List of active volcanoes in the Philippines

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Mayon in Albay is the most active volcano in the Philippines. Mt. Mayon aerial photo.jpg
Mayon in Albay is the most active volcano in the Philippines.

As of 2018, the Philippines has 24 [1] volcanoes listed as active by the Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS). Twenty-one of these have had historical eruptions. The three exceptions are Cabalian, which is a strongly fumarolic volcano;[ further explanation needed ] Leonard Kniaseff, which was active 1,800 years ago (C14), [2] and Isarog, which last erupted around 3500 BCE and 2374 BCE ± 87 based on radiocarbon dating [3] [4] [5]

Contents

Volcanoes in the country have erupted within the last 600 years, with accounts of these eruptions documented by humans; or have erupted within the last 10,000 years (Holocene). There are 100 volcanoes in the Philippines listed by the Smithsonian Institution's Global Volcanism Program (GVP) at present, [6] of which 20 are categorized as "historical" and 59 as "Holocene". [6] The GVP lists volcanoes with historical, Holocene eruptions, or possibly older if strong signs of volcanism are still evident through thermal features like fumaroles, hot springs, mud pots, etc. [7]

List of volcanoes

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The list below showing 27 active volcanoes in the Philippines was based on the PHIVOLCS list with some included from the GVP. The number is not definite and depends on someone's definition of "active" or historical time frame. Descriptions under "eruptions" were based on the GVP website. The frequency of historical eruptions excludes questionable or uncertain accounts based on the two sources mentioned.

