List of filename extensions (M–R)

Last updated

This alphabetical list of filename extensions contains extensions of notable file formats used by multiple notable applications or services.

Contents

M

Ext.DescriptionUsed by
M [1] Mathematica Package File Mathematica
MMATLAB M-File MATLAB
MMercury Source File Mercury
M [2] Source code Objective-C
M2TS BDAV MPEG-2 transport stream
M3U MPEG Audio Layer 3 Uniform Resource Locator playlistMedia players
M3U8 MPEG Audio Layer 3 Uniform Resource Locator playlist, using UTF-8 encodingMedia players
M3U MPEG Audio Layer 3 Uniform Resource Locator playlistMedia players
M4A MPEG-4 Part 14 audio iTunes Store
M4P DRM-encumbered MPEG-4 Part 14 media iTunes Store (formerly)
M4RSee M4A Apple iPhone ringtones
M4V MPEG-4 Part 14 video, which may optionally be encumbered by FairPlay DRM iTunes Store, Handbrake
M64 Mupen64 gameplay recording [3] Mupen64
MAAutodesk Maya scene description format. The native format of the Maya modeling, animation, and rendering software. [4]
MATMATLAB MAT-files. The native data format of the MATLAB numerical computation software. Stores numerical matrices, Boolean values, or strings. Also stores sparse arrays, nested structures, and more. [5] MATLAB and Octave
MBOXUnix mailbox format. Holds a collection of email messages. Native archive format of email clients such as Unix mail, Thunderbird, and many others. [6]
MCF [7] Multimedia Container Format (predecessor of Matroska)
MD [8] Markdown-formatted text file Markdown
MDBMDB database file. The native format of the Microsoft Access database application. Used in conjunction with the Access relational database management system and as an exchange format. [9] Microsoft Access
MDF [10] Master Data File, a Microsoft SQL Server file type Microsoft SQL Server
MDFMeasurement Data Format, a binary file format for vector measurement data [11] automotive industry, developed by Robert Bosch GmbH
MDI Document save in high-resolution, created by MSOffice to scan documents (OCR) and turn them into a .DOC Microsoft Office
MDG Digital Geometry (Programmable CAD) file format, developed by DInsight Digital Geometric Kernel
MDLModel3D Design Plus or Simulink
MDS Midi SessionSound Imp.
MEX [12] MEX file (executable command)Matlab
MGFWolfram System MGF bitmap format. Used by the Wolfram System user interface for storing raster images. MGF is an acronym for Mathematica Graphics Format. [13]
MGF [14] Materials and Geometry Format
MHT MIME encapsulation of aggregate HTML documents Web Browsers
MID Standard MIDI filemusic synthetizers, Winamp
MKA Matroska audio
MKV Matroska video
MM [2] Source code Objective-C++
MMLMathML mathematical markup language. Used for integrating mathematical formulas in web documents. Rendering of embedded MathML is supported by a number of browsers and browser additions. [15]
MNTSurface metrology or image analysis document MountainsMap
MOModelica models. File format specified by the Modelica Association. [16]
MOBI [17] eBook Mobipocket, Kindle
MODAMPL model file AMPL
MOD Modula language source
MOD Modula-2 source code fileClarion Modula-2
MODTracker file format created for Ultimate Soundtracker for the Amiga MOD (file format)
MODMOD is recording format for use in digital tapeless camcorders. MOD and TOD
MODULESModule GTK+
MOEsame as Modelica Model .mo.
MOL MDL Molfile RasMol
MOL2 [18] [19] Tripos Sybyl MOL2 FormatSYBYL, RasMol
MOPMOPAC input file MOPAC, RasMol
MOV [20] Animation format (Mac) QuickTime, AutoCAD AutoFlix
MP2 [21] [22] MPEG audio file Winamp, xing
MP3 [23] [24] MPEG audio stream, layer 3AWAVE, CoolEdit(+PlugIn), Winamp, many others
MP4 [25] multimedia container format, MPEG 4 Part 14 Winamp
MPAMPEG audio stream, layer 1,2,3AWAVE
MPC Musepack audio
MPDLDraw file (multi-part DAT file) LDraw
MPEG [26] [27] [28] multimedia containter format, video, audioMPEG Player, Winamp
MPGsee MPEG
MPSMPS linear programming system format (.mps) [29] Commonly used as input format by LP solvers. MPS is an acronym for Mathematical Programming System. [30]
MSCmanagement saved console [31] Microsoft; Microsoft MMC [32]
MSAVMindustry map file Mindustry [33]
MSDL [34] Manchester Scene Description Language
MSF [35] [36] Multiple sequence file (Pileup format)
MSIWindows Installer Package Microsoft Windows
MSO Microsoft Outlook metadata for a Microsoft Word 2000 email attachment [37] Microsoft Outlook
MSSTYLESWindows visual style file Microsoft Windows
MSUMicrosoft Update Package Microsoft Windows
MTSSee M2TS
MXWolfram Language serialized package format (.mx) [29] Wolfram Language serialized package format. Used for the distribution of Wolfram Language packages. Stores arbitrary Wolfram Language expressions in a serialized format optimized for fast loading. [38]
MXF [39] [40] Material exchange format (RFC 4539, SMPTE 377M)
MYDa MyISAM data file in MySQL MyISAM, MySQL
MYIa MyISAM index file in MySQL MyISAM, MySQL
MRA Engine Simulator engine save file [41] Engine Simulator

