Zamboanga del Norte

Zamboanga del Norte
Province
(from top: left to right) Provincial Capitol Building in Dipolog, Saint James the Greater Church, Magsaysay Park, and Dakak Beach Resort
Flag Seal
Motto(s):  Unity, Prosperity, Peace
Location in the Philippines
OpenStreetMap
Coordinates: 8°08′00″N123°00′00″E / 8.1333333°N 123°E / 8.1333333; 123
Country	Philippines
Region	Zamboanga Peninsula
Founded	June 6, 1952
Capital and largest city	Dipolog
Government
• Type	Sangguniang Panlalawigan
•  Governor	Rosalina G. Jalosjos (Nacionalista)
•  Vice Governor	Julius C. Napigquit (PDP–Laban)
• Legislature	Zamboanga del Norte Provincial Board
Area [1]
• Total	7,301.00 km2 (2,818.93 sq mi)
• Rank	9th out of 81
Highest elevation (Mount Dansalan)	629 m (2,064 ft)
Population  (2020 census) [2]
• Total	1,047,455
• Rank	27th out of 81
• Density	140/km2 (370/sq mi)
• Rank	60th out of 81
Divisions
•  Independent cities	0
•  Component cities	2 Dapitan Dipolog
•  Municipalities	25 Baliguian Godod Gutalac Jose Dalman Kalawit Katipunan La Libertad Labason Leon B. Postigo Liloy Manukan Mutia Piñan Polanco President Manuel A. Roxas Rizal Salug Sergio Osmeña Sr. Siayan Sibuco Sibutad Sindangan Siocon Sirawai Tampilisan
•  Barangays	691
•  Districts	Legislative districts of Zamboanga del Norte
Time zone	UTC+8 (PHT)
ZIP code	7100–7124
IDD  :  area code	+63 (0)65
ISO 3166 code	PH-ZAN
Spoken languages	Cebuano Subanon Filipino English
Income classification	1st class
Website	Province of Zamboanga del Norte Official Website

Zamboanga del Norte (Cebuano: Amihanang Zamboanga; Subanon: Utara Sembwangan; Filipino : Hilagang Zamboanga), officially the Province of Zamboanga del Norte, is a province in the Philippines situated within the Zamboanga Peninsula region in Mindanao. Its capital and largest city is Dipolog and the province borders Zamboanga del Sur and Zamboanga Sibugay to the south, Misamis Occidental to the east, and the Sulu Sea to the west.

Zamboanga del Norte is the largest province of the Zamboanga Peninsula region by land area covering 7,301.00 square kilometres (2,818.93 sq mi). ^[1] Zamboanga del Norte is the 26th populous province in the Philippines.

History

American invasion era

Further information: Zamboanga (province)

The historical province of Zamboanga in 1918

Prior to its creation as a province, Zamboanga del Norte formed the northern portion of the historical province of Zamboanga.

The early history of Zamboanga del Norte is shared with that of Zamboanga City, which had been the center of the entire Mindanao area, most notably during the American era. When Zamboanga City became a chartered city on October 12, 1936, it encompassed the southern tip of the Zamboanga Peninsula and the island of Basilan, making it the largest city in the world in terms of land area.

Philippine independence

Foundation

Through Republic Act No. 711 issued on June 6, 1952, Zamboanga province was divided into two independent provinces, which included Zamboanga del Sur. ^[3]

Martial law era

Main articles: Martial law under Ferdinand Marcos, Zorro Aguilar, and Jacobo Amatong

The late 1960s in Mindanao saw a rise in land dispute conflicts arising from the influx of settlers from Luzon and Visayas, ^{[4] [5]} and from the Marcos administration’s encouragement of militia groups such as the Ilaga. ^{[6] [7]} News of the 1968 Jabidah massacre ignited a furor in the Moro community, and ethnic tensions encouraged with the formation of secessionist movements, ^[8] starting from the largely political Muslim Independence Movement and Bangsamoro Liberation Organization, and eventually the Moro National Liberation Front (MNLF), and the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF). ^[7] Additionally, an economic crisis in late 1969, violent crackdowns on student protests in 1970, and 1971, and eventually the declaration of Martial Law all led to the radicalization of many students. ^[9] Many of them left schools in Manila and joined the New People's Army "underground" in various provinces away from the capital, bringing the New People's Army rebellion to Mindanao for the first time. ^[10]

