Navotas

Navotas
Highly urbanized city
From top, left to right: Aerial view of Navotas, Navotas City Hall, Navotas Fish Port Complex, Diocesan Shrine and Parish of San Jose de Navotas, Navotas Agora Complex, Navotas City Walk
Seal
Nickname:  Commercial Fishing Hub of the Philippines
Motto:  Itaas ang antas ng Buhay-Navoteño (Raise the Level of the Navoteño Life)
Anthem: Himno ng Navotas; English: Navotas Hymn
Map of Metro Manila with Navotas highlighted
OpenStreetMap
Navotas Location within the Philippines
Coordinates: 14°40′00″N120°56′30″E / 14.6667°N 120.9417°E / 14.6667; 120.9417
Country	Philippines
Region	National Capital Region
Province	none
District	Lone district
Founded	February 16, 1859
Annexation to Malabon	October 12, 1903
Chartered	January 16, 1906
Cityhood and HUC	June 24, 2007
Barangays	18 (see Barangays)
Government   [1]
• Type	Sangguniang Panlungsod
•  Mayor	John Reynald M. Tiangco (NVTEÑO)
•  Vice Mayor	Tito M. Sanchez (NVTEÑO)
•  Representative	Tobias Reynald M. Tiangco (NVTEÑO)
•  Councilors	List 1st District • Edgardo Maño • Reynaldo Monroy • Alvin Jason S. Nazal • Richard San Juan • Lance Angelo Santiago • Arvie John Vicencio • 2nd District • Neil Adrian Cruz • Clint Nicolas Geronimo • Emil Justin Angelo Gino-gino • Analiza Lupisan • Ron Hansel Miguel Naval • Cesar Justine Santos Liga ng mga Barangay President • Rochelle Vicencio Sangguniang Kabataan Federation President • Jodile Cañete
•  Electorate	150,693 voters (2022)
Area [2]
• Total	8.94 km2 (3.45 sq mi)
• Rank	144th out of 145
Elevation	19 m (62 ft)
Highest elevation	263 m (863 ft)
Lowest elevation	−3 m (−10 ft)
Population  (2020 census) [3]
• Total	247,543
• Density	28,000/km2 (72,000/sq mi)
•  Households	63,167
Demonym(s)	Navoteño Navoteña
Economy
•  Income class	1st city income class
•  Poverty incidence	3.10 % (2021) [4]
•  Revenue	₱ 1,482 million (2020)
•  Assets	₱ 4,715 million (2022)
•  Expenditure	₱ 1,394 million (2020)
•  Liabilities	₱ 1,121 million (2020)
Service provider
•  Electricity	Manila Electric Company (Meralco)
Time zone	UTC+8 (PST)
ZIP code	1409, 1411–1413, 1485, 1489–1490
PSGC	137503000
IDD  :  area code	+63 (0)2
Native languages	Tagalog
Website	www.navotas.gov.ph

Navotas, officially the City of Navotas (Filipino : Lungsod ng Navotas), is a highly urbanized city in the National Capital Region of the Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 247,543 people. ^[3]

It was formerly part of the Province of Rizal in southern Luzon. It comprises what is known as the CAMANAVA area along with the cities of Caloocan, Malabon, and Valenzuela.

It is known as the Commercial Fishing Hub of the Philippines, for the city has the third largest fish port in Asia and the largest in Southeast Asia. Although it was established on February 16, 1859, Navotas celebrates its foundation day every January 16, the day in 1906 when it finally separated from Malabon. Navotas became a highly urbanized city on June 24, 2007. ^[5]

Etymology

Navotas was once part of Malabon. According to one legend, the long and narrow delta extended unbroken from north to south along the seashore. The strip of land between the former district of Tondo, Manila and this town was eaten away by the sea until an opening was made. Water began to flow through the opening. The geographical change prompted the people to refer to the place as "butas", "nayon ng butas", or "nabutas", a Tagalog word that means breached or pierced through. ^{[6] :  99} What began as a natural channel developed into a regular waterway, now known as the Navotas River. In later years, the place came to be known as "Nabotas", then "Navotas". ^[7]

It was also known as Hacienda de Navotas. It was once owned by the Dominican friars until it was sold to the Pascual family during the early days of the American regime and developed into a residential estate.

San Jose de Navotas was the name given to the locality after its patron saint, Saint Joseph. On June 11, 1859, a "Superior Decreto" established a new parish and municipality under the supervision of Friar Matias Navoa. The populace was divided into two distinct groups, the naturales (locals) and the mestizos . Mariano Estrellas was the gobernadorcillo (petty governor) of the naturales and Mariano Israel, of the mestizos. Today, because records are incomplete, recognition is only given to the gobernadorcillos for the mestizos. A school in honor of San Jose was built and known as "San Jose Academy."

