Zamboanga del Norte

Last updated
Zamboanga del Norte
Dakak riverside Dapitan City.jpg
St. James the Greater Church, Dapitan City (Features) 27.JPG
Katipunan Archway.jpg
Zamboanga del Norte Provincial Capitol.jpg
(from top: left to right) Dakak Beach, Saint James the Greater Church, Katipunan Arch and Provincial Capitol Building in Dipolog
Zamboanga del Norte Flag.png
Ph seal zamboanga del norte.png
Motto(s): 
Unity, Prosperity, Peace
Zamboanga del Norte in Philippines.svg
Location in the Philippines
OpenStreetMap
Zamboanga del Norte
Coordinates: 8°08′00″N123°00′00″E / 8.1333333°N 123°E / 8.1333333; 123
Country Philippines
Region Zamboanga Peninsula
Founded June 6, 1952
Capital
and largest city
Dipolog
Government
  Type Sangguniang Panlalawigan
   Governor Rosalina G. Jalosjos (Nacionalista)
   Vice Governor Julius C. Napigquit (PDP–Laban)
  Legislature Zamboanga del Norte Provincial Board
Area
[1]
  Total7,301.00 km2 (2,818.93 sq mi)
  Rank9th out of 81
Highest elevation
(Mount Dansalan)
629 m (2,064 ft)
Population
 (2020 census) [2]
  Total1,047,455
  Rank27th out of 81
  Density140/km2 (370/sq mi)
   Rank60th out of 81
Divisions
   Independent cities 0
   Component cities
   Municipalities
   Barangays 691
   Districts Legislative districts of Zamboanga del Norte
Time zone UTC+8 (PHT)
ZIP code
7100–7124
IDD : area code +63(0)65
ISO 3166 code PH-ZAN
Spoken languages
Income classification1st class
Website Province of Zamboanga del Norte Official Website

Zamboanga del Norte (Cebuano: Amihanang Zamboanga; Subanon: Utara Sembwangan; Filipino : Hilagang Zamboanga), officially the Province of Zamboanga del Norte, is a province in the Philippines situated within the Zamboanga Peninsula region in Mindanao. Its capital and largest city is Dipolog and the province borders Zamboanga del Sur and Zamboanga Sibugay to the south, Misamis Occidental to the east, and the Sulu Sea to the west.

Contents

Zamboanga del Norte is the largest province of the Zamboanga Peninsula region by land area covering 7,301.00 square kilometres (2,818.93 sq mi). [1] Zamboanga del Norte is the 26th populous province in the Philippines.

History

American invasion era

The historical province of Zamboanga in 1918 Zamboanga province map 1918.JPG
The historical province of Zamboanga in 1918

Prior to its creation as a province, Zamboanga del Norte formed the northern portion of the historical province of Zamboanga.

The early history of Zamboanga del Norte is shared with that of Zamboanga City, which had been the center of the entire Mindanao area, most notably during the American era. When Zamboanga City became a chartered city on October 12, 1936, it encompassed the southern tip of the Zamboanga Peninsula and the island of Basilan, making it the largest city in the world in terms of land area.

Philippine independence

Foundation

Through Republic Act No. 711 issued on June 6, 1952, Zamboanga province was divided into two independent provinces, which included Zamboanga del Sur. [3]

Martial law era

The late 1960s in Mindanao saw a rise in land dispute conflicts arising from the influx of settlers from Luzon and Visayas, [4] [5] and from the Marcos administration’s encouragement of militia groups such as the Ilaga. [6] [7] News of the 1968 Jabidah massacre ignited a furor in the Moro community, and ethnic tensions encouraged with the formation of secessionist movements, [8] starting from the largely political Muslim Independence Movement and Bangsamoro Liberation Organization, and eventually the Moro National Liberation Front (MNLF), and the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF). [7] Additionally, an economic crisis in late 1969, violent crackdowns on student protests in 1970, and 1971, and eventually the declaration of Martial Law all led to the radicalization of many students. [9] Many of them left schools in Manila and joined the New People's Army "underground" in various provinces away from the capital, bringing the New People's Army rebellion to Mindanao for the first time. [10]