The September 1972 declaration of Martial Law began a 14-year period historically remembered for its human rights abuses, ^{[11] [12]} often involving the warrantless detention, murder, and physical, sexual, or mental torture of political opponents, student activists, journalists, religious workers, farmers, and others who fought against the Marcos dictatorship. ^[13] Zamboanga del Norte was the site of at least one major assassination during the Marcos Martial law era - the gunning down of Human Rights lawyers Jacobo Amatong and Zorro Aguilar by two soldiers of the Marcos government, who were never caught. ^{[14] [15] [16]} In the underground, a prominent figure who was killed was underground acupuncturist and paramedic Leo Alto, who spent much of his time helping the Subanon communities in Zamboanga del Norte to fight for their ancestral lands. Alto and a Subanon companion were killed by the Philippine Constabulary in Polanco, Zamboanga del Norte on August 1, 1975. ^[17]

Alto, and lawyers Amatong and Aguilar have since been honored by having their names inscribed on the wall of remembrance at the Philippines’ Bantayog ng mga Bayani, which honors the heroes and martyrs who fought against Ferdinand Marcos and his martial law regime. ^[14]

Contemporary

Proposed carving out of new province

In 2017, House Bill No. 5040 was introduced in the House of Representatives seeking to carve out a new province from Zamboanga del Norte. The proposed Zamboanga Hermosa province was to consist of 12 municipalities and 2 legislative districts that make up the 3rd legislative district of Zamboanga del Norte: ^{[18] [19]} Baliguian, Godod, Gutalac, Kalawit, Labason, Leon B. Postigo, Liloy (its proposed capital), Salug, Sibuco, Siocon, Sirawai, and Tampilisan. However, the bill ultimately did not pass the 17th congress.

In 2023, a new House Bill 9311 proposed a creation of a new province, Zamboanga Occidental. The proposed province is supposed to include twelve municipalities: Leon B. Postigo, Salug, Godod, Liloy, Tampilisan, Kalawit, Labason, Gutalac, Baliguian, Siocon, Sirawai, and Sibuco. ^[20]

Geography

Dakak riverside in Dapitan

Zamboanga del Norte covers a total area of 7,301.00 square kilometres (2,818.93 sq mi) ^[21] occupying the northern portion of the Zamboanga Peninsula in western Mindanao. The province is bordered on the north and west by the Sulu Sea, on the northeast by Misamis Occidental, and on the south by Zamboanga del Sur and Zamboanga Sibugay.

It has an average elevation of 243.8 metres (800 ft), with Mount Dabiak in Katipunan as the highest peak at 2,600 metres (8,500 ft). Other parts, near the coastlines, are plains. The province's irregular coastline runs some 400 kilometres (250 mi) from north to south.

Climate

Zamboanga del Norte has a mild and moderate climate due to evenly distributed rainfall throughout the year. Its southern portion has a longer dry season.

Climate data for Zamboanga del Norte
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)	30.4 (86.7)	30.5 (86.9)	31.6 (88.9)	32.6 (90.7)	32.3 (90.1)	31.7 (89.1)	31.6 (88.9)	31.6 (88.9)	31.8 (89.2)	31.5 (88.7)	31.4 (88.5)	30.8 (87.4)	31.5 (88.7)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)	21.8 (71.2)	21.9 (71.4)	20.8 (69.4)	22.2 (72.0)	21.2 (70.2)	21.0 (69.8)	21.1 (70.0)	21.0 (69.8)	21.1 (70.0)	21.3 (70.3)	21.4 (70.5)	21.3 (70.3)	21.3 (70.4)
Average rainy days	15	10	8	7	10	17	16	16	14	16	17	16	162
Source: Storm247 [22]

