List of megamouth shark specimens and sightings

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Specimen #7 deposited at Marine World Uminonakamichi, Japan Megamouth shark japan.jpg
Specimen #7 deposited at Marine World Uminonakamichi, Japan
Specimen #37 exhibited at Aburatsubo Marine Park, Japan Mega mouth shark specimen.jpg
Specimen #37 exhibited at Aburatsubo Marine Park, Japan

This list of megamouth shark specimens and sightings includes recorded human encounters with Megachasma pelagios, popularly known as the megamouth shark. A similar list is published by the Ichthyology Department of the Florida Museum of Natural History at the University of Florida. [1]

Contents

List of megamouth sharks

Records are listed chronologically in ascending order and numbered accordingly.

#DateLocationSexSizeMethod of captureDispositionReferencesNotes
115 November 197625 miles (40 km) off Kāne'ohe, Oahu, Hawaii ( 21°51′N157°46′W / 21.850°N 157.767°W / 21.850; -157.767 )MaleTL: 4.46 m; PCL: 3.091 m (69.3% TL); WT: 750 kgBecame entangled in the sea anchor of a United States Navy shipDeposited at the Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum Dunford (1976); Taylor (1977); Cressey & Boyle (1978); Johnson (1978); Taylor et al. (1983); [Anonymous] (1983a, b, c, d, e, f); Maisey (1985); Wood (1986); Gallagher (N.d.) Holotype and first recorded specimen. First examined by Leighton Taylor, who dubbed it "megamouth".
229 November 1984 Catalina Island, California MaleTL: 4.49 m"Caught"Deposited at the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County [Anonymous] (1984a, b); Lavenberg & Seigel (1985); Diamond (1985); Maisey (1985); Wood (1986)
318 August 1988 Mandurah, Western Australia MaleTL: 5.15 m; PCL: 3.43 m (66.6% TL)Found washed ashoreDeposited at Western Australian Museum Berra & Hutchins (1988); [Anonymous] (1988a, b); Nielsen (1988); Berra & Hutchins (1990); Berra & Hutchins (1991)
423 January 1989 Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan MaleTL: 4+ mFound washed ashoreDiscardedNakaya (1989a); Nakaya (1989b)
5June 1989 Yaizu, Shizuoka, Japan Female?TL: ~4.9 mCaught in netReleased aliveMiya et al. (1992); Mollet (2012)Most likely a female according to John Morrissey.
621 October 1990 Dana Point, California MaleTL: 4.94 mFound entangled in a drift gillnetTrackedHaight (1990a); Haight (1990b); [Anonymous] (1990a, b, c, d); [Anonymous] (1991a, b); Lavenberg (1991); Nelson et al. (1997)Specimen was taken alive, then fitted with two ultrasonic transmitters and tracked for two days. The shark was observed to move close to the surface at night and deeper during the day.
729 November 1994 Hakata Bay, Fukuoka, Japan ( 34°40′N130°50′E / 34.667°N 130.833°E / 34.667; 130.833 )Immature femaleTL: 4.71 m; PCL: 3.136 m (66.6% TL)"Stranded"Deposited at Marine World Uminonakamichi (Fukuoka, Japan)Castro (1994); Takada (1994); Takada (1995); Clark & Castro (1995); Castro et al. (1997); Nakaya et al. (1997); Takada et al. (1997); Tanaka & Yano (1997); Yabumoto et al. (1997); Yamaguchi & Nakaya (1997); Yano et al. (1997a); Yano et al. (1997b); Yano et al. (1997c); Goto (1999)First confirmed female; much studied. Numerous papers on this specimen were published in Biology of the Megamouth Shark (1997).
84 May 199540 miles (64 km) off Dakar, Senegal ( 15°08′N18°22′W / 15.133°N 18.367°W / 15.133; -18.367 )Immature maleTL: ~1.8 mCaught in purse seine of French tuna fishing shipDiscardedSéret (1995)First recorded specimen from the Atlantic Ocean and smallest known specimen at the time.
918 September 1995southern Brazil Immature maleTL: 1.9 m; WT: 24.4 kgCaught by commercial longline vesselDeposited at Instituto de Pesca in São Paulo, Brazil Castro & Gadig (1995); Amorim et al. (1995); Amorim et al. (2000)
1030 April 199712 miles (19 km) south of Mikizaki, Owase, Mie, Japan ( 33°44′N136°16′E / 33.733°N 136.267°E / 33.733; 136.267 ) at 150 m depthFemaleTL: 5.44 m; WT: 1,040 kgCaught by fishermenDeposited at Toba Aquarium Yano et al. (1997d); Ito et al. (1999)External brain form and cranial nerves studied in detail.
1120 February 1998 Macajalar Bay, Cagayan de Oro, Philippines MaleTL: ~5.49 mCaught by three fishermenConsumedBaldo & Elizaga (1998); Elizaga (1998a); Elizaga (1998b); Reyes (1998); Morrissey & Elizaga (1999); Amorim et al. (2000)