The September 1972 declaration of Martial Law began a 14-year period historically remembered for its human rights abuses, [11] [12] often involving the warrantless detention, murder, and physical, sexual, or mental torture of political opponents, student activists, journalists, religious workers, farmers, and others who fought against the Marcos dictatorship. [13] Zamboanga del Norte was the site of at least one major assassination during the Marcos Martial law era - the gunning down of Human Rights lawyers Jacobo Amatong and Zorro Aguilar by two soldiers of the Marcos government, who were never caught. [14] [15] [16] In the underground, a prominent figure who was killed was underground acupuncturist and paramedic Leo Alto, who spent much of his time helping the Subanon communities in Zamboanga del Norte to fight for their ancestral lands. Alto and a Subanon companion were killed by the Philippine Constabulary in Polanco, Zamboanga del Norte on August 1, 1975. [17]

Alto, and lawyers Amatong and Aguilar have since been honored by having their names inscribed on the wall of remembrance at the Philippines’ Bantayog ng mga Bayani, which honors the heroes and martyrs who fought against Ferdinand Marcos and his martial law regime. [14]

Contemporary

Proposed carving out of new province

In 2017, House Bill No. 5040 was introduced in the House of Representatives seeking to carve out a new province from Zamboanga del Norte. The proposed Zamboanga Hermosa province was to consist of 12 municipalities and 2 legislative districts that make up the 3rd legislative district of Zamboanga del Norte: [18] [19] Baliguian, Godod, Gutalac, Kalawit, Labason, Leon B. Postigo, Liloy (its proposed capital), Salug, Sibuco, Siocon, Sirawai, and Tampilisan. However, the bill ultimately did not pass the 17th congress.

In 2023, a new House Bill 9311 proposed a creation of a new province, Zamboanga Occidental. The proposed province is supposed to include twelve municipalities: Leon B. Postigo, Salug, Godod, Liloy, Tampilisan, Kalawit, Labason, Gutalac, Baliguian, Siocon, Sirawai, and Sibuco. [20]

Geography

Dakak riverside in Dapitan Dakak riverside Dapitan City.jpg
Dakak riverside in Dapitan

Zamboanga del Norte covers a total area of 7,301.00 square kilometres (2,818.93 sq mi) [21] occupying the northern portion of the Zamboanga Peninsula in western Mindanao. The province is bordered on the north and west by the Sulu Sea, on the northeast by Misamis Occidental, and on the south by Zamboanga del Sur and Zamboanga Sibugay.

It has an average elevation of 243.8 metres (800 ft), with Mount Dabiak in Katipunan as the highest peak at 2,600 metres (8,500 ft). Other parts, near the coastlines, are plains. The province's irregular coastline runs some 400 kilometres (250 mi) from north to south.

Climate

Zamboanga del Norte has a mild and moderate climate due to evenly distributed rainfall throughout the year. Its southern portion has a longer dry season.

Climate data for Zamboanga del Norte
MonthJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecYear
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)30.4
(86.7)
30.5
(86.9)
31.6
(88.9)
32.6
(90.7)
32.3
(90.1)
31.7
(89.1)
31.6
(88.9)
31.6
(88.9)
31.8
(89.2)
31.5
(88.7)
31.4
(88.5)
30.8
(87.4)
31.5
(88.7)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)21.8
(71.2)
21.9
(71.4)
20.8
(69.4)
22.2
(72.0)
21.2
(70.2)
21.0
(69.8)
21.1
(70.0)
21.0
(69.8)
21.1
(70.0)
21.3
(70.3)
21.4
(70.5)
21.3
(70.3)
21.3
(70.4)
Average rainy days1510871017161614161716162
Source: Storm247 [22]

Administrative divisions

Political map of the province Ph fil zamboanga del norte.png
Political map of the province

Zamboanga del Norte comprises 25 municipalities and 2 cities. Dipolog, Sindangan, and Dapitan are the most densely populated areas in the province. These are further subdivided into 691 barangays, and clustered into 3 congressional districts. [21]

Sibuco is the largest municipality by land area, constituting

  •   Provincial capital and component city
  •   Component city
  •  Municipality

Demographics

Population census of Zamboanga del Norte
YearPop.±% p.a.
1903 23,577    
1918 57,255+6.09%
1939 138,849+4.31%
1948 167,700+2.12%
1960 281,429+4.41%
1970 409,379+3.81%
1975 490,515+3.69%
1980 588,015+3.69%
YearPop.±% p.a.
1990 676,862+1.42%
1995 770,697+2.46%
2000 823,130+1.42%
2007 907,238+1.35%
2010 957,997+2.00%
2015 1,011,393+1.04%
2020 1,047,455+0.69%
Source: Philippine Statistics Authority [23] [24] [25]

The population of Zamboanga del Norte in the 2020 census was 1,047,455 people, [2] with a density of 140 inhabitants per square kilometre or 360 inhabitants per square mile. Dipolog is the most populated locality in the province, followed by the town of Sindangan and city of Dapitan.

