Mapandan

Last updated
Mapandan
Municipality of Mapandan
Mapandan Pangasinan 2.JPG
Poblacion and Municipal Hall
Flag of Mapandan, Pangasinan.png
Mapandan Pangasinan.png
Ph locator pangasinan mapandan.png
Map of Pangasinan with Mapandan highlighted
OpenStreetMap
Mapandan
Philippines location map (square).svg
Red pog.svg
Mapandan
Location within the Philippines
Coordinates: 16°01′34″N120°27′14″E / 16.026°N 120.454°E / 16.026; 120.454
CountryPhilippines
Region Ilocos Region
Province Pangasinan
District 3rd district
Barangays 15 (see Barangays)
Government
[1]
  Type Sangguniang Bayan
   Mayor Karl Christian F. Vega
   Vice Mayor Gerald Glenn L. Tambaoan
   Representative Maria Rachel J. Arenas
   Municipal Council
Members
  • Melvin Jerold Ranas
  • Hilario Larry Morales
  • Blando Quinto
  • Freddie Penuliar
  • Alicia Mariano
  • Pak Eric Parayno
  • Valentin Revilla
  • Gem Castro
   Electorate 27,556 voters (2025)
Area
[2]
  Total
30.00 km2 (11.58 sq mi)
Elevation
[3]
38 m (125 ft)
Highest elevation
61 m (200 ft)
Lowest elevation
4 m (13 ft)
Population
 (2024 census) [4]
  Total
38,228
  Density1,274/km2 (3,300/sq mi)
   Households
9,326
Economy
   Income class 3rd municipal income class
   Poverty incidence
14.29
% (2021) [5]
   Revenue 180.6 million (2022)
   Assets 578.5 million (2022)
   Expenditure 153.1 million (2022)
   Liabilities 134.8 million (2022)
Service provider
  ElectricityPangasinan 3 Electric Cooperative (PANELCO 3)
Time zone UTC+8 (PST)
ZIP code
2429
PSGC
IDD : area code +63(0)75
Native languages Pangasinan
Ilocano
Tagalog

Mapandan, officially the Municipality of Mapandan (Pangasinan : Baley na Mapandan; Ilocano : Ili ti Mapandan; Tagalog : Bayan ng Mapandan), is a municipality in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 38,228 people. [6]

Contents

The town is known for its yearly PandanFestival.

Etymology

Mapandan (meaning plenty of pandan) got its name from “pandan”, a native palm which grew in abundance in the place at that time. The leaves of the pandan add aroma to the cooked rice if cooked with it. The leaves are also stripped and woven into mats.

History

Mapandan was a former mere Barrio. That was former part of Municipality of Mangaldan.

Being originally a part of the municipality of Mangaldan, Mapandan was also once called “balon baley” which means new town in the local vernacular.

Mapandan was first established as a “pueblo” by virtue of Direction General No. 39 Administration Civil No. 169-C signed by Governor General Emilio Bravo on December 28, 1887. The Town originally comprised the southernmost barrios of the town of Mangaldan namely: Payapay, Baloling, Apaya, and Amanoaoac

The idea of organizing a separate town from its mother town Mangaldan was first conceived by some ten (10) local leaders in the persons of Antonio Morales, Sabino Prado, Andres Bongato, Ambrosio Calimlim, Valeriano Tamondong, Tomas Aquino, Fulgencio Nato, Filomeno Sarmiento, Jose Lalas and Florencio Datuin.

The town was first centered in Barangay Torres. Due to its remoteness, the same was transferred to its present location, which was formerly a sitio of Apaya. The lands in the present location of the Poblacion were predominantly owned by the illustrious Aquino clan.

It was Leon Hilario Aquino who encouraged the people to flock to the place by subdividing the land of the Poblacion into a lot of uniform sixes and offering these for three to each family head.

Mapandan was temporarily returned to its mother town in 1905 due to the outbreak of an epidemic that greatly depleted its population and finances. In 1908, the town was again reorganized and officially re-established.

Dwarfed amidst the more known neighboring towns of Manaoag, Mangaldan, San Jacinto, and Sta. Barbara, the town is heard of in the province but not many people have seen it.

In year 2002, Mapandan was elevated as a third (3rd) class municipality through the efforts and leadership of Hon. Jose Ferdinand Z. Calimlim Jr., who spearheaded strategies on income and revenue generation.