NameElevation (ASL) [2] Coordinates Province(s) [2] Eruptions [2]
mftDescription and current status
Ambalatungan Group 2,3297,641 17°18′40″N121°06′13″E / 17.310982°N 121.103668°E / 17.310982; 121.103668 (Ambalatungan Group) Kalinga 0Explosions in 1952 is uncertain. [8] Fumarolic with solfataras and thermal springs.
Babuyan Claro 8432,766 19°31′23″N121°56′24″E / 19.523°N 121.940°E / 19.523; 121.940 (Babuyan Claro) Cagayan 3Eruptions were recorded in 1831, 1860 and 1913. Askedna Hot Springs is in the southern base of the volcano.
Banahaw 2,1697,116 14°04′N121°29′E / 14.07°N 121.48°E / 14.07; 121.48 (Banahaw) Laguna, Quezon 4Eruptions were uncertain during the mudflows of 1730, 1743, 1843 and 1909. [9]
Biliran 1,3404,400 11°33′29″N124°30′47″E / 11.558°N 124.513°E / 11.558; 124.513 (Biliran) Biliran 1Phreatic eruption in 1939. Fumarolic with thermal springs
Bulusan 1,5655,135 12°46′12″N124°03′00″E / 12.770°N 124.05°E / 12.770; 124.05 (Bulusan) Sorsogon 17Eruptions years are from 1886 to 2022. Permanently monitored
Cabalian [2] 9453,100 10°17′13.2″N125°13.25′0″E / 10.287000°N 125.22083°E / 10.287000; 125.22083 (Cabalian) Southern Leyte 1Radiocarbon dating on a pyroclastic flow deposit from the volcano estimated that the last eruption was in 1820
Cagua 1,1603,810 18°13′19″N122°07′23″E / 18.222°N 122.123°E / 18.222; 122.123 (Cagua) Cagayan 1Eruption in 1860 and strong solfataric activity in 1907. Thermal areas are near the summit and NW to NNE flanks.
Camiguin de Babuyanes 7122,336 18°49′48″N121°51′36″E / 18.83°N 121.860°E / 18.83; 121.860 (Camiguin de Babuyanes) Cagayan 1Its only recorded eruption was in 1857. Fumarolic with thermal springs
Didicas 8432,766 19°04′37″N122°12′07″E / 19.077°N 122.202°E / 19.077; 122.202 (Didicas) Cagayan 6Eruptions in 1773, 1856, 1900, 1952, 1969 and 1978. A submarine volcano till 1952 when a permanent island was formed. [10]
Hibok‑Hibok 1,3324,370 9°12′11″N124°40′23″E / 9.203°N 124.673°E / 9.203; 124.673 (Hibok-Hibok) Camiguin 5Eruption in years 1827, 1862, 1871 and 1948–1952. Activity from 1897–1902 was only solfataric. Permanently monitored.
Iraya 1,0093,310 20°28′08″N122°00′36″E / 20.469°N 122.010°E / 20.469; 122.010 (Iraya) Batanes 1Last eruption was in 1454. Seismic swarm in 1998.
Iriga 1,1433,750 13°27′25″N123°27′25″E / 13.457°N 123.457°E / 13.457; 123.457 (Iriga) Camarines Sur 0The eruption in 1628 was discredited. [11]
Isarog 1,1433,750 13°39′29″N123°22′48″E / 13.658°N 123.38°E / 13.658; 123.38 (Isarog) Camarines Sur 2The last eruption was around 3500 BCE ± 125 years and 2374 BCE ± 87 years based on radiocarbon dating. [12] [13] [14]
Jolo Group 6202,030 6°00′47″N121°03′25″E / 6.013°N 121.057°E / 6.013; 121.057 (Jolo Group) Sulu 0Uncertain submarine eruption in 1897. Listed as Bud Dajo, a cinder cone on Jolo Island, in the PHIVOLCS list.
Kanlaon 2,4357,989 10°24′43″N123°07′55″E / 10.412°N 123.132°E / 10.412; 123.132 (Kanla-on) Negros Occidental, Negros Oriental 26Eruptions were recorded from 1886 to 2006. On November 23, 2015 the volcano had a small, steam-driven explosion. PHIVOLCS raised the alert level to 1 (mild restiveness). Permanently monitored.
Leonard Kniaseff 200660 7°22′55″N126°02′49″E / 7.382°N 126.047°E / 7.382; 126.047 (Leonard Kniaseff) Davao de Oro 0Last eruption was dated as c.120 AD. [15] Strong thermal features.
Makaturing 1,9406,360 7°38′49″N124°19′12″E / 7.647°N 124.32°E / 7.647; 124.32 (Makaturing) Lanao del Sur 2Eruption recorded in 1865 and 1882. The 1856 and 1858 eruptions was credited to Ragang [16] [17]
Matutum 2,2867,500 6°22′N125°04′E / 6.37°N 125.07°E / 6.37; 125.07 (Matutum) South Cotabato 0Mountain was fumarolic on March 7, 1911, but if an eruption occurred was uncertain. Thermal springs in Akmoan and Linan. [18] [19]
Mayon 2,4608,070 13°15′25″N123°41′06″E / 13.257°N 123.685°E / 13.257; 123.685 (Mayon) Albay 54Eruptions were recorded from 1616 to 2023. Permanently monitored. Most recent major volcanic activity occurred in 2023.
Mélébingóy 1,7845,853 6°06′47″N124°53′31″E / 6.113°N 124.892°E / 6.113; 124.892 (Mount Melibengoy) South Cotabato 1A caldera-forming eruption occurred on January 4, 1641.
Musuan 6462,119 7°52′37″N125°04′05″E / 7.877°N 125.068°E / 7.877; 125.068 (Musuan) Bukidnon 2Eruptions in 1866 & 1867. Strong seismic swarm in 1976.
Pinatubo 1,4454,741 15°08′N120°21′E / 15.13°N 120.35°E / 15.13; 120.35 (Pinatubo) Zambales, Tarlac, Pampanga 4Reawakened in 1991, producing the 2nd largest eruption in the 20th century. Followed by milder eruptions in 1992 and 1993. Also minor additional activities in 2021. Permanently monitored.
Ragang 2,8159,236 7°42′N124°30′E / 7.70°N 124.50°E / 7.70; 124.50 (Ragang) Lanao del Sur , Cotabato 7Eruption years are from 1765 to 1873. Eruptions were uncertain in 1915 and 1916.
San Pablo Volcanic Field 1,0903,580 14°07′N121°18′E / 14.12°N 121.30°E / 14.12; 121.30 (San Pablo Volcanic Field) Laguna, Batangas 1Last activity was the formation of Sampaloc Lake around 1350 AD +/- 100 years determined by anthropology [7] [20]
Smith 6882,257 19°32′02″N121°55′01″E / 19.534°N 121.917°E / 19.534; 121.917 (Smith) Cagayan 6Eruption years are from 1652 to 1924. Combined with Babuyan Claro on the GVP list.
Taal 3111,020 14°00′07″N120°59′35″E / 14.002°N 120.993°E / 14.002; 120.993 (Taal) Batangas 39Previous eruption years are from 1572 to 1977. Currently having an ongoing unrest erupting. Permanently monitored.
Unnamed volcano
(Ibugos) 		−24−79 20°20′N121°45′E / 20.33°N 121.75°E / 20.33; 121.75 (Unnamed volcano (Ibugos)) Batanes 3Submarine eruptions in 1773, 1850, and 1854.