1223 April 1998 Atawa, Mie, Japan FemaleTL: 5.2–5.49 m"Captured"DiscardedYano et al. (1998); Amorim et al. (2000); Burgess (N.d.)
1330 August 1998 Manado, North Sulawesi, Indonesia
( 1°46′0″N124°50′3″E / 1.76667°N 124.83417°E / 1.76667; 124.83417 )
Female?TL: ~5 mObserved being attacked by sperm whales Swam awayPecchioni & Benoldi (1999); Amorim et al. (2000)
141 October 199930 miles (48 km) west of San Diego, California FemaleTL: ~17 ft (5.2 m)Caught in a drift gillnetReleased alive in good conditionPetersen (1999)Four colour photographs taken. Water temperature was 67.2 °F (19.56 °C).
1519 October 200142 miles (68 km) northwest of San Diego, California MaleTL: ~18 ft (5.5 m)Caught in a drift gillnetReleased alive in good conditionPetersen (2001)Tissue biopsy collected. Water temperature was 65.8 °F (18.78 °C).
1618 January 2002eastern Indian Ocean ( 2°17.9′S88°12.7′E / 2.2983°S 88.2117°E / -2.2983; 88.2117 ) at 150 m depthImmature maleTL: 2.35 m; WT(estimate): >120 kgCaught in tuna purse seine DiscardedBoonyapiwat & Vidthayanon (2002)Caught by M/V Seafdec. Sea surface temperature was 26.8 °C.
1720 April 2002 Nature's Valley near Plettenberg Bay, approximately 400 km east of Cape Town, South Africa ( 33°59′S23°34′E / 33.983°S 23.567°E / -33.983; 23.567 )FemaleTL: 3.5 m; WT: 300 kgFound washed ashoreDeposited at Port Elizabeth Museum [Anonymous] (2002); Sanchez (2002); Smale (2002); Smale et al. (2002)Collected from the beach by Vic Cockcroft of the Centre for Dolphin Studies. Tissue samples taken. Specimen was examined, measured and dissected by Malcolm Smale and Leonard Compagno. Mould of the animal was used for educational displays.
186 January 2003 Tablon, Cagayan de Oro, Philippines  ?TL: 4.97 m; BD: 1.01 mCaught by fishermanConsumedYasay (2003)Caught by fisherman Eldiposo Pabaida. Personnel of the Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources 10 (BFAR 10) measured the specimen and took several photographs.
1926 May 2003 Dana Point, California  ?TL(estimate): 20–25 ft (6–7.6 m); WT (estimate): 5 tonsSighted at seaReleasedRobbins (2003)Sighted by Scott Caldwell from the Leslie Anne. A rope was temporarily tied around the animal's tail, preventing escape. No photographs taken; unconfirmed sighting.
203 July 2003800 m off Ki-Lei-Bi, Hualien County, Taiwan MaleTL: ~2.5 m; WT: 490 kgCaught in netConsumedMollet (2004)Caught by fisherman Li. Specimen bought by local seafood store. Stomach was found to be empty.
217 August 2003 Omaezaki, Shizuoka, Japan MaleTL: 4.3 m ?Deposited at Tokai University Furuta (2003); Burgess (N.d.)Prepared for display by taxidermist.
228 March 200441.6 nautical miles (77.0 km) off Posorja Port, Guayas, Ecuador ( 2°54.374′S81°14.858′W / 2.906233°S 81.247633°W / -2.906233; -81.247633 )MaleTL: 4.2 m; WT: ~600 kgCaught in trammel netSent to marketRomero & Cruz (2004)Caught by small fishing vessel that was unable to bring it aboard. Assisted by the Ecuadorian tuna fish ship Betty Elizabeth. Animal was alive at time of capture and regurgitated food consisting mainly of Engraulis ringens . Surface temperature of the sea was 23.6 °C.
2313 March 2004Gapang Beach, northern tip of Sumatra Immature maleTL: 1.767 m; WT: 13.82 kgFound washed ashoreDeposited at Cibinong Museum Lumba Lumba Dive Centre (2004); White et al. (2004)Smallest recorded specimen. On public display.
2419 April 2004 Ichihara, Tokyo Bay, Japan FemaleTL: 5.63 m; WT: 2,679 lb (1,215 kg)Found washed ashoreTaxidermy specimen displayed at the Natural History Museum and Institute Osedo (2004)Survived several days before dying from stress. Identified by Masaki Miya, curator of fishes at the National History Museum and Institute in Chiba.
2523 April 2004off Ajiro, Shizuoka, Japan FemaleTL: ~4.9 mCaught by fishermenDiscardedFuruta (2004)Japanese newspaper article mentions total length of 5.5-5.6 m and weight of "1", implying over 1 ton.
264 November 2004 Barangay Namocon, Tigbauan, Iloilo, Philippines FemaleTL: 5.04 m; WT: ~1 tonStranded on beachPreserved in tank at SEAFDEC Museum [Anonymous] (2004); Bagarinao (2004)Stranded alive at around 5 pm and died at around 10 pm. Removed from the beach by 16 fishermen. Preserved in 10% formalin in a 1-ton fiberglass tank.