The main language spoken is Cebuano. Other languages include Chavacano, Subanon, Filipino, and English.

Religion

The predominant religion was Islam until the Spanish regime took over the region and spread Christianity with the help of the church's mission orders like the Jesuits, Augustinians, and Dominicans. The province's first martyr of faith, soon to be raised as a saint, in Mindanao island was Padre Francesco Palliola, S.J. He was a Jesuit missionary from Nola, Italy, and was assigned to Zamboanga Peninsula. He was active as a missionary in Lubungan (Katipuan), Zamboanga del Norte, Iligan, Dapitan, and met his martyrdom at the barrio of Ponot, now a town of Jose Dalman. Roman Catholicism is a significant majority with about 50% adherence. The province has one diocese – the Roman Catholic Diocese of Dipolog under the Archdiocese of Ozamis, covering the entire province. There are also followers of other Christian sects.

Government

Officials

These are the officials after the local elections of 2022:

Governor: Rosalina "Nene" G. Jalosjos (Nacionalista)

Vice Governor: Julius C. Napigquit (PDP–Laban)

Members of the House of Representatives:

Board Members

Economy

Poverty incidence of Zamboanga del Norte

10
20
30
40
50
60
70
2006
65.48
2009
68.51
2012
54.36
2015
60.53
2018
45.44
2021
40.80

Source: Philippine Statistics Authority [26] [27] [28] [29] [30] [31] [32] [33]

Zamboanga del Norte Medical Center in Dipolog Zamboanga del Norte Medical Center.jpg
Zamboanga del Norte Medical Center in Dipolog

About half of the province's land area is devoted to agriculture. Corn, coconut, and rice are the major crops. The province being rich in marine and mineral sources, its fish production has accelerated through the development of fishponds. Commercial fishing has steadily increased through the years, with the yellow fin tuna as the primary species.

In 2006, a study by National Statistics Coordination Board (NSCB), found Zamboanga del Norte Province to be the Philippines' poorest province with a poverty incidence rate of 64.6%, an increase from 47% in year 2000 statistical figures. [34]

As of 2015, the province's poverty incidence has dropped to 51.6% (ranking 8th). [35] Large foreign mining companies operating within the province such as Canadian company TVI Resource Development and Philex Mining Corp. cause adverse effects to the culture and traditions of the indigenous Subanon and other poor settlers. [36] [37] [38]

Notable people

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Zamboanga (province)</span> Former province of the Philippines

Zamboanga was a province of the Philippines located in the western region of the southern island of Mindanao, Philippines.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Zamboanga del Sur</span> Province in Zamboanga Peninsula, Philippines

Zamboanga del Sur, officially the Province of Zamboanga del Sur, is a province in the Philippines located in the Zamboanga Peninsula region in Mindanao. Its capital is the city of Pagadian.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Zamboanga Peninsula</span> Administrative region of the Philippines

Zamboanga Peninsula is an administrative region in Mindanao, Philippines, designated as Region IX. It consists of the provinces of Zamboanga del Norte, Zamboanga Sibugay and Zamboanga del Sur, and the cities of Isabela and Zamboanga City. The region was previously known as Western Mindanao. Pagadian serves as the regional center, while Zamboanga City is the commercial and industrial center.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Zamboanga Sibugay</span> Province in Zamboanga Peninsula, Philippines

Zamboanga Sibugay, officially the Province of Zamboanga Sibugay, is a province in the Philippines located in the Zamboanga Peninsula region in Mindanao. Its capital and largest town is Ipil and it borders Zamboanga del Norte to the north, Zamboanga del Sur to the east and Zamboanga City to the southwest. To the south lies Sibuguey Bay in the Moro Gulf.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lanao del Norte</span> Province in Northern Mindanao, Philippines

Lanao del Norte, officially the Province of Lanao del Norte, is a province in the Philippines located in the Northern Mindanao region. Its capital is Tubod.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dipolog</span> Capital of Zamboanga del Norte, Philippines