Mapandan is a Hall of Famer for having the Pangasinan's cleanest, safest and greenest municipality (Category B). Mapandan was also awarded the Pangasinan's Healthiest Municipality for having the fewest malnourished children. [7]

Geography

The Municipality of Mapandan is located in Eastern-Central part of Pangasinan. Bordered by Mangaldan to the north, Manaoag to the east, and Santa Barbara to the west and southern part. It is landlocked, however, it is not too far from nearby coastal areas of Dagupan, Binmaley and Mangaldan. Mapandan is a central hilly area, having several mountains nearby.

Mapandan is situated 29.15 kilometres (18.11 mi) from the provincial capital Lingayen, and 205.42 kilometres (127.64 mi) from the country's capital city of Manila.

The Map of all Barangays in Mapandan, Pangasinan Mapandan Barangay Map.svg
The Map of all Barangays in Mapandan, Pangasinan

Barangays

Mapandan is politically subdivided into 15 barangays. Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios.

  • Amanoaoac
  • Apaya
  • Aserda
  • Baloling
  • Coral
  • Golden
  • Jimenez
  • Lambayan
  • Luyan
  • Nilombot
  • Pias
  • Poblacion
  • Primicias
  • Santa Maria
  • Torres

Climate

Climate data for Mapandan, Pangasinan
MonthJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecYear
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)29
(84)
29
(84)
30
(86)
32
(90)
33
(91)
33
(91)
33
(91)
33
(91)
33
(91)
32
(90)
31
(88)
29
(84)
31
(88)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)21
(70)
21
(70)
22
(72)
23
(73)
24
(75)
24
(75)
23
(73)
24
(75)
23
(73)
23
(73)
22
(72)
21
(70)
23
(73)
Average precipitation mm (inches)127.5
(5.02)
115.8
(4.56)
129.7
(5.11)
141.1
(5.56)
248.2
(9.77)
165
(6.5)
185.3
(7.30)
161.9
(6.37)
221.4
(8.72)
299.5
(11.79)
199
(7.8)
188.7
(7.43)
2,183.1
(85.93)
Average rainy days171717152019192021201719221
Source: World Weather Online [8]

Demographics

Population census of Mapandan
YearPop.±% p.a.
1903 4,198    
1918 6,049+2.47%
1939 7,286+0.89%
1948 9,836+3.39%
1960 13,065+2.39%
1970 16,653+2.45%
1975 18,143+1.73%
1980 20,094+2.06%
1990 25,622+2.46%
1995 27,439+1.29%
2000 30,775+2.49%
2007 32,905+0.93%
2010 34,439+1.67%
2015 37,059+1.41%
2020 38,058+0.56%
2024 38,228+0.11%
Source: Philippine Statistics Authority [9] [10] [11] [12] [13]
Public Market Mapandan Pangasinan 1.JPG
Public Market


  Most populous barangay in the Population census year
BarangayPopulation census of Mapandan by Barangay
2024 [14] 2020 [15] 2015 [10] 2010 [11] 2007 [12] 2000 [16] 1990 [13]
Amanoaoac1,6561,6362,6781,6421,6041,5931,357
Apaya1,6501,4671,3621,4961,3321,289994
Aserda1,4141,1081,1781,1671,062949805
Baloling4,2384,3933,8353,7553,7273,4462,866
Coral1,4051,3891,3741,3031,2221,208912
Golden1,4321,3991,4251,3701,3141,2141,040
Jimenez2,0081,9951,8311,6661,7151,5271,230
Lambayan1,6821,7561,6161,5601,4771,6411,434
Luyan3,3443,7303,2252,9572,9382,4322,061
Nilombot4,1994,4114,2154,0754,8373,5742,765
Pias4,8274,6994,6194,2972,8133,4632,755
Poblacion3,5093,6223,7143,3603,3883,4163,173
Primicias2,2182,0711,9041,8181,8191,6831,411
Santa Maria1,5851,2701,3051,1751,2491,037911
Torres3,0613,1122,7782,7982,4082,3031,908
Total38,22838,05837,05934,43932,90530,77525,622


Languages

Pangasinan and Ilocano are the two main spoken languages in Mapandan. Tagalog is also widely spoken in the town.