See also

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References

  1. ↑ Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology. "Volcanoes of the Philippines" . Retrieved June 16, 2021.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 "List of Active Volcanoes". Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS). July 30, 2008. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016.
  3. ↑ Smithsonian Institution. "Isarog" . Retrieved June 16, 2021.
  4. ↑ Admin, Bicolmail Web (September 16, 2022). "It is official: Mt. Isarog is active". bicolmail. Retrieved October 8, 2022.
  5. ↑ Daita, Timothy John E. (January 1, 2020). "Paleomagnetic determination of pyroclastic density current deposits in Tagongtong and Bagumbayan Grande, Goa, Camarines Sur, Philippines and the identification of Isarog volcano's latest eruption age". Virtual GeoCon.
  6. 1 2 "Volcanoes of the Philippines and Southeast Asia". Global Volcanism Program . Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved August 18, 2011.
  7. 1 2 "Volcano Data Criteria". Global Volcanism Program . Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved August 18, 2011.
  8. ↑ "Eruption History, Ambalatungan Group". Global Volcanism Program. Retrieved on August 18, 2011.
  9. ↑ "Banahaw Eruption History". Global Volcanism Program. Retrieved on August 18, 2011.
  10. ↑ "Didicas Eruption History". Global Volcanism Program. Retrieved on August 18, 2011.
  11. ↑ "Iriga Eruption History". Global Volcanism Program. Retrieved on August 18, 2011.
  12. ↑ Smithsonian Institution. "Isarog" . Retrieved June 16, 2021.
  13. ↑ Admin, Bicolmail Web (September 16, 2022). "It is official: Mt. Isarog is active". bicolmail. Retrieved October 8, 2022.
  14. ↑ Daita, Timothy John E. (January 1, 2020). "Paleomagnetic determination of pyroclastic density current deposits in Tagongtong and Bagumbayan Grande, Goa, Camarines Sur, Philippines and the identification of Isarog volcano's latest eruption age". Virtual GeoCon.
  15. ↑ "Leonard Range Eruption History". Global Volcanism Program. Retrieved on August 18, 2011.
  16. ↑ "Makaturing Eruption History". Global Volcanism Program. Retrieved on August 18, 2011.
  17. ↑ "Makaturing". Global Volcanism Program. Retrieved on August 18, 2011.
  18. ↑ "Matutum". Global Volcanism Program. Retrieved on August 18, 2011.
  19. ↑ "Matutum Eruption History". Global Volcanism Program. Retrieved on August 18, 2011.
  20. ↑ "San Pablo Volcanic Field Eruption History". Global Volcanism Program. Retrieved on August 18, 2011.
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