N

Ext.DescriptionUsed by
NBWolfram Mathematica Notebook (see Wolfram Language) Mathematica
NCBinary Data netCDF software package
NCInstructions for NC (Numerical Control) machineCAMS
NCName code programnamec-git/namec software package
NCDNC Drill File (Excellon Format, printed circuit board hole definitions)Most PCB layout software
NDKNDK seismologic file format. Commonly used for storage and exchange of earthquake data. Stores geographical information and wave measurements for individual seismological events. [42]
NDSNintendo DS file. Used for Homebrew and official games.Nintendo DS Consoles and Emulators
NEF [43] Nikon RAW image format Nikon cameras
NETPajek graph data format (.net) [29] Pajek graph language and data format. Commonly used exchange format for graphs. The native format of the Pajek network analysis software. The format name is Slovenian for spider. [44] Pajek network analysis software
NEUPro/Engineer neutral file formatPTC Pro/Engineer
NEXNEXUS phylogenetic format (.nex, .nxs) [29] Commonly used for storage and exchange of phylogenetic data. Can store DNA and protein sequences, taxa distances, alignment scores, and phylogenetic trees. [45]
NFInstructions for NC machine made by TRUMPF TRUMPF
NFO iNFO for accompanying media files Kodi, Plex
NIMNim source code file Nim
NMF Node Map File Used by SpicyNodes
NOFF3D object file format with normals (.noff, .cnoff) [29] NOFF is an acronym derived from Object File Format. Occasionally called CNOFF if color information is present. [46]
NPRNuendo Project File Steinberg Nuendo
NRONintendo Switch executable file
NRW [47] Nikon Coolpix RAW image Nikon
NRXNetRexx Script File NetRexx
NS1NetStumbler file NetStumbler
NSAmedia Nullsoft Streaming Audio
NSF NES sound format fileTransfer of NES music data [48]
NSVmedia Nullsoft Streaming Video
NUMBERSNumbers spreadsheet file Numbers
NWD, NWFNavisworks 3D drawing Navisworks
NXSSame as NEXUS (.nex, .nxs). See NEX above for more details. NEXUS phylogenetic format (.nex, .nxs) [29]

O

Ext.DescriptionUsed by
O Object file UNIX - Atari - GCC
OBJCompiled machine language code
OBJObject codeIntel Relocatable Object Module
OBJ Wavefront Object
OBSScriptObjectScript
OCXOLE custom control
ODB [49] Database front end document OpenDocument, LibreOffice
ODF [49] Formula, mathematical equations OpenDocument, LibreOffice
ODG [49] Drawings and vector graphics OpenDocument, LibreOffice, Collabora Online
ODP [49] Presentations OpenDocument, LibreOffice, Collabora Online
ODS [49] OpenDocument spreadsheet format (.ods) [29] OpenDocument, LibreOffice, Collabora Online
ODT [49] Text (Word processing) documents OpenDocument, LibreOffice, Collabora Online
OFF3D object file format (.off, .coff) [29] OFF is an acronym for Object File Format. Used for storing and exchanging 3D models. [50]
OGAAudio file in the Ogg container format libogg
OGG Vorbis audio in the Ogg container format libogg
OGVVideo file in the Ogg container format libogg
OGXOgg Multiplex Profile libogg
OPUSOgg/Opus audio file mpv, mplayer, many others (official file format).
ORGEmacs Org mode Emacs Org mode major mode
ORGOlder Origin Project Origin versions 4 or earlier
OSCOpenStreetMap Changeset OpenStreetMap
OSK Osu! Skin Osu!
OSMOpenStreetMap data OpenStreetMap
OSMOpenStreetMap note OpenStreetMap
OST Offline Storage Table Microsoft e-mail software: Outlook Express, Microsoft Outlook
OSZ Osu! Beatmap Osu!
OTB Over-the-air bitmap graphics
OTF OpenType font
OTLThe Vim OutlinerA vim plugin
OTF [49] Formula, mathematical equations template OpenDocument, LibreOffice, Collabora Online
OTG [49] Drawings and vector graphics template OpenDocument, LibreOffice, Collabora Online
OTP [49] Presentations template OpenDocument, LibreOffice, Collabora Online
OTS [49] Spreadsheets template OpenDocument, LibreOffice, Collabora Online
OTT [49] Text (Word processing) documents template OpenDocument, LibreOffice, Collabora Online
OV2Overlay file (part of program to be loaded when needed) TomTom Point of Interest
OWL [51] [52] Web ontology language (OWL) file Protégé and other ontology editors
OXT OpenOffice.org extension OpenOffice.org / LibreOffice