Ethnic Groups

Ethnic Pangasinenses make up more than 90% of Mapandan's Population followed by Ethnic Ilocanos and Tagalogs. Notably, Barangay Santa Maria houses a significant % of Ethnic Ilocanos relative to the % of Mapandan's ethnic groups.

BarangayEthnic census of Mapandan (by Barangay) (2020) [17]
Pangasinense Others Ilocano Tagalog
Amanoaoac1,62111-4
Apaya1,451-214
Aserda1,06510231
Baloling4,1451104890
Coral1,237685430
Golden1,242823738
Jimenez1,916461023
Lambayan1,66563199
Luyan3,4002137146
Nilombot4,1541216769
Pias4,171184171173
Poblacion3,4311064243
Primicias1,8008410857
Santa Maria6998142763
Torres2,7242339259
Total34,7211,4121,150749

Religions

Major religions are in the town, with different branches of churches within.

Roman Catholicism is the major Religion in Mapandan, which falls under the jurisdiction of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Lingayen-Dagupan, and it is annexed by different religions around.

BarangayReligious census of Mapandan (by Barangay) (2020) [18]
Roman
Catholic
Protestant INC Other JW LDS Islam IFI None
Amanoaoac1,495882132-----
Apaya1,3598118-45---
Aserda957113308-----
Baloling3,86866380567133--
Coral1,264803267----
Golden1,3523556--1--
Jimenez1,8653189-43-3-
Lambayan1,6647653-6-2-
Luyan3,26217312810734818--
Nilombot4,1641971611110435
Pias4,3562494530135-1-
Poblacion3,3461291051175181-
Primicias1,97810574-----
Santa Maria1,1626423181--11
Torres2,97039603101952-
Total35,0621,4311,014285987449136

Economy

Poverty incidence of Mapandan

5
10
15
20
25
30
2000
27.28
2003
20.79
2006
23.80
2009
21.34
2012
12.89
2015
11.38
2018
12.16
2021
14.29

Source: Philippine Statistics Authority [19] [20] [21] [22] [23] [24] [25] [26]

Mapandan is practically rural in terms of its area. It is composed of farming areas and cattle ranch farms. It has a little part of Bued river in northern part and an irrigation project also known as Payas irrigation project, which aims for a standard irrigation for farming areas in the municipality.

Government

Local government

Mapandan is part of the third congressional district of the province of Pangasinan. It is governed by a mayor, designated as its local chief executive, and by a municipal council as its legislative body in accordance with the Local Government Code. The mayor, vice mayor, and the councilors are elected directly by the people through an election which is being held every three years.

Electoral History

2025 Local Elections

Mayoral Election Results

CandidatePartyVotes%
Karl Vega (incumbent) Nacionalista 18,87383.76
Jaime AquinoIndependent3,65916.24
Total22,532100.00
Valid votes22,53293.03
Invalid/blank votes1,6876.97
Total votes24,219100.00
Registered voters/turnout27,55687.89
Nacionalista hold
Source: Commission on Elections

Vice Mayoral Election Results

CandidatePartyVotes%
Dooy PenuliarIndependent12,30252.91
Gerald Glenn Tambaoan (incumbent)Independent10,94947.09
Total23,251100.00
Valid votes23,25196.00
Invalid/blank votes9684.00
Total votes24,219100.00
Registered voters/turnout27,55687.89
Independent gain
Source: Commission on Elections

Sangguniang Bayan Election Results

CandidatePartyVotes%
Alice Mariano (incumbent) Nacionalista Party 13,53755.89
Bang Biagtan Independent 12,99553.66
Blando Quinto (incumbent) Independent 10,94645.20
Frederick Lalas Independent 10,84944.80
Michael Calimlim Independent 10,01241.34
Freddie Penuliar (incumbent) Nacionalista Party 9,20938.02
Eric Parayno (incumbent) Nacionalista Party 8,94336.93
Gem Castro (incumbent) Nacionalista Party 8,86936.62
Edwina Tambaoan Independent 8,35734.51
Melvin Jerold Ranas (incumbent) Nacionalista Party 8,19533.84
Ronnie Revilla (incumbent) Nacionalista Party 7,87032.50
Jimmy Aquino Independent 7,31930.22
Arki Biagtan Independent 7,31830.22
Larry Morales (incumbent) Nacionalista Party 7,03929.06
Margie Rosario Independent 5,15121.27
Jim Hernando Independent 4,81719.89
Asuncion Calimlim Independent 4,66619.27
Zenaida Mamayson Independent 4,17117.22
Jovie Guba Independent 1,0904.50
Total151,353100.00