Dipolog, officially the City of Dipolog, is a 3rd class component city and capital of the province of Zamboanga del Norte, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 138,141 people making it the most populous in the province.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dapitan</span> Component city in Zamboanga del Norte, Philippines

Dapitan, officially the City of Dapitan, is a 3rd class component city in the province of Zamboanga del Norte, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 85,202 people.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Polanco, Zamboanga del Norte</span> Municipality in Zamboanga del Norte, Philippines

Polanco, officially the Municipality of Polanco, is a 3rd class municipality in the province of Zamboanga del Norte, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 42,265 people.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Salug</span> Municipality in Zamboanga del Norte, Philippines

Salug, officially the Municipality of Salug, is a 3rd class municipality in the province of Zamboanga del Norte, Philippines. As of the 2020 census, it had a population of 32,134 people.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sindangan</span> Municipality in Zamboanga del Norte, Philippines

Sindangan, officially the Municipality of Sindangan, is a 1st class municipality in the province of Zamboanga del Norte, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 103,952 people.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tampilisan</span> Municipality in Zamboanga del Norte, Philippines

Tampilisan, officially the Municipality of Tampilisan, is a 4th class municipality in the province of Zamboanga del Norte, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 24,680 people.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Molave, Zamboanga del Sur</span> Municipality in Zamboanga del Sur, Philippines

Molave, officially known as the Municipality of Molave, is a 1st class municipality in the province of Zamboanga del Sur, Philippines. In the 2020 census, it had 53,140 people. It is in the eastern part of the province of Zamboanga del Sur, and has an area of 21,685 hectares. The name "Molave" refers to the tree that was common in the area. Its economy is focused on agricultural production, and 1,378.5 hectares of fertile land is irrigated and planted with rice. Corn, coconut, cassava, banana, camote and various vegetables are also grown. These are marketed to neighboring towns and cities, and reach Cebu. Due to its strategic location, Molave is becoming the commercial hub of the Salug Valley. It is the most populous municipality in Zamboanga del Sur, and the third most populous in Region IX.

The legislative districts of Zamboanga del Norte are the representations of the province of Zamboanga del Norte in the various national legislatures of the Philippines. The province is currently represented in the lower house of the Congress of the Philippines through its first, second and third congressional districts.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Zamboanga del Norte National High School</span> Public high school in Zamboanga del Norte, Philippines

The Zamboanga del Norte National High School (ZNNHS) is a public high school under the Department of Education of the Philippines in Dipolog, Zamboanga del Norte, Mindanao, Philippines. It has two campuses: ZNNHS Main Campus is in General Luna Street, Estaka; and Campus II is in Lower Turno.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Manukan, Zamboanga del Norte</span> Municipality in Zamboanga del Norte, Philippines

Manukan, officially the Municipality of Manukan, is a 3rd class municipality in the province of Zamboanga del Norte, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 36,887 people.

The COVID-19 pandemic in Zamboanga Peninsula is part of the worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. The virus reached Zamboanga Peninsula, Philippines on March 24, 2020, when the first case of the disease was confirmed in Zamboanga City. All provinces including the cities of Zamboanga and Isabela have recorded at least a single case.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Andres Bonifacio College</span> Private college in Zamboanga del Norte, Philippines

Andres Bonifacio College is a community college institution in the Philippines. Its campus is located at College Park, Brgy. Miputak, Dipolog. ABCollege offers course programs from kindergarten to postgraduate levels. Alumni and students of the college are referred to as Bonifacians.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Isagani Amatong</span> Filipino politician from the province of Zamboanga del Norte.

Isagani Sybico Amatong is a Filipino politician from the province of Zamboanga del Norte. He last served as Congressman in the House of Representatives of the Philippines representing the 3rd legislative district of Zamboanga del Norte.

Local elections were held in the province of Zamboanga del Norte of the Philippines, on May 13, 2019 as part of the 2019 general election. Voters selected candidates for all local positions: a municipal and city mayor, vice mayor and councilors, as well as members of the Sangguniang Panlalawigan, the governor, vice governor and representatives for the three districts of Zamboanga del Norte.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Port of Dapitan</span> Port in the Philippines

The Port of Dapitan, locally and originally known as Pulauan Port, is a seaport in Dapitan, Philippines. It is owned and managed by Philippine Ports Authority and is the baseport of the Port Management Office Zamboanga del Norte.