P

Ext.DescriptionUsed by
PDatabase PROGRESS source code PROGRESS
P PASCAL source code file
P Parser source code file
P8 PICO-8 Game File PICO-8
P10Certificate Request
P12Personal Information Exchange"Crypto Shell Extensions"
PACK [53] Pack200 Packed Jar File
PAGESPages document file Pages
PAKArchivePak
PALPaint Shop Pro color palette (JASC format) PaintShop Pro, XnView
PAM PAM Portable Arbitrary Map graphics format Netpbm
PAPAFlipline Studio's game backups like JackSmith, Papa's Wingeria verion 1.2+, Papa's Pancakeria version 1.4+ [54]
PAR Parity Archive [55]
PAR2 Parity Archive v2 [56]
PARAMSMXNet net representation format (.json, .params) [29] Underlying format of the MXNet deep learning framework, used by the Wolfram Language. Networks saved as MXNet are stored as two separate file: a .json file specifying the network topology and a .params file specifying the numeric arrays used in the network. [57]
PASPascal language sourceBorland Pascal
PAX pax archive file pax, GNU Tar
PBLIBPower Library PowerBASIC
PBMASCII portable bitmap format (.pbm) [29] PBM monochrome raster image format. Member of the Portable family of image formats. Related to PGM and PPM. Native format of the Netpbm graphics software package. [58] Netpbm graphics software package
PBOA file type used by Bohemia Interactive Arma 3, PBO Manager
PCAPNetwork packet capture format (.pcap) [29] [59] WireShark [60]
PCL [61] [62] HP-PCL graphics data fileHP Printer Command Language
PCSPCSurvey file PCSurvey by Softart - Land Surveying Software
PCX PC Paintbrush file PC Paintbrush
PDB [63] debugging data Microsoft Windows
PDB [64] Molecule (protein data bank)
PDE Processing source code file Processing programming language
PDF Adobe's Portable Document Format Adobe Acrobat Reader
PDI Portable Database Image
PDM Program Deskmate
PDM PowerDesigner's physical data model (relational model) file format PowerDesigner
PDM Visual Basic (VB) Project Information File Visual Basic
PDNImage file Paint.NET
PDS PALASM Design Description
PDS Planetary Data System Format
PEMA text-based certificate file defined in RFC 1421 through RFC 1424 [65] Applications that need to use cryptographic certificates, including web-servers
petpackage [66] Puppy Linux
PFAPostScript Font File
PFAType 3 font file (unhinted PostScript font)
PFAMPFAM format [67]
PFBPostScript fontAdobe Type Manager (ATM)
PFC (Personal Filing Cabinet) contains e-mail, preferences and other personal information AOL
PFM [68] PostScript Type 1 font metric file Microsoft Windows, Adobe Acrobat Reader
PFM [68] Windows Type 1 font metric file
PGN [69] Portable Game Notation -Text specification for Chess gameMost chess playing computer applications
PFXAn encrypted certificate file [65] Applications that need to use cryptographic certificates, including web-servers
PHFDatabase FileNuverb Systems Inc: Donarius
PHNPhun scene Algodoo (previously Phun)
PHP PHP file
PHP3 PHP 3 file
PHP4 PHP 4 file
PHRPhrasesLocoScript
PHYPhylip format [67]
PHZAlgodoo scene Algodoo
PI2Portrait Innovations High Resolution Encrypted Image filePortrait Innovations Studio2 (proprietary)
PIEGlovePIE script file GlovePIE
PIRPIR format [67]
PITCompressed Mac file archive created by PACKITunpackit.zoo
PIT Partition Information Table for Samsung's smartphone with Android Odin3
PK3 Quake III engine game data
PKL Pickle file Python object serialization
PKAArchivePKARC
PL Perl source code file
PL Prolog source code file
PL IRAF pixel list IRAF astronomical data format
PLI PL/I source filePL/I compilers
PLR Terraria player/character file Terraria
PLS Multimedia Playlist, primarily for streaming Shoutcast, IceCast, others
PM [70] Perl module
PMA PMarc Archive
PMPPenguinMod Project filePenguinMod's project file
PNG Portable Network Graphics fileWeb browsers, image viewing and editing applications
POM [71] Build manager configuration fileApache Maven POM file
PPEGparsimonious PEG grammar parsimonious parser generator
PPTX MS Office Open-XML Presentation Microsoft PowerPoint [72]
PPSX MS Office Open-XML Auto-Play Presentation Microsoft PowerPoint
PRJ Mkd (Unix command) Mkd project file to extract documentation
PROPERTIESConfiguration file format. Commonly used in Java projects. Associates string keys to string values. [73]
PROTO [74] Message specificationGoogle Protocol Buffers
PRPPlasma Registry Page Plasma (engine)
PSAdobe Postscript file PostScript
PSD [75] Photoshop native file format Adobe Photoshop
PSDCPhotoshop Cloud Document Adobe Photoshop
PSM1 [76] Windows Powershell module Windows Powershell
PSPPALETTE [77] Paint Shop Pro color palette (JASC format) Paint Shop Pro 8.0 and newer
PSTArchive File Microsoft Outlook
PS1Windows Powershell script [76] Windows PowerShell
PTF PlayStation Portable Theme file PSP Theme settings menu
PTF Pro Tools Session File Digidesign/Avid Pro Tools version 7 up to version 9
PTS Pro Tools Session File Digidesign Pro Tools (legacy version)
PTX Pro Tools Session File Avid Pro Tools version 10 or later
PUBPublic key ring filePretty Good Privacy RSA System
PUP [35] [36] Pileup format
PYPython script file Python (programming language)