Administrative divisions

Political map of the province

Zamboanga del Norte comprises 25 municipalities and 2 cities. Dipolog, Sindangan, and Dapitan are the most densely populated areas in the province. These are further subdivided into 691 barangays, and clustered into 3 congressional districts. ^[21]

Sibuco is the largest municipality by land area, constituting 10.72% (782.54 square kilometers) of the total provincial area, while Sindangan is the most populous municipality. Sibutad is the smallest, with 0.90% (65.57 square kilometers). ^[21]

•  † Provincial capital and component city
•  ∗ Component city
•  Municipality

City or municipality District [21] Population ±% p.a. Area [21] Density Barangay Coordinates [A] (2020) [2] (2015) [23] km2 sq mi /km2 /sq mi Baliguian 3rd 2.3% 23,771 22,588 +0.98% 439.26 169.60 54 140 17 7°48′38″N122°08′43″E / 7.8105°N 122.1452°E / 7.8105; 122.1452 (Baliguian) Dapitan City ∗ 1st 8.1% 85,202 82,418 +0.63% 390.53 150.78 220 570 50 8°39′17″N123°25′20″E / 8.6548°N 123.4221°E / 8.6548; 123.4221 (Dapitan) Dipolog City † 2nd 13.2% 138,141 130,759 +1.05% 241.13 93.10 570 1,500 21 8°35′10″N123°20′28″E / 8.5861°N 123.3410°E / 8.5861; 123.3410 (Dipolog) Godod 3rd 1.7% 17,510 17,424 +0.09% 190.00 73.36 92 240 17 7°59′54″N122°50′30″E / 7.9983°N 122.8417°E / 7.9983; 122.8417 (Godod) Gutalac 3rd 3.4% 36,090 34,654 +0.78% 492.86 190.29 73 190 33 7°58′21″N122°23′58″E / 7.9724°N 122.3994°E / 7.9724; 122.3994 (Gutalac) Jose Dalman 2nd 2.8% 28,881 27,388 +1.02% 135.00 52.12 210 540 18 8°26′33″N123°01′20″E / 8.4424°N 123.0221°E / 8.4424; 123.0221 (Jose Dalman) Kalawit 3rd 2.3% 23,812 23,633 +0.14% 217.89 84.13 110 280 14 7°54′17″N122°31′35″E / 7.9048°N 122.5265°E / 7.9048; 122.5265 (Kalawit) Katipunan 2nd 4.3% 44,661 45,577 −0.39% 244.12 94.26 180 470 30 8°30′46″N123°17′05″E / 8.5128°N 123.2847°E / 8.5128; 123.2847 (Katipunan) La Libertad 1st 0.8% 8,119 8,406 −0.66% 69.51 26.84 120 310 13 8°28′07″N123°31′33″E / 8.4685°N 123.5257°E / 8.4685; 123.5257 (La Libertad) Labason 3rd 4.2% 43,934 41,357 +1.16% 169.58 65.48 260 670 20 8°03′52″N122°31′28″E / 8.0645°N 122.5244°E / 8.0645; 122.5244 (Labason) Leon B. Postigo 3rd 2.6% 27,639 26,221 +1.01% 255.50 98.65 110 280 18 8°09′10″N122°55′30″E / 8.1528°N 122.9249°E / 8.1528; 122.9249 (Leon T. Postigo) Liloy 3rd 4.0% 42,213 39,812 +1.12% 128.43 49.59 330 850 37 8°07′24″N122°40′45″E / 8.1234°N 122.6793°E / 8.1234; 122.6793 (Liloy) Manukan 2nd 3.5% 36,887 36,526 +0.19% 246.35 95.12 150 390 22 8°30′57″N123°05′38″E / 8.5159°N 123.0940°E / 8.5159; 123.0940 (Manukan) Mutia 1st 1.1% 11,726 12,675 −1.47% 73.58 28.41 160 410 16 8°25′12″N123°28′34″E / 8.4200°N 123.4761°E / 8.4200; 123.4761 (Mutia) Piñan 1st 1.9% 20,221 