San Carlos, Pangasinan

San Carlos
Component city
City of San Carlos
Downtown area
Flag Seal
Nickname(s):  Heart of Pangasinan Linguistical center of the Pangasinan language
Map of Pangasinan with San Carlos highlighted
OpenStreetMap
San Carlos Location within the Philippines
Coordinates: 15°55′41″N120°20′56″E / 15.92806°N 120.34889°E / 15.92806; 120.34889
Country	Philippines
Region	Ilocos Region
Province	Pangasinan
District	3rd district
Founded	1578
Cityhood	January 1, 1966
Named for	Charles III of Spain
Barangays	86 (see Barangays)
Government   [1]
• Type	Sangguniang Panlungsod
•  Mayor	Julier C. Resuello
•  Vice Mayor	Joseres S. Resuello
•  Representative	Maria Rachel J. Arenas
•  City Council	Members Elpidio R. Fermin Jr. Joshua G. Resuello Ruby D. Ballesteros Eduardo R. Garcia Jack Lester P. Soriano Carmina D. Paningbatan Alberto S. Castro Generoso D. Tulagan Jr. Christian Carlo A. Cancino Samuel C. Millora
•  Electorate	126,283 voters (2022)
Area [2]
• Total	169.03 km2 (65.26 sq mi)
Elevation	12 m (39 ft)
Highest elevation	172 m (564 ft)
Lowest elevation	0 m (0 ft)
Population  (2020 census) [3]
• Total	205,424
• Density	1,200/km2 (3,100/sq mi)
•  Households	47,785
Economy
•  Income class	3rd city income class
•  Poverty incidence	17.90 % (2021) [4]
•  Revenue	₱ 941.4 million (2020)
•  Assets	₱ 2,525 million (2020)
•  Expenditure	₱ 699.5 million (2020)
•  Liabilities	₱ 655.7 million (2020)
Service provider
• Electricity	Central Pangasinan Electric Cooperative (CENPELCO)
Time zone	UTC+8 (PST)
ZIP code	2420
PSGC	015532000
IDD  :  area code	+63 (0)75
Native languages	Pangasinan Ilocano Tagalog
Website	sancarloscitypangasinan.gov.ph

San Carlos City, officially the City of San Carlos (Pangasinan : Siyudad na San Carlos; Ilocano : Siudad ti San Carlos; Filipino : Lungsod ng San Carlos), is a 3rd class component city in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 205,424 people. ^[3] It is the most populated city in Pangasinan and the entire Ilocos Region.

San Carlos City is 19 kilometers (12 mi) from Lingayen and 208 kilometers (129 mi) from Manila.

Etymology

San Carlos, formerly known as Binalatongan, experienced significant historical events that influenced its name change. In 1660, a revolt led by Andres Malong, and later another insurrection in 1762 headed by Juan dela Cruz Palaris, culminated in humiliating defeats for the Spanish colonial forces. These uprisings prompted King Carlos III of Spain to order the destruction of Binalatongan. Following this directive, the town was razed and subsequently renamed San Carlos, which remains its name today. The renaming served both as a punitive measure and as a means to establish a new order in the aftermath of the rebellions. ^[5]

History

Spanish colonial era

Origins

See also: Caboloan

San Carlos, originally known as Binalatongan, was inhabited by the San Carlenians, who were of Malayan race. They spoke Cabuloan, the original Pangasinan dialect. The San Carlenians were known for their staunch adherence to their beliefs and practices, leading to frequent conflicts with the Augustinian friars. These clashes ultimately forced the Augustinians to abandon the area. However, the Dominicans later succeeded where the Augustinians had failed, establishing San Carlos as a Christian community.

The town's history is marked by significant uprisings led by prominent local figures. Andres Malong and Juan dela Cruz Palaris are two of the most notable leaders. Palaris, whose real name was Pantaleon Perez, earned his moniker due to his agility and skill in native fencing, known as "eskrima de mano." He spearheaded a revolt against the Spanish authorities in 1762, which lasted for two years and spread across Pangasinan. His resistance against excessive tribute and forced labor led to the establishment of an independent government based in Binalatongan.