References

  1. 1 2 "List of Provinces". PSGC Interactive. Makati, Philippines: National Statistical Coordination Board. Archived from the original on May 18, 2001. Retrieved 8 August 2014.
  2. 1 2 3 Census of Population (2020). "Region IX (Zamboanga Peninsula)". Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. Philippine Statistics Authority . Retrieved 8 July 2021.
  3. "Republic Act No. 711 - An Act to Create The Provinces of Zamboanga del Norte and Zamboanga del Sur". Chan Robles Virtual Law Library. Retrieved 28 September 2013.
  4. See "History of the Philippines: From Indios Bravos to Filipinos" By Luis H. Francia| Link to page in the referenced book
  5. For an in-depth survey of indigenous peoples and forced land seizures in the Philippines, see Cultural Survival Quarterly.
  6. The Bangsamoro Struggle for Self-Determintation: A Case Study (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on February 15, 2017. Retrieved September 25, 2020 via manoa.hawaii.edu.
  7. 1 2
  8. George, T. J. S. (1980). Revolt in Mindanao : the rise of Islam in Philippine politics. Kuala Lumpur. ISBN   0-19-580429-5. OCLC   6569089.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  9. Miclat, Gus (2002). "Our Lives Were Never the Same Again". In Arguillas, Carolyn O. (ed.). Turning Rage Into Courage: Mindanao Under Martial Law. MindaNews Publications, Mindanao News and Information Cooperative Center. OCLC   644320116.
  10. "Alfred McCoy, Dark Legacy: Human rights under the Marcos regime". Ateneo de Manila University. September 20, 1999.
  11. Abinales, P.N.; Amoroso, Donna J. (2005). State and society in the Philippines. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. ISBN   978-0742510234. OCLC   57452454.
  12. "Gone too soon: 7 youth leaders killed under Martial Law". Rappler. Retrieved June 15, 2018.
  13. 1 2 "HEROES AND MARTYRS: AGUILAR, Zorro C." Bantayog ng mga Bayani. 2015-10-09. Retrieved 2021-02-22.
  14. La Viña, Tony (September 22, 2015). "Lesser known, just as heroic". Manila Standard. Archived from the original on 2021-02-08. Retrieved 2021-02-08.
  15. "Judges under the gun". Archived from the original on 2021-02-08. Retrieved 2021-02-08.
  16. "Martyrs and Heroes: Leo Alto". Bantayog ng mga Bayani. 2023-05-25. Retrieved 2024-08-17.
  17. Isagani S. Amatong (February 14, 2017). "House Bill No. 5040: An Act Creating the Province of Zamboanga Hermosa from the Province of Zamboanga Del Norte" (PDF). www.congress.gov.ph. Republic of the Philippines - House of Representatives. Retrieved 10 March 2017.
  18. "Seventeenth Congress First Regular Session 2016 - 2017" (PDF). Journal of the House of Representatives. 73. Journal Service Plenary Affairs Bureau. February 21, 2017. Retrieved 10 March 2017.
  19. House of Representatives. "House Bill No 9311" (PDF). Republic of the Philippines . Retrieved 10 March 2024.
  20. 1 2 3 4 5 "Province: Zamboanga del Norte". PSGC Interactive. Quezon City, Philippines: Philippine Statistics Authority . Retrieved 8 January 2016.
  21. "Weather forecast for Zamboanga del Norte, Philippines". Storm247.com. Bergen, Norway: StormGeo AS . Retrieved 19 April 2016.
  22. 1 2 Census of Population (2015). "Region IX (Zamboanga Peninsula)". Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. Philippine Statistics Authority . Retrieved 20 June 2016.
  23. Census of Population and Housing (2010). "Region IX (Zamboanga Peninsula)" (PDF). Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. National Statistics Office . Retrieved 29 June 2016.
  24. "Philippines Census Of Population of all LGUs 1903-2007". archive.org. Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved 14 February 2017.
  25. "Poverty incidence (PI):". Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved December 28, 2020.
  26. "Estimation of Local Poverty in the Philippines" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. 29 November 2005.
  27. "2009 Official Poverty Statistics of the Philippines" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. 8 February 2011.
  28. "Annual Per Capita Poverty Threshold, Poverty Incidence and Magnitude of Poor Population, by Region and Province: 1991, 2006, 2009, 2012 and 2015". Philippine Statistics Authority. 27 August 2016.