20,161 +0.06% 93.75 36.20 220 570 22 8°28′45″N123°26′59″E / 8.4793°N 123.4497°E / 8.4793; 123.4497 (Piñan) Polanco 1st 4.0% 42,265 39,347 +1.37% 206.88 79.88 200 520 30 8°31′52″N123°21′46″E / 8.5310°N 123.3629°E / 8.5310; 123.3629 (Polanco) President Manuel A. Roxas 2nd 3.7% 39,198 39,323 −0.06% 206.25 79.63 190 490 31 8°30′51″N123°13′57″E / 8.5143°N 123.2326°E / 8.5143; 123.2326 (President Manuel A. Roxas) Rizal 1st 1.4% 15,052 14,021 +1.36% 80.03 30.90 190 490 22 8°31′32″N123°33′06″E / 8.5255°N 123.5517°E / 8.5255; 123.5517 (Rizal) Salug 3rd 3.1% 32,134 32,204 −0.04% 206.60 79.77 160 410 23 8°06′25″N122°45′25″E / 8.1070°N 122.7570°E / 8.1070; 122.7570 (Salug) Sergio Osmeña Sr. 1st 3.0% 31,942 30,220 +1.06% 556.44 214.84 57 150 39 8°17′57″N123°30′30″E / 8.2992°N 123.5082°E / 8.2992; 123.5082 (Sergio Osmeña Sr.) Siayan 2nd 3.5% 36,236 34,966 +0.68% 494.75 191.02 73 190 22 8°15′05″N123°06′48″E / 8.2513°N 123.1134°E / 8.2513; 123.1134 (Siayan) Sibuco 3rd 3.4% 36,049 34,620 +0.77% 782.54 302.14 46 120 28 7°17′32″N122°04′00″E / 7.2923°N 122.0668°E / 7.2923; 122.0668 (Sibuco) Sibutad 1st 1.7% 17,453 17,645 −0.21% 65.57 25.32 270 700 16 8°36′45″N123°28′48″E / 8.6126°N 123.4801°E / 8.6126; 123.4801 (Sibutad) Sindangan 2nd 9.9% 103,952 99,435 +0.85% 451.00 174.13 230 600 52 8°14′03″N122°59′57″E / 8.2343°N 122.9993°E / 8.2343; 122.9993 (Sindangan) Siocon 3rd 4.6% 48,524 46,907 +0.65% 503.20 194.29 96 250 26 7°42′24″N122°08′22″E / 7.7067°N 122.1395°E / 7.7067; 122.1395 (Siocon) Sirawai 3rd 3.0% 31,163 28,799 +1.51% 222.50 85.91 140 360 34 7°35′14″N122°08′24″E / 7.5873°N 122.1400°E / 7.5873; 122.1400 (Sirawai) Tampilisan 3rd 2.4% 24,680 24,307 +0.29% 137.75 53.19 180 470 20 7°58′27″N122°39′51″E / 7.9741°N 122.6643°E / 7.9741; 122.6643 (Tampilisan) Total 1,047,455 1,011,393 +0.67% 7,300.11 2,818.59 140 360 691 (see GeoGroup box) ^ Coordinates are sortable by latitude. (Italicized entries indicate the generic location. Otherwise, they mark the city or town center).

Demographics

Population census of Zamboanga del Norte

Year Pop. ±% p.a. 1903 23,577 —     1918 57,255 +6.09% 1939 138,849 +4.31% 1948 167,700 +2.12% 1960 281,429 +4.41% 1970 409,379 +3.81% 1975 490,515 +3.69% 1980 588,015 +3.69%	Year Pop. ±% p.a. 1990 676,862 +1.42% 1995 770,697 +2.46% 2000 823,130 +1.42% 2007 907,238 +1.35% 2010 957,997 +2.00% 2015 1,011,393 +1.04% 2020 1,047,455 +0.69%
Source: Philippine Statistics Authority [23] [24] [25]

The population of Zamboanga del Norte in the 2020 census was 1,047,455 people, ^[2] with a density of 140 inhabitants per square kilometre or 360 inhabitants per square mile. Dipolog is the most populated locality in the province, followed by the town of Sindangan and city of Dapitan.

