List of attacks against Israeli civilians before 1967

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This article deals with acts of Palestinian political violence against Israeli civilians between the establishment of the 1949 Armistice Agreements and the 1967 Six-Day War.

Contents

Prior to Israel's occupation of the West Bank and Gaza Strip in the Six-Day War, these areas, originally destined for a Palestinian state, were under Jordanian, and Egyptian occupation. Palestinians crossed the border for a variety of reasons. This resulted in confrontation with Israeli military and border guards, from 1949 to 1956 about 500 Israelis died, half of them combatants, and between 2,700 and 5,000 Palestinians. [1] Simultaneously, a variety of Israeli military attacks targeted Palestinian fedayeen, Egyptian and Jordanian military forces in the Gaza Strip, West Bank and Jordan, in response to the Arab offensive.

A number of fedayeen attacks deliberately targeted civilians, causing many deaths and serious injuries and disrupting daily life. Israel's Ministry of Foreign Affairs [2] describes the following events as terrorist attacks, although most media reports of that time refer to them as 'fedayeen' attacks.[ citation needed ]

Border conflict, 1951-1956

Scorpions Pass Massacre Maale Akrabim Massacre.jpg
Scorpions Pass Massacre

Suez Crisis, October 1956-March 1957

Border conflict, 1957-1967

Related Research Articles

Note: This compilation includes only those attacks that resulted in casualties. Attacks which did not kill or wound are not included.

Note: The death toll quoted here is just the sum of the listings. There may be many omissions from the list. The human rights organisation B'Tselem has complied statistics of about 600 deaths during 2003 in the occupied territories alone.

This page is a partial listing of incidents of violence in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict in 2004.

This page is a partial listing of incidents of violence in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict in 2005.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Timeline of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict in 2008</span>

In 2008, Israel sought to halt the rocket and mortar fire from Gaza that killed four Israeli civilians that year and caused widespread trauma and disruption of life in Israeli towns and villages close to the Gaza border. In addition, Israel insisted that any deal include an end to Hamas's military buildup in Gaza, and movement toward the release of Corporal Gilad Shalit. Hamas wanted an end to the frequent Israeli military strikes and incursions into Gaza, and an easing of the economic blockade that Israel has imposed since Hamas took over the area in 2007.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jordan–Israel Mixed Armistice Commission</span> United Nations organisation of observers

Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan/Israel Mixed Armistice Commission was the United Nations organisation of observers which dealt with complaints from Jordan and Israel to maintain the fragile cease fire along the demarcation line between Israel and Jordan. At the closing of the 1948 Arab-Israeli War, on 3 April 1949, the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan signed a truce with Israel called the 1949 Armistice Agreements. The United Nations Truce Supervision Organization posted Military Observers as part of the Mixed Armistice Commissions (MACs) to Observe the truce on the Cease fire line and to liaise with the Israeli and Jordanian local area commanders. While the 1948 war was concluded with the 1949 Armistice Agreements it has not marked the end of the Arab–Israeli conflict. The HKJ/IMAC was the organisation which monitored the Jordan/Israel truce agreement, the HJK/IMAC Headquarters was located in Jerusalem close to the Green Line and, through close liaison with the UNTSO headquarters in Government House, Jerusalem, was charged with supervising the truce, investigating border incidents, and taking remedial action to prevent the recurrence of such incidents along the Jordan/Israel Green Line.

The 1952 raid on Beit Jala was a part of the reprisal operations that were carried out by Israel in response to Arab fedayeen attacks from across the Green Line. It involved an Israeli incursion into Beit Jala, a town in the Jordanian-annexed West Bank, on 6 January 1952, after which three houses were rigged with explosives and subsequently blown up; the attack killed seven civilian residents. After the attack, the perpetrators left leaflets at the site that were written in Arabic and explained the nature of the killings as a "penalty" for the earlier rape and murder of an Israeli Jewish girl by Palestinian Arab infiltrators, who were supposedly locals of Beit Jala, in the neighbourhood of Bayit VeGan in Jerusalem.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Reprisal operations</span> Military operations by Israel in response to Arab fedayeen attacks