Revolts

The first significant revolt in the area occurred in 1660, led by Andres Malong. In 1718, during a minor uprising led by Juan Caragay, the church and its convent were set on fire, prompting the relocation of the Poblacion east of the San Juan River. This transfer occurred on November 4, 1718, coinciding with the feast of Saint Charles Borromeo, leading to the settlement being renamed San Carlos Binalatongan. ^[6]

Royal degree and final renaming

In 1763, during another revolt led by Juan dela Cruz Palaris, the convent and the church of Saint Dominic were once again set ablaze. This event led King Charles III of Spain to issue a decree relocating the site to a place then known as "Lucban." The town's major involvement in these uprisings resulted in a royal mandate to rename the town after the Spanish monarch, thus it was renamed San Carlos.

From its foundation until 1764, the Poblacion and the church were relocated several times within the town's present boundaries. The initial site was on the western bank of the Agno River near the Zambales Mountains, likely within the town of Aguilar. It was later moved to the eastern side of the river, within the present barangay Mabalbalino, where it remained through the second half of the 17th century.

The town's rich history of resistance and resilience is encapsulated in its evolution from Binalatongan to San Carlos, reflecting the enduring spirit of its inhabitants and their significant role in regional history. ^[7]

Philippine independence

During the 1960s, the Municipality of San Carlos divided into two precincts. In 1965, the smaller precinct became legally incorporated as the Municipality of Basista by virtue of Republic Act No. 4866. ^[8]

Cityhood

Main article: Cities of the Philippines

In 1966, the larger precinct became legally incorporated as San Carlos City by virtue of Republic Act No. 4487. ^[9]

Contemporary

On April 28, 2007, San Carlos City's former mayor Julian V. Resuello was assassinated during an event at the city's plaza. His own family was accused in this assassination. He later died after two days. ^[10]

Geography

Barangays

Former flag of San Carlos

Former seal of San Carlos

San Carlos is politically subdivided into 87 barangays. Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios.

• Abanon
• M.Soriano St. (Poblacion)
• Agdao
• Anando
• Antipangol
• Aponit
• Bacnar
• Balaya
• Balayong
• Baldog
• Balite Sur
• Balococ
• Bani
• Bega
• Bocboc
• Bugallon-Posadas Street (Poblacion)
• Bogaoan
• Bolingit
• Bolosan
• Bonifacio (Poblacion)
• Buenglat
• Burgos-Padlan (Poblacion)
• Cacaritan
• Caingal
• Calobaoan
• Calomboyan
• Capataan
• Caoayan-Kiling
• Cobol
• Coliling
• Cruz
• Doyong
• Gamata
• Guelew
• Ilang
• Inerangan
• Isla
• Libas
• Lilimasan
• Longos
• Lucban (Poblacion)
• Mabalbalino
• Mabini (Poblacion)
• Magtaking
• Malacañang
• Maliwara
• Mamarlao
• Manzon
• Matagdem
• Mestizo Norte
• Naguilayan
• Nelintap
• Padilla-Gomez (Poblacion)
• Pagal
• Palaming
• Palaris (Poblacion)
• Palospos
• Pangalangan
• Pangoloan
• Pangpang
• Paitan-Panoypoy
• Parayao
• Payapa
• Payar
• Perez Boulevard (Poblacion)
• PNR Site (Poblacion)
• Polo
• Quezon Boulevard (Poblacion)
• Quintong
• Rizal Avenue (Poblacion)
• Roxas Boulevard (Poblacion)
• Salinap
• San Juan
• San Pedro (Poblacion)
• Sapinit
• Supo
• Talang
• Taloy (Poblacion)
• Tamayo
• Tandoc
• Tarece
• Tarectec
• Tayambani
• Tebag
• Turac
• Ano
• Tandang Sora (Poblacion)

Climate

Climate data for San Carlos
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)	31 (88)	31 (88)	31 (88)	33 (91)	32 (90)	32 (90)	30 (86)	30 (86)	30 (86)	31 (88)	31 (88)	31 (88)	31 (88)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)	21 (70)	21 (70)	22 (72)	24 (75)	24 (75)	24 (75)	23 (73)	23 (73)	23 (73)	23 (73)	23 (73)	22 (72)	23 (73)
Average precipitation mm (inches)	5.1 (0.20)	11.6 (0.46)	21.1 (0.83)	27.7 (1.09)	232.9 (9.17)	350.8 (13.81)	679.8 (26.76)	733.1 (28.86)	505 (19.9)	176.6 (6.95)	67.2 (2.65)	17.7 (0.70)	2,828.6 (111.38)
Average rainy days	3	3	3	4	14	18	23	25	22	15	8	4	142
Source: World Weather Online [11]