The main language spoken is Cebuano. Other languages include Chavacano, Subanon, Filipino, and English.

Religion

The predominant religion was Islam until the Spanish regime took over the region and spread Christianity with the help of the church's mission orders like the Jesuits, Augustinians, and Dominicans. The province's first martyr of faith, soon to be raised as a saint, in Mindanao island was Padre Francesco Palliola, S.J. He was a Jesuit missionary from Nola, Italy, and was assigned to Zamboanga Peninsula. He was active as a missionary in Lubungan (Katipuan), Zamboanga del Norte, Iligan, Dapitan, and met his martyrdom at the barrio of Ponot, now a town of Jose Dalman. Roman Catholicism is a significant majority with about 50% adherence. The province has one diocese – the Roman Catholic Diocese of Dipolog under the Archdiocese of Ozamis, covering the entire province. There are also followers of other Christian sects.

Further information: Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Zamboanga

Government

Main articles: Governor of Zamboanga del Norte and Zamboanga del Norte Provincial Board

Officials

These are the officials after the local elections of 2022:

Governor: Rosalina "Nene" G. Jalosjos (Nacionalista)

Vice Governor: Julius C. Napigquit (PDP–Laban)

Members of the House of Representatives:

Main articles: Legislative districts of Zamboanga del Norte and 18th Congress of the Philippines § Membership

• 1st District: Rep. Roberto T. Uy Jr. (PDP–Laban)
• 2nd District: Rep. Glona G. Labadlabad (PDP–Laban)
• 3rd District: Rep. Adrian Michael "Ian" A. Amatong (LP)

Board Members

1st District: Angelica "Angel" Jalosjos Carreon Patri "Jing" Bajamunde - Chan

2nd District: Peter Y. Co Jasmin N. Pinsoy-Lagutin Dante G. Bagarinao Michael "Jojo" M. Documento, Jr.

3rd Drstrict: Kay Marie P. Bolando Leo Nicanor B. Mejorada Franco Angelo "Conkee" C. Buctuan Jeff Raymund "JR" M. Brillantes

Economy

Poverty incidence of Zamboanga del Norte

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 2006 65.48 2009 68.51 2012 54.36 2015 60.53 2018 45.44 2021 40.80 Source: Philippine Statistics Authority [26] [27] [28] [29] [30] [31] [32] [33]

Zamboanga del Norte Medical Center in Dipolog

About half of the province's land area is devoted to agriculture. Corn, coconut, and rice are the major crops. The province being rich in marine and mineral sources, its fish production has accelerated through the development of fishponds. Commercial fishing has steadily increased through the years, with the yellow fin tuna as the primary species.

In 2006, a study by National Statistics Coordination Board (NSCB), found Zamboanga del Norte Province to be the Philippines' poorest province with a poverty incidence rate of 64.6%, an increase from 47% in year 2000 statistical figures. ^[34]

As of 2015, the province's poverty incidence has dropped to 51.6% (ranking 8th). ^[35] Large foreign mining companies operating within the province such as Canadian company TVI Resource Development and Philex Mining Corp. cause adverse effects to the culture and traditions of the indigenous Subanon and other poor settlers. ^{[36] [37] [38]}