Q

Ext.DescriptionUsed by
QFX Quicken-specific implementation of the OFX specificationIntuit Quicken
QIF [78] Quicken Interchange FormatIntuit Quicken
QLC [68] ATM Type 1 fonts scriptAdobe Type Manager
QOIQuite OK Image FormatWeb browsers, image viewing and editing applications
QT QuickTime movie (animation)
QTVR QuickTime VR Movie

|- | QSS |QT Style Sheet |QT Python GUI library

R

Ext.DescriptionUsed by
R Ratfor file Ratfor
RScript file R
R00, R01, ...Part of a multi-file RAR archive RAR
R2DReflex 2 datafileReflex 2
R3DRed Raw Video (raw video data created with a Red camera) Red Camera
R8PPCL 4 bitmap font file Intellifont
RAD2-op FM musicReality AdLib Tracker
RADRadianceRadiance
RALRemote Access Language fileRemote Access
RAMRamfile RealAudio
RAPFlowchart RAPTOR
RAR ArchiveRAR
RAS Graphics formatSUN Raster
RB Ruby Script file
RBXL Roblox Experience fileRoblox Studio
RCConfiguration file emacs, Vim (text editor), Bash (Unix shell)
RC [79] Resource Compiler script fileMicrosoft C/C++, Borland C++
RDP [80] RDP connection Remote Desktop connection
RDS [81] Data fileR
RES [82] Compiled resourceMicrosoft C/C++, Borland C++
REX, REXX Rexx Script file ooRexx
RKT Racket language source file DrRacket integrated development environment (IDE) for the Racket (programming language)
RM [83] RealMediaRealPlayer
RMD [84] R Markdown RStudio
RMVB [85] RealMedia Variable BitrateRealPlayer
RobRobot4 (TM) Input file format Robot4 software
ROL AdLib Piano RollAdLib Visual Composer
RPM RPM software package Red Hat Linux, the Linux Standard Base and several other operating systems
RS Rust language source
RSAHarwell–Boeing matrix format. Used for exchanging and storing sparse matrices. [86]
RSL, RSLS, RSLFResilio Sync File Placeholder
RST reStructuredText Docutils
RTF [87] [88] [89] Rich Text Format text file (help file script)many - Microsoft Word
RUAsame as RSA
RUNAMPL script file AMPL
RUNMakeself shell self-extracting archive shell

See also

Related Research Articles

The Rich Text Format is a proprietary document file format with published specification developed by Microsoft Corporation from 1987 until 2008 for cross-platform document interchange with Microsoft products. Prior to 2008, Microsoft published updated specifications for RTF with major revisions of Microsoft Word and Office versions.

