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Gymnastics is a type of sport that includes physical exercises requiring balance, strength, flexibility, agility, coordination, artistry and endurance. The movements involved in gymnastics contribute to the development of the arms, legs, shoulders, back, chest, and abdominal muscle groups. Gymnastics evolved from exercises used by the ancient Greeks that included skills for mounting and dismounting a horse, and from circus performance skills.
Trampolining or trampoline gymnastics is a competitive Olympic sport in which athletes perform acrobatics while bouncing on a trampoline. In competition, these can include simple jumps in the straight, pike, tuck, or straddle position to more complex combinations of forward and/or backward somersaults and twists. Scoring is based on the difficulty and on the total seconds spent in the air. Points are deducted for bad form and horizontal displacement from the center of the bed.
At the 2000 Summer Olympics, three different gymnastics disciplines were contested: artistic gymnastics, rhythmic gymnastics, and trampoline. The artistic gymnastics and trampoline events were held at the Sydney SuperDome on 16–25 September and 22–23 September, respectively. The rhythmic gymnastics events were held at Pavilion 3 of the Sydney Olympic Park on 28 September – 1 October.
The International Gymnastics Federation is the body governing competition in all disciplines of gymnastics. Its headquarters is in Lausanne, Switzerland. It was founded on 23 July 1881 in Liège, Belgium, making it the world's oldest existing international sports organisation. Originally called the European Federation of Gymnastics, it had three member countries—Belgium, France and the Netherlands—until 1921, when non-European countries were admitted and it received its current name.
At the 2008 Summer Olympics, three gymnastics disciplines were contested: artistic gymnastics, rhythmic gymnastics and trampoline. The artistic gymnastics events were held at the Beijing National Indoor Stadium on August 9–19. The rhythmic gymnastics events were held at the Beijing University of Technology Gymnasium on August 21–24. The trampoline events were also held at the Beijing National Indoor Stadium on August 16–19.
Gymnastics has been part of all World Games. Among the disciplines, there are rhythmic gymnastics, trampolining and tumbling as well as acrobatics and aerobics. Artistic gymnastics are not contested at the World Games because all of its disciplines have always been Olympic sports.
This is a general glossary of the terms used in the sport of gymnastics.
Three gymnastics disciplines were contested at the 2012 Olympic Games in London: artistic gymnastics, rhythmic gymnastics and trampolining. The trampoline events were held at the North Greenwich Arena from 3 to 4 August; the artistic events were also held at the North Greenwich Arena, from 28 July to 7 August. The rhythmic gymnastics events took place at Wembley Arena from 9 to 12 August.
Qualification for gymnastics events at the 2012 Summer Olympics was based on the results of the three world gymnastics championships held in autumn 2011, and Olympic Test Events to be held in January 2012 at the North Greenwich Arena. In addition, the Fédération Internationale de Gymnastique and the IOC Tripartite Commission for Gymnastics allocated places to ensure certain minimum levels of representation.
Gymnastics at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro was held in three categories: artistic gymnastics, rhythmic gymnastics and trampolining. All gymnastics events were staged at the Arena Olímpica do Rio from 6 to 21 August 2016.
The Asian Gymnastic Union (AGU) organizes Asian Gymnastics Championships for each of the FIG gymnastic disciplines: men's and women's artistic gymnastics, rhythmic gymnastics, acrobatic gymnastics, aerobic gymnastics and trampoline gymnastics. This article lists only the senior editions of the Asian Gymnastics Championships, in which competitors must be over 16 years of age. Specific editions of the Asian Championships also exist for junior athletes; for example, the first edition of the Junior Asian Artistic Gymnastics Championships was held in 1971, but the first senior edition of the tournament was only held in 1996. Similarly, Junior Asian Trampoline Championships were held in 2010 and 2012, but only in 2014 the Asian Gymnastics Union held a senior tournament in conjunction with the junior championships for the first time.
