Tandag Siyudad nan Tandag | |
---|---|
City of Tandag | |
Location within the Philippines | |
Coordinates: 9°04′44″N126°11′55″E / 9.0789°N 126.1986°E | |
Country | Philippines |
Region | Caraga |
Province | Surigao del Sur |
District | 1st district |
Cityhood | June 23, 2007 (Lost cityhood in 2008 and 2010) |
Affirmed Cityhood | February 15, 2011 |
Barangays | 21 (see Barangays) |
Government | |
• Type | Sangguniang Panlungsod |
• Mayor | Roxanne C. Pimentel |
• Vice Mayor | Eleanor D. Momo |
• Representative | Romeo S. Momo Sr. |
• City Council | Members |
• Electorate | 43,776 voters (2022) |
Area | |
• Total | 291.73 km2 (112.64 sq mi) |
Elevation | 88 m (289 ft) |
Highest elevation | 916 m (3,005 ft) |
Lowest elevation | 0 m (0 ft) |
Population (2020 census) [3] | |
• Total | 62,669 |
• Density | 210/km2 (560/sq mi) |
• Households | 14,931 |
Economy | |
• Income class | 5th city income class |
• Poverty incidence | 19.13 |
• Revenue | ₱ 772.6 million (2020) |
• Assets | ₱ 1,590 million (2020) |
• Expenditure | ₱ 651 million (2020) |
• Liabilities | ₱ 329.8 million (2020) |
Service provider | |
• Electricity | Surigao del Sur 2 Electric Cooperative (SURSECO 2) |
Time zone | UTC+08:00 (PST) |
ZIP code | 8300 |
PSGC | |
IDD : area code | +63 (0)86 |
Official Languages | Tandaganon Surigaonon Tagalog Cebuano |
Website | www |
Tandag, officially the City of Tandag (Tandaganon/Surigaonon: Siyudad nan Tandag; Cebuano: Dakbayan sa Tandag; Filipino : Lungsod ng Tandag), is a 5th class component city and capital of the province of Surigao del Sur, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 62,669 people. [3]
Farming and fishing are the main economic activity for most of the people in Tandag. The chief farm products are rice, corn, and coconut. Livestock- and poultry-raising are also important sources of income. Tandag has a national secondary airport and a seaport.
Tandag has a land area of 291.73 square kilometers or 112.64 square miles. This constitutes 5.91% of the land area of Surigao del Sur. The population density of the city is at 193 inhabitants per square kilometer or 500 inhabitants per square mile.[ citation needed ]
Many versions have been given regarding the name of Tandag. One version states that Father Calan, Father Encarnacion, and another priest were on their way to visit chieftain Suba to baptize his people. When one of the missionaries asked a native rowing their boat what name of the place was with fingers pointing downward, the native thought the priest meant the school of fish. He answered "tamda", meaning 'look down'. This name later became Tandag. Father Encarnacion, a member of the group, was later killed by the natives.
Another version states that when Spanish-Peruvian historian and explorer Inca Garcilaso de la Vega landed in Tandag to subdue the ferocious Caragas (as the rebellious natives were called then), he did not know the name of the place so he inquired from a native who was gathering the leaves of an herb locally known as tanglad. The native, who did not understand Spanish, answered "tangad". Later the name was changed to Tandag.
One more account tells of a group of Spanish soldiers and missionaries who lost their way around the settlement. When they asked for correct directions, the natives, who could not understand Spanish, merely laughed at them, continually saying the word "tarantados", meaning 'lost'. Thus, the name Tandag' meant lost.
Long before Tandag became what it is today—the bustling capital town of Surigao del Sur was inhabited by the Manobos and the Mamanwas who lived along the river banks under the leadership of Suba, their Chieftain. Suba was later converted into Christianity by Father Juan de la Encarnacion, a Spanish missionary. After Legazpi’s final conquest to the Philippines in 1609, the Spanish government sent missionaries accompanied by platoons of guardia civil to subdue the hostile natives. One of these missionaries was Father Juan de la Vega who was assigned in Tandag. In an effort to establish a symbol of authority, Fr. dela Vega erected a stone fort and built a small settlement about a size of a football field enclosed by a stone wall. Out of this settlement rose the town of Tandag, which later on became a center of faith.
During this period Tandag became a port-of-call for the Spanish galleons that sailed along the southern part of Mindanao. It is still believed that somewhere underneath the sea near Tandag's Linongao Islands lies a sunken galleon ship.
After the Spanish missionaries' visit to Tandag, a group of Italian explorers and soldiers then landed in the city. They did what the Spanish did, but mandated that Italian be one of the city's primary language aside from Surigaonon, Cebuano, and Filipino. Strict compliance was enforced during those times, which explains why Italian became Tandag's local dialect aside from the mainstay Surigaonon.
In 1650, Tandag became the capital town of Surigao or Caraga, then a district that covered the present provinces of Agusan del Sur, Agusan del Norte, Surigao del Sur, Surigao del Norte, and a part of Davao. As the center of faith and capital town, Tandag was fortified with cottas which were erected sometime in the 18th century. The cottas were placed in the northern part of the town and near the old cemetery on the western side. These fortifications served to protect the town from Moro raids.