See also: Canatuan mine

Notable people

• José Rizal - national hero who was exiled in Dapitan by the Spanish colonial authorities
• Martha Cecilia - Filipino writer of Tagalog romance pocketbook novels
• Gazini Ganados - Filipino fashion model and beauty pageant titleholder who became Binibining Pilipinas 2019 Universe and part of Top 20 of Miss Universe 2019
• Theodore Boborol - A renowned film and television director in the Philippines
• Matias Castillon Ranillo Sr. - governor of the undivided Province of Zamboanga (1937–1940) and Lone District Congressman of the same province (1941–1946)
• Roseller Barinaga - former Undersecretary for Mindanao of the National Anti-Poverty Commission (2017 - 2018), former congressman of 2nd District of Zamboanga del Norte (1998 - 2007), former City Mayor (1978 - 1986; 1988 - 1998) and Vice Mayor of Dipolog (1970 - 1978)
• Roberto Uy - Former Governor of Zamboanga del Norte ^{[39] [40]} (2013 - 2022); former City Mayor of Dipolog (1998 - 2007)
• Zorro Aguilar - lawyer, activist, newspaper editor, and martial law victim.
• Amatong family
  • Jacobo Amatong - lawyer, editor-publisher for Mindanao Observer, former city councilor of Dipolog (1971 - his death) and martial law victim.
  • Prospero Amatong - former mayor of Nabunturan, Compostela Valley (1980 - 1986); former governor of the provinces of Davao del Norte (1988 - 1998) and Compostela Valley (now Davao de Oro) (3 months in 1998), and former congressman of 2nd District of Compostela Valley (1998 - 2007)
  • Juanita Amatong - educator, banker, and former secretary of the Department of Finance (2003-2005)
  • Isagani Amatong - lawyer, Congressman of 3rd District of Zamboanga del Norte (2013–present), former governor of Zamboanga del Norte (1986 - 1995; 1998 - 2004), and former City Councilor of Dipolog (1984 - 1986)
• Margarito "Gary" Teves ^[41] - former congressman of Negros Oriental's 3rd District and former secretary of the Department of Finance (2005-2010)
• Bobby Nalzaro - Cebu-based news anchor for GMA Cebu, radio anchor for Super Radyo Cebu, and newspaper columnist for SunStar Cebu
• Jerry Barbaso - Filipino footballer who last played as a defender for Ceres–Negros F.C. in the Philippines Football League, and Philippines national football team
• Eddie Laure - Filipino former professional basketball player (1998 - 2016), and basketball coach (assistant coach for UST Tigresses in UAAP since 2016, and Biñan City Heroes in MPBL since 2018) ^[42]
• Chico Alicaya - Pinoy Big Brother: Connect contestant from Dipolog City but represented Cebu who fell short for Big Four. ^{[43] [44]}
• Kobie Brown ^[45] - a Filipino-British actor from Dipolog who competed at Pinoy Big Brother: Connect and won 3rd big placer representing Parañaque. ^{[46] [47]}
• Violeta Bayawa ^[48] - Tawag ng Tanghalan: Year 3 contestant and 9th Placer
• Marie Razel Eguia - Miss Philippines Earth 2008 contestant representing Dipolog and crowned Miss Philippines Air (1st Runner-Up) in the same competition
• Rene Mark Cuarto - Professional Boxer
• Adolfo Sevilla Azcuna - Philippine Judicial Academy (PHILJA) Chancellor (since June 1, 2009) and the 153rd Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines (October 24, 2002 – February 15, 2009).
• Eddie Laure
• Resil Mojares - Cebu City-based historian and literary critic; National Artist of the Philippines for Literature ^[49]
• Pinpin Uy
• Most Rev. Severo Caermare, D.D. - bishop of Dipolog
• Junrey Balawing - former Filipino record holder for the world's shortest man alive ^[50]
• General Alexander B. Yano - 38th Chief of Staff of the Armed Forces of the Philippines ^[51]
• Jonathan "Lightning" Taconing - Filipino boxer