Network File System (NFS) is a distributed file system protocol originally developed by Sun Microsystems (Sun) in 1984, allowing a user on a client computer to access files over a computer network much like local storage is accessed. NFS, like many other protocols, builds on the Open Network Computing Remote Procedure Call system. NFS is an open IETF standard defined in a Request for Comments (RFC), allowing anyone to implement the protocol.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Network Time Protocol</span> Standard protocol for synchronizing time across devices

The Network Time Protocol (NTP) is a networking protocol for clock synchronization between computer systems over packet-switched, variable-latency data networks. In operation since before 1985, NTP is one of the oldest Internet protocols in current use. NTP was designed by David L. Mills of the University of Delaware.

WebDAV is a set of extensions to the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), which allows user agents to collaboratively author contents directly in an HTTP web server by providing facilities for concurrency control and namespace operations, thus allowing Web to be viewed as a writeable, collaborative medium and not just a read-only medium. WebDAV is defined in RFC 4918 by a working group of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">XMPP</span> Communications protocol for message-oriented middleware

Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol is an open communication protocol designed for instant messaging (IM), presence information, and contact list maintenance. Based on XML, it enables the near-real-time exchange of structured data between two or more network entities. Designed to be extensible, the protocol offers a multitude of applications beyond traditional IM in the broader realm of message-oriented middleware, including signalling for VoIP, video, file transfer, gaming and other uses.

The Internet Calendaring and Scheduling Core Object Specification (iCalendar) is a media type which allows users to store and exchange calendaring and scheduling information such as events, to-dos, journal entries, and free/busy information, and together with its associated standards has been a cornerstone of the standardization and interoperability of digital calendars across different vendors. Files formatted according to the specification usually have an extension of .ics. With supporting software, such as an email reader or calendar application, recipients of an iCalendar data file can respond to the sender easily or counter-propose another meeting date/time. The file format is specified in a proposed Internet standard for calendar data exchange. The standard and file type are sometimes referred to as "iCal", which was the name of the Apple Inc. calendar program until 2012, which provides one of the implementations of the standard.

The Internet Printing Protocol (IPP) is a specialized communication protocol for communication between client devices and printers. It allows clients to submit one or more print jobs to the network-attached printer or print server, and perform tasks such as querying the status of a printer, obtaining the status of print jobs, or cancelling individual print jobs.

3GP is a multimedia container format defined by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) for 3G UMTS multimedia services. It is used on 3G mobile phones but can also be played on some 2G and 4G phones.

These tables compare features of multimedia container formats, most often used for storing or streaming digital video or digital audio content. To see which multimedia players support which container format, look at comparison of media players.

Office Open XML is a zipped, XML-based file format developed by Microsoft for representing spreadsheets, charts, presentations and word processing documents. Ecma International standardized the initial version as ECMA-376. ISO and IEC standardized later versions as ISO/IEC 29500.

In information and communications technology, a media type, content type or MIME type is a two-part identifier for file formats and format contents. Their purpose is comparable to filename extensions and uniform type identifiers, in that they identify the intended data format. They are mainly used by technologies underpinning the Internet, and also used on Linux desktop systems.

The Microsoft Open Specification Promise is a promise by Microsoft, published in September 2006, to not assert its patents, in certain conditions, against implementations of a certain list of specifications.

The ISO base media file format (ISOBMFF) is a container file format that defines a general structure for files that contain time-based multimedia data such as video and audio. It is standardized in ISO/IEC 14496-12, a.k.a. MPEG-4 Part 12, and was formerly also published as ISO/IEC 15444-12, a.k.a. JPEG 2000 Part 12.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">WebSocket</span> Computer network protocol

WebSocket is a computer communications protocol, providing a simultaneous two-way communication channel over a single Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) connection. The WebSocket protocol was standardized by the IETF as RFC 6455 in 2011. The current specification allowing web applications to use this protocol is known as WebSockets. It is a living standard maintained by the WHATWG and a successor to The WebSocket API from the W3C.

WebRTC is a free and open-source project providing web browsers and mobile applications with real-time communication (RTC) via application programming interfaces (APIs). It allows audio and video communication and streaming to work inside web pages by allowing direct peer-to-peer communication, eliminating the need to install plugins or download native apps.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Opus (audio format)</span> Lossy audio coding format

Opus is a lossy audio coding format developed by the Xiph.Org Foundation and standardized by the Internet Engineering Task Force, designed to efficiently code speech and general audio in a single format, while remaining low-latency enough for real-time interactive communication and low-complexity enough for low-end embedded processors. Opus replaces both Vorbis and Speex for new applications, and several blind listening tests have ranked it higher-quality than any other standard audio format at any given bitrate until transparency is reached, including MP3, AAC, and HE-AAC.

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