Davao del Norte (Cebuano: Amihanang Dabaw; Filipino: Hilagang Davao), officially the Province of Davao del Norte (Cebuano: Lalawigan sa Amihanang Dabaw, Lalawigan sa Davao del Norte; Filipino: Lalawigan ng Hilagang Davao, Lalawigan ng Davao del Norte), is a province in the Philippines located in the Davao Region in Mindanao. Its capital and largest city is Tagum. The province also includes Samal Island to the south in Davao Gulf.
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Davao del Norte and Davao de Oro (Compostela Valley) by R.A. 8470, January 30, 1998, together with Davao Oriental, and Davao Occidental from Davao del Sur by R.A. 10360, January 14, 2013, used to be a whole province simply known as Davao Region. This original province was split into three: Davao del Norte, Davao Oriental, and Davao del Sur when Republic Act No. 4867 (authored by Representative Lorenzo S. Sarmiento, Sr.) was signed into law on May 8, 1967, by President Ferdinand Marcos.[3]
For Davao del Norte and the island of Mindanao, things began to take a turn for the worse during the last months of Ferdinand Marcos' first presidential term. Marcos' debt-driven election spending had precipitated an economic crisis by late 1969, which then led to social unrest, violent crackdowns on protests, and eventually to the radicalization of many students throughout the country.[5] In addition, news of the 1968 Jabidah massacre ignited ethnic tensions which encouraged the formation of secessionist movements in Mindanao.[6] The September 1972 declaration of Martial Law then began a 14-year period historically remembered for its human rights abuses,[7][8] often involving the warrantless detention, murder, and physical, sexual, or mental torture of political opponents, student activists, journalists, religious workers, farmers, and others who fought against the Marcos dictatorship.[9] Among the most prominent of these victims were student activist Godofredo Abellana and labor organizer Eduardo Lanzona, who both fled political persecution in the urban areas and worked in the rural areas of Davao Del Norte.[10][11]
Another major event in Davao Del Norte during this era was the establishment of a massive banana plantation in the province by Marcos cronyAntonio Floirendo Sr., a major contributor to Marcos's 1965 and 1969 presidential campaigns.[12] After Floirendo's initial business plans were rebuffed by the Senate during prior administrations,[12] Marcos gave Floirendo special permission to lease 6,000 hectares of government land despite a 1,024 hectare limit,[13] and to also hire prisoners from the Davao Penal Colony (Dapecol) as his laborers,[12] soon allowing Floirendo to export bananas to the lucrative Japanese market and establishing him as the Philippines' "Banana King."[14][15]
Contemporary history
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By 1996, Davao had a total of twenty-two municipalities with the creation of San Vicente (now Laak) in 1979,[16]Maragusan in 1988,[17][18] and Talaingod in 1991.[19]
On January 31, 1998, President Fidel V. Ramos signed Republic Act No. 8470, which split the province into two, creating the province of Davao de Oro (Compostela Valley).[20] In the meantime, Davao was renamed back to Davao del Norte. Together with the creation of the new province, two cities and one municipality were created: the municipality of Tagum, capital of Davao del Norte, was converted into a city (R.A. 8472);[21] Samal, Babak, and Kaputian were joined into the city of Samal (R.A. 8471);[22] and the municipality of Braulio E. Dujali was created out of several barangays in Panabo and Carmen (R.A. 8473).[23] The province then had 8 municipalities and 2 cities.
Republic Act No. 9015, signed into law on March 5, 2001, by President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, converted the municipality of Panabo into a city.[24]Republic Act No. 9265, approved on March 15, 2004, created the municipality of San Isidro from Asuncion and Kapalong.[25]
Geography
Davao del Norte covers a total area of 3,426.97 square kilometres (1,323.16sqmi)[26] occupying the north-central section of the Davao Region. The province borders Agusan del Sur to the north, Bukidnon to the west, Davao de Oro to the east, and Davao City to the south.