Demographics

City Hall

Population census of San Carlos

Year	Pop.	±% p.a.
1903	27,166	—
1918	35,780	+1.85%
1939	47,334	+1.34%
1948	61,671	+2.98%
1960	73,900	+1.52%
1970	84,333	+1.33%
1975	90,882	+1.51%
1980	101,243	+2.18%
1990	124,529	+2.09%
1995	134,039	+1.39%
2000	154,264	+3.06%
2007	161,884	+0.67%
2010	175,103	+2.90%
2015	188,571	+1.42%
2020	205,424	+1.70%
Source: Philippine Statistics Authority [12] [13] [14] [15]

Economy

Poverty incidence of San Carlos

5 10 15 20 25 30 2006 29.50 2009 26.43 2012 15.98 2015 12.27 2018 12.73 2021 17.90 Source: Philippine Statistics Authority [16] [17] [18] [19] [20] [21] [22] [23]

Public Market (foreground) and the Don Federico Mandapat Sports Dome (background) can be seen here

The city is also called the "Mango-Bamboo Capital of the Philippines", San Carlos has the largest number of mango trees – their fruits are among the most flavorsome in the country – and a thriving bamboocraft industry. An agroindustrial city, San Carlos also engages in livestock raising, crop production, inland fishing, pottery, food processing, tourism, commerce and trade, small-scale manufacturing, and flour-making. San Carlos is said to have an ideal investment potential because of its large land area, big population and strategic location, being in the center of Pangasinan.

Government

San Carlos City Hall

Local government

Main article: Sangguniang Panglungsod

San Carlos, belonging to the third congressional district of the province of Pangasinan, is governed by a mayor designated as its local chief executive and by a municipal council as its legislative body in accordance with the Local Government Code. The mayor, vice mayor, and the councilors are elected directly by the people through an election which is being held every three years.

Elected officials

-

Position	Name
District Representative (3rd Legislative District the Province of Pangasinan)	Rose Marie J. Arenas
Chief Executive of the City of San Carlos	Mayor Julier C. Resuello
Presiding Officer of the City Council of San Carlos	Vice Mayor Joseres S. Resuello
Councilors of the City of San Carlos	Sam Baniqued
	Jack Lester P. Soriano
	Eduardo R. Garcia
	Joshua G. Resuello
	Christian Carlo A. Cancino
	Winston Millora
	Alberto S. Castro
	Carmina D. Paningbatan
	Jun Banaag
	Karen Joyce Frias

Tourism

St. Dominic Church and city plaza

Interesting spots of the town include:

• 435-year-old Minor Basilica of Saint Dominic
• Speaker Eugenio Perez Memorial Park
• City Plaza
• Quadricentennial Arch in Bolingit
• Binalatongan Ruins in San Juan
• Philippine Fruit Corporation at Barangay Pagal

Giant mango pie

On April 26, 2011, 86 barangays in San Carlos baked a 100-square-meter mango pie — filling a gymnasium and setting the largest mango pie world record (400 sqm na mango pie, iniluto sa San Carlos City). Natives used 400 trays of mango pies (10 kilos each, P 400,000, in a 100-square-meter table and shared by more than 1,200). It highlighted San Carlos City's Mango-Bamboo Festival 2011. ^{[25] [26] [27] [28]}

Transportation

Bus companies with service to and from Manila include Five Star Bus Company, Dagupan Bus Company, Fermina Express, Pangasinan Solid North Transit, Inc., First North Luzon Transit, .

Jeepneys are available for commuters to its neighboring towns, like Calasiao and Malasiqui. Tricycles are available for commuters to barrios and barangays.