References

1. "List of Provinces". PSGC Interactive. Makati, Philippines: National Statistical Coordination Board. Archived from the original on May 18, 2001. Retrieved 8 August 2014.
2. Census of Population (2020). "Region IX (Zamboanga Peninsula)". Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. Philippine Statistics Authority . Retrieved 8 July 2021.
3. "Republic Act No. 711 - An Act to Create The Provinces of Zamboanga del Norte and Zamboanga del Sur". Chan Robles Virtual Law Library. Retrieved 28 September 2013.
4. See "History of the Philippines: From Indios Bravos to Filipinos" By Luis H. Francia| Link to page in the referenced book
5. For an in-depth survey of indigenous peoples and forced land seizures in the Philippines, see Cultural Survival Quarterly.
6. The Bangsamoro Struggle for Self-Determintation: A Case Study (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on February 15, 2017. Retrieved September 25, 2020– via manoa.hawaii.edu.
8. George, T. J. S. (1980). Revolt in Mindanao : the rise of Islam in Philippine politics. Kuala Lumpur. ISBN   0-19-580429-5. OCLC   6569089.
10. Miclat, Gus (2002). "Our Lives Were Never the Same Again". In Arguillas, Carolyn O. (ed.). Turning Rage Into Courage: Mindanao Under Martial Law. MindaNews Publications, Mindanao News and Information Cooperative Center. OCLC   644320116.
11. "Alfred McCoy, Dark Legacy: Human rights under the Marcos regime". Ateneo de Manila University. September 20, 1999.
12. Abinales, P.N.; Amoroso, Donna J. (2005). State and society in the Philippines. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. ISBN   978-0742510234. OCLC   57452454.
13. "Gone too soon: 7 youth leaders killed under Martial Law". Rappler. Retrieved June 15, 2018.
14. "HEROES AND MARTYRS: AGUILAR, Zorro C." Bantayog ng mga Bayani. 2015-10-09. Retrieved 2021-02-22.
15. La Viña, Tony (September 22, 2015). "Lesser known, just as heroic". Manila Standard. Archived from the original on 2021-02-08. Retrieved 2021-02-08.
16. "Judges under the gun". Archived from the original on 2021-02-08. Retrieved 2021-02-08.
17. "Martyrs and Heroes: Leo Alto". Bantayog ng mga Bayani. 2023-05-25. Retrieved 2024-08-17.
18. Isagani S. Amatong (February 14, 2017). "House Bill No. 5040: An Act Creating the Province of Zamboanga Hermosa from the Province of Zamboanga Del Norte" (PDF). www.congress.gov.ph. Republic of the Philippines - House of Representatives. Retrieved 10 March 2017.
19. "Seventeenth Congress First Regular Session 2016 - 2017" (PDF). Journal of the House of Representatives. 73. Journal Service Plenary Affairs Bureau. February 21, 2017. Retrieved 10 March 2017.
20. House of Representatives. "House Bill No 9311" (PDF). Republic of the Philippines . Retrieved 10 March 2024.
21. "Province: Zamboanga del Norte". PSGC Interactive. Quezon City, Philippines: Philippine Statistics Authority . Retrieved 8 January 2016.
22. "Weather forecast for Zamboanga del Norte, Philippines". Storm247.com. Bergen, Norway: StormGeo AS . Retrieved 19 April 2016.
23. Census of Population (2015). "Region IX (Zamboanga Peninsula)". Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. Philippine Statistics Authority . Retrieved 20 June 2016.
24. Census of Population and Housing (2010). "Region IX (Zamboanga Peninsula)" (PDF). Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. National Statistics Office . Retrieved 29 June 2016.
25. "Philippines Census Of Population of all LGUs 1903-2007". archive.org. Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved 14 February 2017.
26. "Poverty incidence (PI):". Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved December 28, 2020.
27. "Estimation of Local Poverty in the Philippines" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. 29 November 2005.
28. "2009 Official Poverty Statistics of the Philippines" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. 8 February 2011.
29. "Annual Per Capita Poverty Threshold, Poverty Incidence and Magnitude of Poor Population, by Region and Province: 1991, 2006, 2009, 2012 and 2015". Philippine Statistics Authority. 27 August 2016.