Samal is the only municipality or city in the province not situated on Mindanao island. The city covers the entire Samal and Talikud Islands within Davao Gulf.
(Italicized coordinates mark the generic location. Otherwise, they indicate the city/town center).
Demographics
Population census of Davao del Norte
Year
Pop.
±% p.a.
1903
9,554
—
1918
23,701
+6.24%
1939
60,349
+4.55%
1948
91,367
+4.72%
1960
262,889
+9.21%
1970
442,543
+5.34%
1975
589,697
+5.93%
1980
725,153
+4.22%
1990
1,056,301
+3.83%
1995
1,191,443
+2.28%
2000
743,811
−9.61%
2007
847,440
+1.82%
2010
945,764
+4.08%
2015
1,016,332
+1.38%
2020
1,125,057
+2.16%
2024
1,143,931
+0.40%
data prior to 2000 excludes municipalities under Davao de Oro that were part of the province until 1998. Source: Philippine Statistics Authority[27][28][28][29]
Davao del Norte had a population of 1,125,057 in the 2020 census.[2] The population density was 297/km2 (768/sqmi). The province's population consists of people of Visayan descent whose ancestors came from Cebu, Bohol, Negros Oriental and Siquijor, though many of the province's residents also descended from 20th century migrants from Ilocandia, Cagayan Valley, Cordillera Administrative Region, Central Luzon, Calabarzon, Mindoro, Marinduque and Bicolandia in Luzon and Panay and Negros Occidental in Visayas. The main languages spoken are Cebuano and Davawenyo while English and Filipino are also widely spoken. Majority of the Davao del Norte residents are Roman Catholic Christians, but many of them adhere to the other Christian denominations such as Iglesia ni Cristo, Members Church of God International, Seventh Day Adventists, Pentecostal churches and Mormon Church. There is also a sizeable Muslim population in the province, many of whom are Kalagans, Maguindanaons and the migratory Maranaos with small but growing demographic of converts to Islam known as the Balik Islam.
Indigenous groups
Talaingod is the home of many Indigenous groups in Davao del Norte, with most of them Lumads and Aetas.
The principal crops of the province include rice, maize, banana, coconut, abacá, ramie, coffee, and a variety of fruit and root crops. Davao del Norte is the country's leading producer of bananas, with many plantations run by multinationals Dole and Del Monte, and local producers such as Lapanday, TADECO, and Marsman. Davao del Norte is also one of Mindanao's leading producer of rice.
Davao Gulf, to the south of the province, provides a living for many fisherfolk. Some of the fish products include brackish water milkfish, tilapia, shrimp, and crab; and freshwater catfish and tilapia.
Davao del Norte is a major producer of gold, and its mining resources include silica, silver, copper, and elemental sulfur. Small-scale gold mining activities thrive in several areas. There are also numerous active quarries of commercial quantities of gravel, sand, and pebbles for construction.
Tourism is also a major part of the economy of Davao del Norte. There are a lot of beaches on Samal Island, the most famous of which is Pearl Farm Beach Resort. Banana Beach Resort is the most famous beach outside of Samal Island.
Commerce is also a major part of the economy of Davao del Norte. There are lot of shopping malls in Tagum.
↑ "List of Provinces". PSGC Interactive. Makati, Philippines: National Statistical Coordination Board. Archived from the original on January 17, 2013. Retrieved April 24, 2014.
↑ George, T.J.S. (1980). Revolt in Mindanao: the rise of Islam in Philippine politics. Kuala Lumpur. ISBN0-19-580429-5. OCLC6569089.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
↑ Abinales, P.N.; Amoroso, Donna J. (2005). State and society in the Philippines. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. ISBN978-0742510234. OCLC57452454.
1 2 3 Ricardo., Manapat (1991). Some are smarter than others: the history of Marcos' crony capitalism. New York: Aletheia Publications. ISBN9719128704. OCLC28428684.
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