Gallery

• 
  View of the city from the Bell Tower
• 
  Eugenio Pérez Memorial Building, Museum
• 
  Kaluyagan Rural Bank and Palaris Colleges School (JT Baun Building)
• 
  Pangasinan Provincial Hospital
• 
  City Supermarket, Inc.
• 
  Old public market in 2015 (razed by 2024 fire ^[29]

References

1.   City of San Carlos | (DILG)
2. "2015 Census of Population, Report No. 3 – Population, Land Area, and Population Density" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. Quezon City, Philippines. August 2016. ISSN   0117-1453. Archived (PDF) from the original on May 25, 2021. Retrieved July 16, 2021.
3. Census of Population (2020). "Region I (Ilocos Region)". Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. Philippine Statistics Authority . Retrieved July 8, 2021.
4. "PSA Releases the 2021 City and Municipal Level Poverty Estimates". Philippine Statistics Authority. April 2, 2024. Retrieved April 28, 2024.
5. "San Carlos City". Province of Pangasinan Official Website. Retrieved June 4, 2024.
6. "The Beautiful Place that is San Carlos, Pangasinan". triptheislands.com. August 9, 2015. Retrieved November 4, 2022.
7. "History". sancarlospangasinan.gov.ph. Retrieved June 4, 2024.
8. "Republic Act No. 4866 – An Act Declaring Basista, Province of Pangasinan, Created by Executive Order Numbered Four Hundred Forty-Six Dated September Five, Nineteen Hundred Sixty-One, as a Duly Constituted Municipality". laws.chanrobles.com. Chan Robles Virtual Law Library. May 8, 1967. Retrieved November 21, 2019.
9. "Republic Act No. 4487 – An Act Creating the City of San Carlos in Pangasinan". laws.chanrobles.com. Chan Robles Virtual Law Library. June 19, 1965. Retrieved November 21, 2019.
10. Myds Supnad (May 2, 2007). "Cops identify gunman in killing of San Carlos mayor". The Philippine Star. Philstar Global Corp. Retrieved November 21, 2019.
11. "San Carlos, Pangasinan: Average Temperatures and Rainfall". World Weather Online. Retrieved October 31, 2015.
12. Census of Population (2015). "Region I (Ilocos Region)". Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. Philippine Statistics Authority . Retrieved June 20, 2016.
13. Census of Population and Housing (2010). "Region I (Ilocos Region)" (PDF). Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. National Statistics Office . Retrieved June 29, 2016.
14. Censuses of Population (1903–2007). "Region I (Ilocos Region)". Table 1. Population Enumerated in Various Censuses by Province/Highly Urbanized City: 1903 to 2007. National Statistics Office.
15. "Province of Pangasinan". Municipality Population Data. Local Water Utilities Administration Research Division. Retrieved December 17, 2016.
16. "Poverty incidence (PI):". Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved December 28, 2020.
17. "Estimation of Local Poverty in the Philippines" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. November 29, 2005.
18. "2003 City and Municipal Level Poverty Estimates" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. March 23, 2009.
19. "City and Municipal Level Poverty Estimates; 2006 and 2009" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. August 3, 2012.
20. "2012 Municipal and City Level Poverty Estimates" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. May 31, 2016.
21. "Municipal and City Level Small Area Poverty Estimates; 2009, 2012 and 2015". Philippine Statistics Authority. July 10, 2019.
22. "PSA Releases the 2018 Municipal and City Level Poverty Estimates". Philippine Statistics Authority. December 15, 2021. Retrieved January 22, 2022.
23. "PSA Releases the 2021 City and Municipal Level Poverty Estimates". Philippine Statistics Authority. April 2, 2024. Retrieved April 28, 2024.
25. Manila Bulletin
26. "Giant mango pie aims for Guinness world record". ABS-CBN News.
27. BP: 400 sqm na mango pie, iniluto sa San Carlos City | Balita Pilipinas | GMA News Online
28. Largest Mango Pie: Philippines sets world record
29. Austria, Hilda (August 22, 2024). "Fire razes old public market in Pangasinan city". Philippine News Agency . Retrieved August 23, 2024.

External links

• City Profile at the National Competitiveness Council of the Philippines
• San Carlos at the Pangasinan Government Website
• Local Governance Performance Management System Archived October 10, 2016, at the Wayback Machine
• Philippine Standard Geographic Code
• Philippine Census Information