30. "Annual Per Capita Poverty Threshold, Poverty Incidence and Magnitude of Poor Population, by Region and Province: 1991, 2006, 2009, 2012 and 2015". Philippine Statistics Authority. 27 August 2016.
31. "Annual Per Capita Poverty Threshold, Poverty Incidence and Magnitude of Poor Population, by Region and Province: 1991, 2006, 2009, 2012 and 2015". Philippine Statistics Authority. 27 August 2016.
32. "Updated Annual Per Capita Poverty Threshold, Poverty Incidence and Magnitude of Poor Population with Measures of Precision, by Region and Province: 2015 and 2018". Philippine Statistics Authority. 4 June 2020.
33. "2021 Full Year Official Poverty Statistics of the Philippines" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. 15 August 2022. Retrieved 28 April 2024.
34. "Ten poorest provinces in 2003". Press Release. Makati, Philippines: National Statistical Coordination Board. 6 June 2006. Retrieved 27 October 2012.
35. "Philippine Statistics Authority | Republic of the Philippines". openstat.psa.gov.ph. Retrieved 2018-01-09.
36. Olchondra, Riza T. (1 November 2011). "Open pit mine ban to hit TVI projects, Philex plan in Zamboanga Norte". Philippine Daily Inquirer . Retrieved 19 April 2016. Zamboanga del Norte has issued an ordinance banning open-pit mining in the province, threatening projects of mining firms operating in the area, such as those of TVI Resource Development.
37. Fiel, Tito N. (12 November 2011). "Zamboanga del Norte ban on open-pit mining stands". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Inquirer Mindanao. Retrieved 19 April 2016. The provincial government of Zamboanga del Norte stands fast on its ban on open-pit mining and will fight in court the Canadian-mining company TVI Resources' efforts to have the ordinance declared unconstitutional.
38. "TVI Pacific closes Zamboanga mine". ABS-CBN News . 21 January 2014. Retrieved 19 April 2016.
39. "Zamboanga del Norte replaces a dynasty with another dynasty". Rappler.com. May 15, 2013. Retrieved August 19, 2020.
40. Rappler.com (May 19, 2019). "Uy retains governorship of Zamboanga del Norte". Rappler. Retrieved August 8, 2019.
41. Gary B. Teves resume
42. Terrado, Reuben (November 27, 2016). "Eddie Laure finally steps away from PBA at 39, focuses on new role as coach". Sports Interactive Network Philippines . Retrieved November 28, 2016.
43. "Pinoy Big Brother PBB Connect 2020: how to audition, schedule". The Summit Express. October 18, 2020.
44. "'PBB Connect': Chico ends journey as housemate". ABS CBN News. ABS-CBN Corporation. March 7, 2021. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
45. Bardinas, Mary Ann (March 22, 2021). "PBB Connect Housemates Chico at Kobie, nalamang mag-pinsan pala sila sa kanilang paglabas sa outside world". ABS CBN Entertainment. ABS-CBN Corporation. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
46. People's Journal (May 16, 2021). "The Squad Plus welcomes PBB Connect's Kodrea and Hairon". Journal Online. Philippines Journalists, Inc.
47. "The Big Night: Kobie Brown hailed as 3rd Big Placer". ABS CBN Entertainment. ABS-CBN Corporation. March 14, 2021. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
48. Bardinas, Mary Ann (September 11, 2019). "70-year-old Violeta Bayawa's wait for "one great love" sparks remarkable TNT journey". ABS-CBN Entertainment. Retrieved June 9, 2021.
49. "Order of National Artists: Resil B. Mojares". National Commission for Culture and the Arts . Retrieved 16 October 2020.
50. Everett Rosenfeld (June 14, 2011). "New 'World's Shortest Man' Celebrates Birthday, World Record". Time.com . Retrieved 14 August 2014.
51. "Gen. Yano to keynote ABCollege's 70th Foundation Day celebration". Andres Bonifacio College.

External links

• Media related to Zamboanga del Norte at Wikimedia Commons
• Geographic data related to Zamboanga del Norte at OpenStreetMap
• Old website of the Province of Zamboanga del Norte
• Daily Zamboanga Times