2022 Local Elections

Mayoral Election Results

CandidatePartyVotes%
Karl Vega API 13,58060.26
Dooy Penuliar (incumbent) NPC 8,95639.74
Total22,536100.00
Valid votes22,53698.00
Invalid/blank votes4592.00
Total votes22,995100.00
Registered voters/turnout25,60589.81
API gain from NPC
Source: Commission on Elections

Vice Mayoral Election Results

CandidatePartyVotes%
Gerald Glenn Tambaoan Independent 11,37351.49
Jimmy Aquino NPC 5,72725.93
Asuncion Calimlim (incumbent) API 4,98622.58
Total22,086100.00
Valid votes22,08696.05
Invalid/blank votes9093.95
Total votes22,995100.00
Registered voters/turnout25,60589.81
Independent gain from API
Source: Commission on Elections

Sangguniang Bayan Election Results

CandidatePartyVotes%
Jerold Ranas API 12,05352.26
Larry Morales API 9,70342.07
Blando Quinto Independent 9,46941.05
Freddie Penuliar API 9,27740.22
Alice Mariano (incumbent) NPC 9,22139.98
Eric Parayno API 8,95038.80
Valentin Revilla API 8,47536.74
Gem Castro API 8,44336.61
Michael Calimlim Independent 8,42536.53
Eduard Mendoza API 8,23335.69
Arki Biagtan NPC 7,96234.52
Kiko Calimlim (incumbent) API 7,40732.11
Joyspeter Biagtan (incumbent) NPC 7,21131.26
Janus Gonzales Independent 7,09330.75
Venneson Peria (incumbent) NPC 7,08130.70
Russell Tamayo (incumbent) NPC 6,34327.50
Dizon Soquila NPC 5,48923.80
Bang Biagtan NPC 4,63020.07
Jessie Morales NPC 3,56715.46
Jing Jing Banzon Independent 1,6367.09
Total150,668100.00

2019 Local Elections

Mayoral Election Results

CandidatePartyVotes%
Dooy Penuliar NUP 9,94452.49
Gerald Glenn Tambaoan (incumbent) PDP-Laban 9,00247.51
Total18,946100.00
Registered voters/turnout24,092
NUP gain from PDP-Laban
Source: Commission on Elections

Vice Mayoral Election Results

CandidatePartyVotes%
Asuncion Calimlim (incumbent) PDP-Laban 12,98073.16
Jessie Morales NUP 4,76326.84
Total17,743100.00
Registered voters/turnout24,092
PDP-Laban hold
Source: Commission on Elections

Sangguniang Bayan Election Results

CandidatePartyVotes%
Karl Christian Vega PDP-Laban 14,45674.28
Alice Mariano NUP 10,21052.46
Caesar Francis Calimlim PDP-Laban 10,08651.82
Jimmy Aquino (incumbent) NUP 8,77345.08
Joyspeter Biagtan PDP-Laban 8,05241.37
Russell Tamayo PDP-Laban 7,97240.96
Mamerto Eden Jr. (incumbent) NUP 7,65639.34
Venneson Peria NUP 7,50838.58
Arki Biagtan Independent 7,39738.01
Luigi De Vera NUP 7,28037.41
Ronnie Revilla PDP-Laban 6,56533.73
Eduard Mendoza NUP 6,04831.08
Eric Parayno NUP 5,79429.77
Christ Fernan Mejos PDP-Laban 5,39227.71
Cesar Almonte PDP-Laban 4,96625.52
Allan Visperas NUP 3,42917.62
Elvin Mark Lalas PDP-Laban 3,30817.00
Total124,892100.00

2016 Local Elections

Mayoral Election Results

CandidatePartyVotes%
Gerald Glenn Tambaoan KBL 7,60946.21
Maximo Calimlim Jr. (incumbent) NPC 6,86341.68
Jessie Morales Liberal 1,99512.12
Total16,467100.00
Registered voters/turnout20,694
KBL gain from NPC
Source: Commission on Elections

Vice Mayoral Election Results

CandidatePartyVotes%
Asuncion Calimlim KBL 7,60952.58
Alice Mariano NPC 6,86347.42
Total14,472100.00
Registered voters/turnout20,694
KBL gain from Independent
Source: Commission on Elections