2723 January 2005off Kisei cho Nishiki, Mie, Japan, at 200 m depthFemaleTL: 5.28 mCaught in purse seine Deposited at Toba Aquarium Furuta (2005)Prepared by taxidermist for display at the aquarium.
2830 January 2005 Macajalar Bay, Cagayan de Oro, Philippines Female?TL: 4.17 m; WT: ~1,000 kgCaught in netBuriedElizaga (2005a); Elizaga (2005b); Lumingkit et al. (2005); Ellorin (2005)Caught by fisherman Sofronio Casañares. It pulled Casañares's paddle-driven banca for around an hour before stopping, apparently due to exhaustion. Specimen was dissected prior to burial.
29~25 April 2005 Hualien Port, Hualien County, Taiwan  ?WT: 580 kgCaught by ocean sunfish driftnettersSold at market for human consumptionWang & Yang (2005a)Described by fishermen as "big mouthed shark with no teeth".
302 May 2005 Hualien Port, Hualien County, Taiwan  ?WT: 580 kgCaught by ocean sunfish driftnettersSold at market for human consumptionWang & Yang (2005b)Described by fishermen as "big mouthed shark with no teeth".
314 May 2005 Hualien Port, Hualien County, Taiwan FemaleTL: 7.09 m?; WT: 689 kgCaught by ocean sunfish driftnetterDissected at Taipei Zoo/Academia Sinica Wang & Yang (2005c)Presumed to be pregnant based on swollen belly. Measured by Shih-Chu Yang. One ectoparasite collected from specimen.
325 May 2005off Hualien County, Taiwan FemaleWT: 807 kgCaught by fishermenDissected at Taipei Zoo Wang & Yang (2005d)Likely to have been pregnant. Sold directly to Kwung-Tsao Shao of the Academia Sinica.
335 June 2005off Hualien County, Taiwan  ?WT: 400–500 kgCaught by fishermen ?Lin (2005)Fifth megamouth shark caught in the area within two and a half months.
3426 January 20064 km off Bayawan, Negros Oriental, Philippines FemaleTL: 5 m; WT (estimate): 1 ton/750 kgAccidentally caught in fishing net Buried[Anonymous] (2006); Sala (2006)Towed by pumpboat of the Bayawan city government to the city's boulevard, but died before it could be released. Very small shrimp found in stomach.
3512 March 2006 Barra, Macabalan, Cagayan de Oro, Philippines FemaleTL: 7 ft 5 in (2.26 m); WT: 60–80 kgAccidentally caught in gillnet ?Cabig (2006)Identified by Edward B. Yasay. Animal died before Yasay could study it.
3623 March 2006"China Sea" ?TL: 4.7 m; WT: 650 kgCaught by fishermen ?Lin (2006)Photograph taken.
372 May 2006 Sagami Bay, Yugawara, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan FemaleTL: 5.7 mFound alive in a fixed shore netDissected and exhibited at the Aburatsubo Marine Park in KanagawaBurgess (2006); Mollet (2012)Could not be initially landed due to adverse wind conditions. Animal was filmed on third day and died soon afterwards.
3816 November 2006 Tortugas Bay, Baja California, Mexico Immature femaleTL: 2.149 m; WT: 27 kgAccidentally caught by commercial shark boatOn display at the Regional Fisheries Center of EnsenadaCastillo-Géniz (2006)Accidentally caught by crew of the commercial shark boat F/V Corina del Mar. Examined on November 28 by team of technicians and students led by José Leonardo Castillo-Géniz. Samples taken of stomach contents, teeth, and dermal denticles.
3929 May 2007Tungkop, Minglanilla, Cebu, Philippines  ?TL: 8.2 ft (2.5 m); WT: ~40–50 kgFound wounded near shore ?Parco (2007a); Parco (2007b)Found alive with head wound; died after several hours.
407 June 2007 Sagami Bay, Japan FemaleTL: 5.4 mCaught in netReleased aliveMollet (2012)Photographed, filmed and tagged prior to release.
419 July 2007700 km east of Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan FemaleTL: 3.6–4 m; WT: 360–450 kgCaught in purse seine Deposited at Okinawa Churaumi Aquarium [Anonymous] (2007); Lin (2007); [Anonymous] (2011a, b, c)Brought to Ishinomaki port and fish market in Miyagi Prefecture. Frozen and transferred to Okinawa Churaumi Aquarium. Dissected at Okinawa Churaumi Aquarium between March 1–3, 2011, in preparation for plastination. During dissection, internal organs were removed, vertebrae sampled for age determination, and head subjected to a CT scan.
4227 September 2007 Hinunangan, Philippines  ?TL: 2.74 mFound dead on beach ?Tajonera (2009a)Weight unknown. Photographed by Marlou Pan.
43around 30 June 2008off Taiwan  ?WT: 200+ kg"Captured" ?Mollet (2012); Burgess (N.d.)Reported by Victor Lin. No photograph and no length or sex data available.
4410 July 2008off eastern Taiwan Female?TL (estimate): ~5–5.5 m; WT: 870 kg"Caught" ?Mollet (2012); Burgess (N.d.)Claimed to be 9 m long in media reports.