In several separate attacks between 1754 and 1767, the Moro pirates wrought havoc and destruction to Tandag. Father Jose Ducos, a Jesuit from Iligan, came to the rescue and rebuilt Tandag. He established the Tandag Garrison and restored the Tandag priory. Although a part of the Tandag fort survived, it was demolished during the Second World War. Calamities like typhoons and earthquakes destroyed what remained of it. This explains why there are no remains of these structures that could be seen today.
During World War II, for much of the war Tandag was free from the Japanese occupation that followed the American and Filipino military forces' surrender in May 1942. However, on April 27, 1944, about 500 Japanese troops landed by a number of boats a short distance outside town. Most of the residents fled to the mountains nearby when the Japanese arrived. The 10th Military District of the U.S. Army maintained a guerrilla presence in Mindanao in World War II. Capt. Charles Hansen led a small group of guerrillas against the Japanese. Outnumbered, the guerrillas were unable to dislodge the Japanese and about ten days later another group of guerrillas made a second attempt to force the Japanese out. The Japanese remained in town several weeks and left after causing much damage in Tandag. [5] [6]
Real transformation was finally afforded to Tandag via Republic Act No. 2786, an act that created Surigao del Sur and whose salient measure made Tandag the capital and seat of the provincial government of Surigao del Sur.
On June 23, 2007, Tandag, by virtue of Republic Act No. 9392, became a city.
The Supreme Court declared the cityhood law of Tandag and 15 other cities unconstitutional after a petition filed by the League of Cities of the Philippines in its ruling on November 18, 2008. On December 22, 2009, the cityhood law of Tandag and 15 other municipalities regain its status as cities again after the court reversed its ruling on November 18, 2008. On August 23, 2010, the court reinstated its ruling on November 18, 2008, causing Tandag and 15 cities to become regular municipalities. Finally, on February 15, 2011, Tandag becomes a city again including the 15 municipalities declaring that the conversion to cityhood met all legal requirements.
After six years of legal battle, in its board resolution, the League of Cities of the Philippines acknowledged and recognized the cityhood of Tandag and 15 other cities.
Tandag City is located along the northeastern coast of Mindanao facing the Philippine Sea. It is bounded on the north by the municipalities of Cortes and Lanuza, on the east by the Philippine Sea, on the south by the towns of Tago and San Miguel, and on the west by the Municipality of Sibagat in the province of Agusan del Sur. It is located 448 nautical miles from Manila and 150 nautical miles from Cebu. The distance from Surigao City in the north to Tandag is about 200 kilometres (120 mi) and 331 kilometres (206 mi) is the distance from Davao City to the south.
Tandag is politically subdivided into 21 barangays. Each barangay consists of puroks while some have sitios.
Most of the barangays are considered rural areas.
Climate data for Tandag | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Average high °C (°F) | 28.9 (84.0) | 29.0 (84.2) | 29.8 (85.6) | 31.0 (87.8) | 31.8 (89.2) | 31.7 (89.1) | 31.8 (89.2) | 31.9 (89.4) | 31.9 (89.4) | 31.4 (88.5) | 30.4 (86.7) | 29.5 (85.1) | 30.8 (87.4) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | 25.6 (78.1) | 25.6 (78.1) | 26.1 (79.0) | 27.0 (80.6) | 27.7 (81.9) | 27.5 (81.5) | 27.6 (81.7) | 27.6 (81.7) | 27.5 (81.5) | 27.3 (81.1) | 26.6 (79.9) | 26.1 (79.0) | 26.9 (80.3) |
Average low °C (°F) | 22.3 (72.1) | 22.2 (72.0) | 22.5 (72.5) | 23.0 (73.4) | 23.7 (74.7) | 23.4 (74.1) | 23.4 (74.1) | 23.4 (74.1) | 23.2 (73.8) | 23.2 (73.8) | 22.9 (73.2) | 22.7 (72.9) | 23.0 (73.4) |
Average rainfall mm (inches) | 769 (30.3) | 647 (25.5) | 487 (19.2) | 346 (13.6) | 252 (9.9) | 178 (7.0) | 174 (6.9) | 146 (5.7) | 163 (6.4) | 212 (8.3) | 462 (18.2) | 654 (25.7) | 4,490 (176.7) |
Source: Climate-Data.org [7] |
Tandag has a tropical rainforest climate (Af) with heavy-to-very-heavy rainfall year-round and extremely heavy rainfall in January.
Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
1903 | 3,751 | — | ||
1918 | 14,573 | +9.47% | ||
1939 | 12,702 | −0.65% | ||
1948 | 14,099 | +1.17% | ||
1960 | 10,441 | −2.47% | ||
1970 | 19,847 | +6.63% | ||
1975 | 21,775 | +1.88% | ||
1980 | 25,386 | +3.12% | ||
1990 | 34,351 | +3.07% | ||
1995 | 39,222 | +2.52% | ||
2000 | 44,327 | +2.66% | ||
2007 | 50,459 | +1.80% | ||
2010 | 52,114 | +1.18% | ||
2015 | 56,364 | +1.50% | ||
2020 | 62,669 | +2.11% | ||
| ||||
Source: Philippine Statistics Authority [8] [9] [10] |
It consists of twenty-one (21) barangays. Six of which are urban barangays, five are coastal barangays, four are built-up expansions, and six are hinterland barangays. The urban barangays comprise 1,594.10 hectares; 3,464.61 hectares for coastal barangays; 2,233.15 hectares for built-up expansion barangays and 4,964.34 hectares for hinterland barangays.
