highly automated.
   
   Assembly : This plant assembles cars (does not include body stamping). The majority of parts and components are imported or sourced from knock-down (SKD or CKD) kits. This plant is not highly automated.

References

1. "History of the Volvo Car". Volvo Car Corporation. 29 June 2017. Archived from the original on 29 June 2017. Retrieved 29 June 2017.
2. A. J. Jacobs (2016). The New Domestic Automakers in the United States and Canada: History, Impacts, and Prospects. Lexington Books. p. 38. ISBN   978-0-7391-8825-5 . Retrieved 29 June 2017.
3. "1960-1969: A historical review". www.media.volvocars.com. Volvo Car Corporation. 8 January 2003. Archived from the original on 29 June 2017. Retrieved 29 June 2017.
4. A. J. Jacobs (2016). The New Domestic Automakers in the United States and Canada: History, Impacts, and Prospects. Lexington Books. p. 39. ISBN   978-0-7391-8825-5 . Retrieved 29 June 2017.
5. "Volvo makes Malaysia into ASEAN manufacturing hub". www.ihssupplierinsight.com. IHS Markit. 26 October 2012. Archived from the original on 28 June 2017. Retrieved 28 June 2017.
6. Chris Ng (7 September 2016). "Take a look inside the oldest car factory in Malaysia Part 1". carmalaysia.my. Archived from the original on 14 June 2017. Retrieved 29 June 2017.
7. "Dr. Lim to open first motor assembly plant in Malaysia". The Straits Times. 17 February 1968. Retrieved 29 June 2017.
8. Kōnosuke Odaka (1983). The Motor Vehicle Industry in Asia: A Study of Ancillary Firm Development. Singapore University Press. p. 206. ISBN   9971-69-057-8 . Retrieved 28 June 2017.
9. "A look inside Volvo's Thai assembly plant". auto-asia.com. 7 December 2000. Archived from the original on 17 May 2005. Retrieved 28 June 2017.
10. Santan Santivimolnat (10 December 2008). "Volvo plans truck expansion" (PDF). bangkokpost.com. Archived (PDF) from the original on 28 June 2017. Retrieved 28 June 2017.
11. Santan Santivimolnat (20 April 2012). "UD trucks target 15% market share". Bangkok Post. Retrieved 28 June 2017.
12. A. J. Jacobs (2016). The New Domestic Automakers in the United States and Canada: History, Impacts, and Prospects. Lexington Books. p. 41. ISBN   978-0-7391-8825-5 . Retrieved 29 June 2017.
13. A. J. Jacobs (2016). The New Domestic Automakers in the United States and Canada: History, Impacts, and Prospects. Lexington Books. p. 42. ISBN   978-0-7391-8825-5 . Retrieved 29 June 2017.
14. A. J. Jacobs (2016). The New Domestic Automakers in the United States and Canada: History, Impacts, and Prospects. Lexington Books. p. 306. ISBN   978-0-7391-8825-5 . Retrieved 29 June 2017.
15. "New Volvo Cars manufacturing plant in Chengdu: Delivering on global Volvo quality and manufacturing standards". media.volvocars.com. Volvo Car Corporation. 5 June 2013. Archived from the original on 28 June 2017. Retrieved 28 June 2017.
16. "First China-built Volvo S90 sedans arrive in Europe via ground-breaking rail link". media.volvocars.com. Volvo Car Corporation. 30 May 2017. Archived from the original on 28 June 2017. Retrieved 28 June 2017.
17. "Volvo Cars expands production in China and unveils new China strategy". media.volvocars.com. Volvo Car Corporation. 2 November 2016. Archived from the original on 28 June 2017. Retrieved 28 June 2017.
18. "Updated 49 CFR Part 565 "Vehicle Identification Number" for MY 2019 Volvo vehicles".
19. Talon Homer (23 September 2018). "First american-built Volvos begin production in South Carolina" . www.thedrive.com. Retrieved 4 October 2018.
20. Diana T. Kurylko (1 August 2016). "Volvo's catch-up game". autonews.com. Archived from the original on 27 June 2017. Retrieved 27 June 2017.
21. Alborz Fallah (18 October 2017). "Volvo's Polestar moves production to China". www.caradvice.com.au. Archived from the original on 17 October 2017. Retrieved 18 October 2017.