455 September 2008 Hinunangan, Philippines  ?TL: 2.13 mFound stranded alivePushed back into water, presumably swam awayTajonera (2009b)No photographs taken. Identified by AT-Fisheries.
4630 March 2009off eastern coast of Burias Island, Philippines, at ~200 m depthMaleTL: 4 m; WT: ~400–500 kgCaught in gillnet by fishermen targeting Rastrelliger kanagurta and Auxis rochei ConsumedAca (2009); Dell'Amore (2009)Died during capture. Tied up and towed to Barangay Dancalan, Donsol, Sorsogon. Identified by Elson Aca of WWF. Cuts found near left side of mouth. Several shrimp larvae found in stomach.
479 June 2009off eastern Taiwan Female?TL: 3.90 m; WT: 350 kgCaught by fishermen from Taitung County Preserved at local shark museumLin (2009)Bought by local shark museum to be mounted for display.
489 July 2009 Praia Grande, Cabo Frio, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil MaleTL: 5.39 mFound dead on beachPartially consumed by localsLima et al. (2009); Gomes & Buttigieg (2009); Mollet (2012)Appeared to have died of natural causes. Autopsy revealed empty stomach.
499 July 2009700 km off Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan FemaleTL: 4 m; WT (estimate): 450 kg"Caught"Flesh sold at market for consumption at Ishinomaki [2]
506 November 200918 miles (29 km) southwest of Islas San Benito, Mexico  ?TL: 2 mCaught in fishing net ?Camacho (2009)Caught by Ensenada fishermen on vessel Famtasma del Mar, captained by Eden Ruvicel.
5125 April 2010 Taiwan Strait, off southeastern China MaleTL (estimate): ≥4 m; WT (estimate): >1000 kg; WT(skin): 100–200 kg"Caught"Flesh cut into chunks and sold at market for consumption; skin and jaw saved; to be donated to educational facilityLin (2010a)Photographs taken of skinned specimen only.
5219 June 2010off eastern Taiwan  ?WT (estimate): ~770 kg"Caught"Flesh sold at market for consumption; jaw savedLin (2010b); Mollet (2012)Purchased by fish dealer in northeastern Taiwan "in poor condition, described as tattered and broken or perhaps even cut open". Photographs taken of jaw and flesh chunks only.
5314 January 2011500 m off Owase, Mie, Japan  ?TL (estimate): 5 m"Bycaught and fled by itself" ? [3] Found being entrapped in a set net in early morning, and on 15th, an aquarium at Osaka tried to purchase the individual alive and make it the first exhibition of live animal in the world, but the shark was found missing in 6am, likely to surpass the net rather than breaking through it.
5412 June 2011 Bahía de Vizcaíno, off western Baja California peninsula, Mexico Immature maleTL: 3 m"Caught" ?Falcón (2011)Sent to Ensenada, Mexico, to be sliced into pieces, examined, and photographed. Gill and muscle structure studied by researchers from Mexico and the Scripps Institution of Oceanography. Captured by same vessel that caught specimen #38.
551 July 2011 Odawara(Sagami Bay), Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan FemaleTL: ~3 m ?Deposited at Kanagawa Prefectural Museum of Natural History Mollet (2012); Burgess (N.d.)Information and photographs provided by Alex Buttigieg (Mollet, 2012). While some fishermen claimed that another shark shored at Ishibashi area nearby was even bigger, the others consider that this report was of the same individual. [4]
56January 2012"Sea of China" ?TL: 5.65–5.70 m; WT: 1,150–1,250 kg ? ?Mollet (2012)Information and photographs provided by Victor Lin (Mollet, 2012).
5716 October 2012off eastern Taiwan FemaleTL (estimate): 6 m [4.29 m without tail]; WT (estimate): 800–900 kg"Caught"Organs preserved and donated to unspecified university; meat soldLin (2012)Tail broke off during recovery. Total intact length estimated by fish dealer who purchased specimen.
5814 April 2014off Shizuoka, Japan FemaleTL: 4.4 meters; WT (estimate): not reported"Caught"Autopsy scheduled for May 2014NHK News Web [5] Specimen will be studied at Tokai University Marine Science Museum, Shizuoka, Japan
5924 December 2014off Futo, Itō, Shizuoka, Japan  ? ? ("Massive")Entrapped in set nets and was releasedThe shark was released because it was too big to bring ashore.Fujii M. 伊豆東海岸定置網へのメガマウスザメ混獲事例より. 板鰓類研究会報. No. 51.
6028 January 2015off Albay, Philippines Male ?Washed ashorePreserved on ice pending necropsy and display Washington Post