Major languages spoken in the area are Tandaganon, Surigaonon, Filipino, and Cebuano (Mindanao variant). English is widely used in schools, businesses, and government offices.
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The Surigao del Sur Sports Center (formerly named as Gregorio P. Murillo Sports Complex) is a multi-sports complex, located near the provincial capitol situated in Tandag City, which has hosted the Caraga Regional Athletic Meet, several times. The Tandag City Gymnasium is an indoor gymnasium located at Luis Perez corner Serra Street, adjacent the local police station.
Surigao del Norte, officially the Province of Surigao del Norte, is a province in the Philippines located in the Caraga region of Mindanao. The province was formerly under the jurisdiction of Region 10 until 1995. Its capital is Surigao City. The province comprises two major islands—Siargao and Bucas Grande—in the Philippine Sea, plus a small area at the northeastern tip of mainland Mindanao and other surrounding minor islands and islets. This mainland portion borders Agusan del Norte – between the Municipality of Alegria in Surigao del Norte and the Municipality of Kitcharao in Agusan del Norte; and the province of Surigao del Sur, to the south.
Surigao del Sur, officially the Province of Surigao del Sur, is a province in the Philippines located in the Caraga region in Mindanao. Its capital is Tandag City. Surigao del Sur is situated at the eastern coast of Mindanao and faces the Philippine Sea to the east.
Caraga, officially the Caraga Administrative Region and designated as Region XIII, is an administrative region in the Philippines occupying the northeastern section of Mindanao. The region was created through Republic Act No. 7901 on February 23, 1995. The region comprises five provinces: Agusan del Norte, Agusan del Sur, Dinagat Islands, Surigao del Norte, and Surigao del Sur; six cities: Bayugan, Bislig, Butuan, Cabadbaran, Surigao and Tandag; 67 municipalities and 1,311 barangays. Butuan, the most urbanized city in Caraga, serves as the regional administrative center.
Sibagat, officially the Municipality of Sibagat, is a 1st class municipality in the province of Agusan del Sur, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 33,957 people.
Bislig, officially the City of Bislig, is a 3rd class component city in the province of Surigao del Sur, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 99,290 people.
Surigaonon is an Austronesian language spoken by Surigaonon people. As a regional Philippine language, it is spoken in the province of Surigao del Norte, Dinagat Islands, Surigao del Sur, and some portions of Agusan del Norte, especially the towns near the Mainit Lake, Agusan del Sur and Davao Oriental.
Alegria, officially the Municipality of Alegria, is a 5th class municipality in the province of Surigao del Norte, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 16,184 people.
Cantilan, officially the Municipality of Cantilan, is a 2nd class municipality in the province of Surigao del Sur, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 34,060 people.
Butuan, officially the City of Butuan, is a 1st class highly urbanized city in the region of Caraga, Philippines. It is the de facto capital of the province of Agusan del Norte where it is geographically situated but has an administratively independent government. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 372,910 people.
Cabadbaran, officially the City of Cabadbaran, is a sixth class component city and de jure capital of the province of Agusan del Norte, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 80,354 people.
Bayugan, officially the City of Bayugan, is a 5th class component city in the province of Agusan del Sur, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 109,499 people..
San Francisco, officially the Municipality of San Francisco, is a 1st class municipality in the province of Agusan del Sur, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 80,760 people.
Dapa, officially the Municipality of Dapa, is a 4th class municipality in the province of Surigao del Norte, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 29,006 people.
Surigao City, officially the City of Surigao, is a 1st class component city and capital of the province of Surigao del Norte, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 171,107 people.
Barobo, officially the Municipality of Barobo, is a 3rd class municipality in the province of Surigao del Sur, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 53,146 people.
Lianga, officially the Municipality of Lianga, is a 4th class municipality in the province of Surigao del Sur, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 33,869 people.
Madrid, officially the Municipality of Madrid, is a 4th class municipality in the province of Surigao del Sur, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 16,653 people.
Tago, officially the Municipality of Tago, is a 2nd class municipality in the province of Surigao del Sur, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 39,831 people.
Tandag Airport is the airport serving the general area of Tandag, the capital city of Surigao del Sur in the Philippines. It is one of two airports in Surigao del Sur, the other being Bislig Airport, Later that was flooded in the news. The airport is classified as a Class 2 principal airport by the Civil Aviation Authority of the Philippines, a body of the Department of Transportation that is responsible for the operations of not only this airport but also of all other airports in the Philippines except the major international airports.
Surigao was a province of the Philippines. Originally a Spanish-era district, became a chartered province on May 15, 1901. The province was dissolved on 1960.