These are four lists of achievements in major international gymnastics events according to first-place, second-place and third-place results obtained by gymnasts representing different nations. The objective is not to create combined medal tables; the focus is on listing the best positions achieved by gymnasts in major international competitions, ranking the nations according to the most number of podiums accomplished by gymnasts of these nations. All seven competitive disciplines currently recognized by the International Gymnastics Federation (FIG) are covered: 1) acrobatic gymnastics, 2) aerobic gymnastics, 3) men's artistic gymnastics, 4) women's artistic gymnastics, 5) women's rhythmic gymnastics, 6) trampoline and tumbling, and 7) parkour.
This article describes the qualifying phase for gymnastics at the 2016 Summer Olympics. Qualification was based on the results of the three world gymnastics championships held in autumn 2015, and Olympic Test Events held in early 2016 at the HSBC Arena. In addition, the Fédération Internationale de Gymnastique and the IOC Tripartite Commission for Gymnastics allocated places to ensure certain minimum levels of representation.
FIG World Cup refers to a number of events organized by the International Gymnastics Federation (FIG) across seven competitive gymnastics disciplines: 1) acrobatic gymnastics, 2) aerobic gymnastics, 3) men's artistic gymnastics, 4) women's artistic gymnastics, 5) women's rhythmic gymnastics, 6) trampoline and tumbling, and 7) parkour.
The Pan American Gymnastics Union organizes Pan American Gymnastics Championships in different disciplines of gymnastics: men's and women's artistic gymnastics, rhythmic gymnastics, acrobatic gymnastics, trampoline and tumbling, as well as aerobic gymnastics. The Pan American Gymnastics Championships are considered by the International Gymnastics Federation to be the official continental championships for the Americas. Pan American Championships have also been organized for the sport of aesthetic group gymnastics.
Gymnastics competitions at the 2019 European Games in Minsk, Belarus, were held from 22 to 30 June 2019 at the Minsk-Arena. A total of 32 gymnastics events were held in the five disciplines; artistic, rhythmic, trampolining, aerobic and acrobatic.
Junior World Gymnastics Championships refers to a number of different World Championships in four disciplines recognized by the International Gymnastics Federation (FIG) in competitive gymnastics: acrobatic gymnastics, men's and women's artistic gymnastics, and rhythmic gymnastics.
References
- ↑ "List of gymnastics disciplines". Fédération Internationale de Gymnastique. Archived from the original on 24 September 2011. Retrieved 5 October 2012.
- ↑ "Fédération Internationale de Gymnastique : About Acrobatic". Fédération Internationale de Gymnastique. Archived from the original on 2012-11-02. Retrieved 18 November 2012.
Practised by both men and women, Acrobatic Gymnastics (ACRO) is among the oldest known disciplines since already practiced at the ancient Egyptian period, as evidenced by certain frescos. But its name comes from the Greek acrobateo, meaning to rise or go forth.
- ↑ "Fédération Internationale de Gymnastique : About Aerobic". Fédération Internationale de Gymnastique. Archived from the original on 2009-03-23. Retrieved 18 November 2012.
Aerobic has not only been a great form of physical training for the general public since the end of the 1980's, but also a top-level competitive sport. Aerobic Gymnastics presents dynamic moves, strength, flexibility, co-ordination and musicality in a routine, lasting up to 1 minute 50 seconds (1'30" for all categories from 2013).
- ↑ "Fédération Internationale de Gymnastique : About MAG". Fédération Internationale de Gymnastique. Archived from the original on 11 November 2012. Retrieved 18 November 2012.
- ↑ "Fédération Internationale de Gymnastique : About WAG". Fédération Internationale de Gymnastique. Archived from the original on 11 November 2012. Retrieved 18 November 2012.
The competition program of women's artistic gymnastics includes the vaulting table, the uneven bars, the beam, and the floor.
- ↑ "Fédération Internationale de Gymnastique : About Rhythmic". Archived from the original on 18 November 2012. Retrieved 18 November 2012.
Women only compete in Rhythmic Gymnastics, although in Japan and some other countries, men also practice the sport.
- ↑ "Fédération Internationale de Gymnastique : About Trampoline". Fédération Internationale de Gymnastique. Archived from the original on 2012-11-11. Retrieved 18 November 2012.
Trampoline, an Olympic discipline, symbolizes freedom, flying and space. Multiple somersaults and twists are performed at a height of 8 meters and require precise technique and perfect body control. The Trampoline is also used as a basic training device for all sports that contain acrobatic elements