Sangguniang Bayan Election Results

CandidatePartyVotes%
Dooy Penuliar (incumbent) NPC 10,22458.57
Minerva Acedera NPC 9,25753.03
Vivien Peria NPC 8,90851.03
Dack Tamayo (incumbent) KBL 8,82350.55
Luigi De Vera NPC 8,81950.52
Leopoldo Biagtan (incumbent) KBL 8,70749.88
Jimmy Aquino NPC 8,01745.93
Mamerto Eden Jr.(incumbent) NPC 7,48542.88
Allan Visperas NPC 6,24635.78
Wilfredo Calimlim NPC 5,45431.25
Alfredo Fernandez KBL 4,98728.57
Pablo Agustin KBL 4,62926.52
Dodong Casilang KBL 4,61726.45
Mamerto Sison KBL 3,62920.79
Malou Tamayo (incumbent) KBL 3,56720.44
Romulo Estayo Independent 3,55720.38
Romy Paragas Liberal 2,78115.93
Total109,707100.00

2013 Local Elections

LocationERs ReceivedCompletion StatusBar
Mapandan25/3085%
2013 Mapandan Mayoralty Election
PartyCandidateVotes%
NPC Maximo Calimlim Jr. 6,621 57.4
Liberal Jojo Calimlim4.90542.6
Total votes11,526 85.0
2013 Mapandan Vice Mayoralty Election
PartyCandidateVotes%
Independent Jessie Morales 6,392 52.4
NPC Asuncion Calimlim5,81447.6
Total votes12,206 85.0

Elected officials

Members of the Municipal Council
(2010–2013) [27]
PositionName
Congressman Maria Rachel J. Arenas
MayorMaximo M. Calimlim Jr.
Vice-MayorAsuncion DR. Calimlim
Councilors
Joyspeter G. Biagtan
Gerald Glenn L. Tambaoan
Vivien G. Peria
Wilfredo M. Calimlim
Danny B. Tamayo
Blando B. Quinto
Mamerto P. Eden Jr.
Members of the Municipal Council
(2013–2016) [28] [29]
PositionName
Congressman Rose Marie J. Arenas
MayorMaximo M. Calimlim Jr.
Vice-MayorCatalino L. Morales Jr.
Councilors
Anthony C. Penuliar
Alicia A. Mariano
Danny B. Tamayo
Gerald Glenn N. Tambaoan
Blando B. Quinto
Jimmy U. Aquino
Leopoldo C. Biagtan
Jose C. Tamayo (2013-2015) [a]
Malou R. Tamayo (2015-2016)
Members of the Municipal Council
(2016–2019) [30] [31]
PositionName
Congressman Rose Marie J. Arenas
MayorGerald Glenn L. Tambaoan
Vice-MayorAsuncion DR. Calimlim
Councilors
Dooy Penuliar
Minerva Acedera
Vivien Peria
Dack Tamayo
Luigi De Vera
Leopoldo Biagtan
Jimmy Aquino
Mamerto Eden Jr.
Members of the Municipal Council
(2019–2022) [32] [33]
PositionName
Congressman Rose Marie J. Arenas
MayorAnthony C. Penuliar
Vice-MayorAsuncion DR. Calimlim
Councilors
Karl Christian F. Vega
Alicia A. Mariano
Caesar Francis DR. Calimlim
Jimmy U. Aquino
Joyspeter G. Biagtan
Russell R. Tamayo
Mamerto P. Eden Jr.
Venneson L. Peria
Members of the Municipal Council
(2022–2025) [34] [35]
PositionName
Congressman Maria Rachel J. Arenas
MayorKarl Christian F. Vega
Vice-MayorGerald Glenn L. Tambaoan
Councilors
Melvin Jerold A. Ranas
Hilarion R. Morales
Blando B. Quinto
Alicia A. Mariano
Fredie R. Penuliar
John Ericson L. Parayno
Ronnie M. Revilla
Gem T. Castro
Members of the Municipal Council
(2025–2028) [36] [37]
PositionName
Congressman Maria Rachel J. Arenas
MayorKarl Christian F. Vega
Vice-MayorAnthony C. Penuliar
Councilors
Alicia A. Mariano
Percival Z. Biagtan
Blando B. Quinto
Frederick G. Lalas
Michael A. Calimlim
Freddie R. Penuliar
John Ericson L. Parayno
Gem T. Castro

Education

The Mapandan Schools District Office governs all educational institutions within the municipality. It oversees the management and operations of all private and public elementary and high schools. [38]

Map of all schools in Mapandan. Mapandan School Locator.svg
Map of all schools in Mapandan.