Reprisal operations were raids carried out by the Israel Defense Forces in the 1950s and 1960s in response to frequent fedayeen attacks during which armed Arab militants infiltrated Israel from Syria, Egypt, and Jordan to carry out attacks on Israeli civilians and soldiers. Most of the reprisal operations followed raids that resulted in Israeli fatalities. The goal of these operations – from the perspective of Israeli officials – was to create deterrence and prevent future attacks. Two other factors behind the raids were restoring public morale and training newly formed army units. A number of these operations involved attacking villages and Palestinian civilians in the West Bank, including the 1953 Qibya massacre.

Events in the year 2002 in Israel.

Events in the year 1966 in Israel.

Events in the year 1965 in Israel.

Events in the year 1957 in Israel.

Events in the year 1956 in Israel.

Events in the year 1955 in Israel.

Events in the year 1954 in Israel.

Events in the year 1953 in Israel.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1938 in Mandatory Palestine</span>

Events in the year 1938 in the British Mandate of Palestine.

The Yehud attack was an attack on a civilian house in the village of Yehud carried out by a Palestinian fedayeen squad on 12 October 1953. Three Israeli Jewish civilians, a mother and her infant children, were killed in the attack.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Negev desert road ambush</span> 1956 attack on Israeli civilians by Palestinian Arab fedayeen

The Negev desert road ambush was a terrorist attack which occurred on Thursday, 4 October 1956 at Highway 25, Israel when a squad of 10 armed Palestinian fedayeen fired at two civilian vehicles. As a result, 5 Israeli civilians were killed and 1 was injured.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Palestinian Fedayeen insurgency</span> Armed cross-border conflict (1949–1956)

The Palestinian Fedayeen insurgency was an armed cross-border conflict, which peaked between 1949 and 1956, involving Israel and Palestinian militants, mainly based in the Gaza Strip, under the nominal control, of the All-Palestine Protectorate – a Palestinian client-state of Egypt declared in October 1948, which became the focal point of the Palestinian fedayeen activity. The conflict was parallel to the Palestinian infiltration phenomenon. Hundreds were killed in the course of the conflict, which declined after the 1956 Suez War.

References

  1. Benny Morris, The Birth of the Palestinian Refugee Problem Revisited, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, England, 2004, provides the most up-to-date breakdown of the reasons for the flight
  2. "Which Came First- Terrorism or Occupation - Major Arab Terrorist Attacks against Israelis Prior to the 1967 Six-Day War". Israeli Ministry of Foreign Affairs. 31 March 2002.
  3. Morris, Benny (1997). Israel's Border Wars, 1949–1956: Arab Infiltration, Israeli Retaliation, and the Countdown to the Suez War. Oxford University Press. p. 61. ISBN   0-19-829262-7 . Retrieved 2012-11-10.
  4. Morris, Benny (1993) Israel's Border Wars, 1949 - 1956. Arab infiltration, Israeli retaliation, and the countdown to the Suez War. Oxford University Press, ISBN   0-19-827850-0. Page 203.
  5. "VIOLENT TRUCE ARAB-ISRAELI CONFLICT 1951-1955". THE DEVIN - ADAIR COMPANY. May 20, 1956 via Internet Archive.
  6. Kennet Love, Suez, New York 1969, cited Noam Chomsky Peace in the Middle east?, (1974) 1975 p.166 n.20
  7. E H Hutchison “Violent Truce” p. 66-69
  8. Report dated 19 June 1954 by the Chief of Staff of the United Nations Truce Supervision Organization in Palestine to the Secretary-General concerning the Scorpion Pass incident UN Doc S/3252 Archived 23 November 2001 at the Wayback Machine
  9. UN Doc S/4030 Archived 2007-02-12 at the Wayback Machine of 17 June 1958, Report by the UNTSO of the Firing Incident of 26 May 1958 on Mount Scopus