  29. "Annual Per Capita Poverty Threshold, Poverty Incidence and Magnitude of Poor Population, by Region and Province: 1991, 2006, 2009, 2012 and 2015". Philippine Statistics Authority. 27 August 2016.
  30. "Annual Per Capita Poverty Threshold, Poverty Incidence and Magnitude of Poor Population, by Region and Province: 1991, 2006, 2009, 2012 and 2015". Philippine Statistics Authority. 27 August 2016.
  31. "Updated Annual Per Capita Poverty Threshold, Poverty Incidence and Magnitude of Poor Population with Measures of Precision, by Region and Province: 2015 and 2018". Philippine Statistics Authority. 4 June 2020.
  32. "2021 Full Year Official Poverty Statistics of the Philippines" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. 15 August 2022. Retrieved 28 April 2024.
  33. "Ten poorest provinces in 2003". Press Release. Makati, Philippines: National Statistical Coordination Board. 6 June 2006. Retrieved 27 October 2012.
  34. "Philippine Statistics Authority | Republic of the Philippines". openstat.psa.gov.ph. Retrieved 2018-01-09.
  35. Olchondra, Riza T. (1 November 2011). "Open pit mine ban to hit TVI projects, Philex plan in Zamboanga Norte". Philippine Daily Inquirer . Retrieved 19 April 2016. Zamboanga del Norte has issued an ordinance banning open-pit mining in the province, threatening projects of mining firms operating in the area, such as those of TVI Resource Development.
  36. Fiel, Tito N. (12 November 2011). "Zamboanga del Norte ban on open-pit mining stands". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Inquirer Mindanao. Retrieved 19 April 2016. The provincial government of Zamboanga del Norte stands fast on its ban on open-pit mining and will fight in court the Canadian-mining company TVI Resources' efforts to have the ordinance declared unconstitutional.
  37. "TVI Pacific closes Zamboanga mine". ABS-CBN News . 21 January 2014. Retrieved 19 April 2016.
  38. "Zamboanga del Norte replaces a dynasty with another dynasty". Rappler.com. May 15, 2013. Retrieved August 19, 2020.
  39. Rappler.com (May 19, 2019). "Uy retains governorship of Zamboanga del Norte". Rappler. Retrieved August 8, 2019.
  40. Gary B. Teves resume
  41. Terrado, Reuben (November 27, 2016). "Eddie Laure finally steps away from PBA at 39, focuses on new role as coach". Sports Interactive Network Philippines . Retrieved November 28, 2016.
  42. "Pinoy Big Brother PBB Connect 2020: how to audition, schedule". The Summit Express. October 18, 2020.
  43. "'PBB Connect': Chico ends journey as housemate". ABS CBN News. ABS-CBN Corporation. March 7, 2021. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
  44. Bardinas, Mary Ann (March 22, 2021). "PBB Connect Housemates Chico at Kobie, nalamang mag-pinsan pala sila sa kanilang paglabas sa outside world". ABS CBN Entertainment. ABS-CBN Corporation. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
  45. People's Journal (May 16, 2021). "The Squad Plus welcomes PBB Connect's Kodrea and Hairon". Journal Online. Philippines Journalists, Inc.
  46. "The Big Night: Kobie Brown hailed as 3rd Big Placer". ABS CBN Entertainment. ABS-CBN Corporation. March 14, 2021. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
  47. Bardinas, Mary Ann (September 11, 2019). "70-year-old Violeta Bayawa's wait for "one great love" sparks remarkable TNT journey". ABS-CBN Entertainment. Retrieved June 9, 2021.
  48. Custodio, Arlo (April 5, 2023). "29 candidates vie for Miss PH-Earth 2023". The Manila Times. Manila Times. Retrieved April 29, 2023.
  49. Antonio, Josiah (April 29, 2023). "Laguna bet Yllana Marie Aduana wins Miss Philippines Earth 2023". ABS CBN News. ABS-CBN. Retrieved April 29, 2023.
  50. Damaual, Mario (July 16, 2022). "Miss PH Earth names top 20 candidates". ABS CBN News. ABS-CBN Corporation. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
  51. "Order of National Artists: Resil B. Mojares". National Commission for Culture and the Arts . Retrieved 16 October 2020.
  52. Everett Rosenfeld (June 14, 2011). "New 'World's Shortest Man' Celebrates Birthday, World Record". Time.com . Retrieved 14 August 2014.
  53. "Gen. Yano to keynote ABCollege's 70th Foundation Day celebration". Andres Bonifacio College.