Primary and elementary schools

  • Academia Praestantia
  • Amanoaoac Elementary School
  • Baloling Elementary School
  • Central Pangasinan Adventist School
  • Discovery Land Learning School
  • Golden Elementary School
  • Goodnews Educational Institute
  • Jimenez Elementary School
  • Lambayan Elementary School
  • Luyan Elementary School
  • Mapandan Academy
  • Mapandan Catholic School
  • Mapandan Central School SPED Center
  • Nilombot Elementary School
  • Pias Elementary School
  • Primicias Elementary School
  • Sta. Maria Elementary School
  • Torres Elementary School
  • Wendy's Academy

Secondary schools

  • Baloling National High School
  • Mapandan National High School
  • Primicias National High School
  • Torres National High School


Sister cities

These are cities Mapandan are associated with:

Notes

  1. Jose Tamayo died in 2015; his wife, Malou Tamayo, was appointed to his seat.

References

  1. Municipality of Mapandan | (DILG)
  2. "2015 Census of Population, Report No. 3 – Population, Land Area, and Population Density" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. Quezon City, Philippines. August 2016. ISSN   0117-1453. Archived (PDF) from the original on May 25, 2021. Retrieved July 16, 2021.
  3. https://www.floodmap.net/Elevation/ElevationMap/?gi=1701290.{{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  4. "2024 Census of Population (POPCEN) Population Counts Declared Official by the President". Philippine Statistics Authority. 17 July 2025. Retrieved 18 July 2025.
  5. "PSA Releases the 2021 City and Municipal Level Poverty Estimates". Philippine Statistics Authority. 2 April 2024. Retrieved 28 April 2024.
  6. "2024 Census of Population (POPCEN) Population Counts Declared Official by the President". Philippine Statistics Authority. 17 July 2025. Retrieved 18 July 2025.
  7. "Municipal Profile » Municipality of Mapandan". Municipality of Mapandan. Retrieved 2024-12-20.
  8. "Mapandan, Pangasinan: Average Temperatures and Rainfall". World Weather Online. Retrieved 12 October 2015.
  9. "2024 Census of Population (POPCEN) Population Counts Declared Official by the President". Philippine Statistics Authority. 17 July 2025. Retrieved 18 July 2025.
  10. 1 2 Census of Population (2015). "Region I (Ilocos Region)". Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. Philippine Statistics Authority . Retrieved 20 June 2016.
  11. 1 2 Census of Population and Housing (2010). "Region I (Ilocos Region)" (PDF). Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. National Statistics Office . Retrieved 29 June 2016.
  12. 1 2 Censuses of Population (1903–2007). "Region I (Ilocos Region)". Table 1. Population Enumerated in Various Censuses by Province/Highly Urbanized City: 1903 to 2007. National Statistics Office.
  13. 1 2 "Province of". Municipality Population Data. Local Water Utilities Administration Research Division. Retrieved 17 December 2016.
  14. "2024 Census of Population (POPCEN) Population Counts Declared Official by the President". Philippine Statistics Authority. 17 July 2025. Retrieved 18 July 2025.
  15. "PSGC: Barangays – Mapandan". Philippine Statistics Authority. PSA. Retrieved 7 October 2025.
  16. "Municipality Population Data: Province of Pangasinan". Local Water Utilities Administration (LWUA). LWUA Research Division. Retrieved 14 October 2014.
  17. "2020_ETHNICITY_PANGASINAN". Flourish. 7 June 2025. Retrieved 3 November 2025.
  18. "RPH_2020_CENSUS_RELIGION [Desktop]". Flourish. 31 July 2025. Retrieved 2 November 2025.
  19. "Poverty incidence (PI):". Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved December 28, 2020.
  20. "Estimation of Local Poverty in the Philippines" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. 29 November 2005.
  21. "2003 City and Municipal Level Poverty Estimates" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. 23 March 2009.
  22. "City and Municipal Level Poverty Estimates; 2006 and 2009" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. 3 August 2012.
  23. "2012 Municipal and City Level Poverty Estimates" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. 31 May 2016.
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