Inquirer Southern Luzon
Mother Nature Network

612 June 2015 Nghệ An Province, Vietnam  ?TL (estimate): 5 m; WT (estimate): 800–900 kgWashed ashore Xác cá 'khủng' trôi dạt vào bờ biển Nghệ An
6218 April 20165 km off Owase, Mie, Japan  ?TL: 5 m; WT: 1,000 kgBycatch in seine netsPurchased with a successful bid by a local fishmonger, then was delivered to a national research institute, kept in a fledge 体長5メートル、メガマウス水揚げ 尾鷲港(三重県), Chunichi Shimbun and Chūkyō Television Broadcasting
6312 June 2017Pondol, Hinunangan, Southern Leyte, Philippines  ?TL: 4.3 m; WT: 600 kgWashed ashoreBuried along the beachBlingco, Melanie (14 June 2017). "LOOK: Megamouth shark found dead in Southern Leyte". ABS-CBN News.The shark had multiple wounds that were believed to be the cause of death
6411 February 201818.5 km off Bayawan, Negros Oriental, Philippines  ?TL: 4.34 mDied after accidentally getting caught in drift nets Buried along shorelinePartlow, Mary Judaline (12 February 2018). "Rare megamouth shark dies in fishnet entanglement in NegOr". Philippine News Agency.Genetic samples were taken from the specimen by the Large Marine Vertebrates Research Institute Philippines (LAMAVE) and the National Museum of the Philippines
6529 December 2021San Roque, Tolosa, Leyte, Philippines MaleTL: ~5 mWashed ashoreDisposed of by the Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources Marticio, Marie Tonette (30 December 2021). "Megamouth shark found dead in Leyte town". Manila Bulletin.Based on injuries in the dorsal and ventral parts, it is believed to have died after becoming entangled in fishing nets. Strong waves and bad weather may have also contributed.
6611 June 2022Bagacay, Gubat, Sorsogon, Philippines  ?TL: 4.57 mWashed ashorePlanned to be preserved and displayed as museum material by the Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources Barcia, Rhaydz (11 June 2022). "Dead megamouth shark washes ashore in Sorsogon". Rappler.Presumably entangled in nets
6711 November 2023 Silago, Southern Leyte, Philippines  ?TL: 4.69 m; WT: 1,000 kgWashed ashoreDejon, Robert (21 November 2023). "Shark found on the shore of Southern Leyte town". Leyte-Samar Daily Express.Huge wound in chest area, suspected of having been bitten by a bigger shark
6812 November 2023Domolog, Bindoy, Philippines  ? ?Washed ashoreSaavedra, John Rey (20 November 2023). "Shrimp, shark washed ashore no link to Mindanao quake". Philippine News Agency.
6916 November 2023Ipil, Dipaculao, Aurora, Philippines 1 Pregnant female, 7 pupsWashed ashoreAdult female buried along the shoreline, pups were taken for preservation by the National Museum of the Philippines "Rare megamouth sharks found dead in Aurora". GMA New Online. 28 November 2023.Pregnant female about to give birth with several juveniles unborn and three birthed that also died, for a total of 7 pups. Cause of death is unknown, but not caused by human intervention.

Measurements

References