History

All that I have above related having taken place, it was decided to make peace with the nearest villages, some of whom had come to beg it from the governor, and others would not. Among those who would not come was a village called Butas, situated on an inlet on the other side of the river flowing past Manilla, and about a league and a half away. This village, uniting with the others near by, sent word that they did not wish peace or friendship with the governor; and had the boldness to come as far as the village of Alcandora [ie Lakandula], quite close to Manilla, whence they sent defiance to the governor and the captains.

—Unknown writer, Relation on Conquest of the Island of Luzon (1572) ^[8]

Spanish colonial era

The movement for the separation of barrios San Jose de Navotas and Bangkulasi from Tambobong (now Malabon), then a town in the province of Tondo (later Manila), began on December 20, 1827. Led by the principales of such barrios, such separation was petitioned before the Spanish colonial government when the locals experienced difficulties in doing business transactions and accessing Tambobong's poblacion across what is now the Navotas River for religious events.

On February 16, 1859, the petition was finally granted, separating both barrios from Tambobong to form a new distinct town. ^[6] The town initially composed of four barrios (villages): San Jose, Tangos, Bangkulasi, and Tanza. Later on June 11, the Real Audiencia enacted a Superior Decreto, which established the San Jose de Navotas Parish with a church and parochial school.

On August 6, 1898, Navotas joined the revolutionary government of General Emilio Aguinaldo. ^[7]

American occupation

On June 11, 1901, Navotas was eventually incorporated into the newly created province of Rizal with the enactment of Act No. 137. ^[9]

On October 12, 1903, the town was returned to Malabon by virtue of Act No. 942. ^[10] On January 16, 1906, Navotas regained its independent municipality status with the enactment of Act No. 1442 which separated it from Malabon. ^[11]

Philippine independence

On November 7, 1975, Navotas was transferred from the province of Rizal to the newly formed National Capital Region or Metro Manila, by virtue of Presidential Decree No. 824. ^[12]

Cityhood

On June 24, 2007, Navotas became a highly urbanized city by virtue of Republic Act No. 9387 dated March 10, 2007, after a plebiscite was conducted. ^[13]

Geography

Topography

Navotas is a coastal town in the northwest part of Metro Manila. It is a narrow strip of land with an aggregated shoreline of approximately 4.5 kilometers (2.8 mi). It is bordered on the north by Obando, Bulacan along Sukol Creek which separates it from Balt; on the south by the city of Manila; on the east by the cities of Malabon and Caloocan and bodies of water such as Binuangan River, the Daang Cawayan River, the Dampalit River, the Batasan River, the Navotas River, the Bangculasi Channel, the Malabon Channel and the Estero de Maypajo; and on the west by Manila Bay. Islands encompassed by the city include Navotas Island, where the city proper is located, and Isla Pulo.

Land reclamation, which includes the Navotas Fish Port Complex, had increased the city's land area. Projects such as the Navotas Boulevard Business Park and the Navotas Fish Port Complex expansion by the Philippine Fisheries Development Authority are expected to add up to 680 hectares (1,700 acres) to the city's land area. ^[14]

Climate

Climate data for Navotas
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)	29 (84)	30 (86)	32 (90)	34 (93)	33 (91)	31 (88)	30 (86)	29 (84)	29 (84)	30 (86)	30 (86)	29 (84)	31 (87)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)	20 (68)	20 (68)	21 (70)	23 (73)	24 (75)	25 (77)	24 (75)	24 (75)	24 (75)	23 (73)	22 (72)	21 (70)	23 (73)
Average precipitation mm (inches)	7 (0.3)	7 (0.3)	9 (0.4)	21 (0.8)	101 (4.0)	152 (6.0)	188 (7.4)	170 (6.7)	159 (6.3)	115 (4.5)	47 (1.9)	29 (1.1)	1,005 (39.7)
Average rainy days	3.3	3.5	11.1	8.1	18.9	23.5	26.4	25.5	24.5	19.6	10.4	6.4	181.2
Source: Meteoblue [15]

Barangays

Political map of Navotas

Navotas is politically subdivided into 2 districts, with 18 barangays:

Barangays of Navotas
Administration			Population
Barangay [16]	District	Barangay Captain [17]	2020 [18]	2010 [19]	10 year Change	Zip Code
Bagumbayan North	1st	Marilou Gonzales	1,677	2,652	-36.8%
Bagumbayan South	1st	Lito Sulit	4,331	4,524	-4.3%
Bangkulasi (Banculasi) [a]	1st	Ronaldo Reyes	8,344	8,263	+1%
Daanghari	2nd	Alvin S. Oliveros	14,348	19,179	-25.2%
Navotas East	1st	Dennis Tan Juan	2,126	2,241	-5.1%
Navotas West	1st	Elvira Dela Rosa	6,367	8,698	-26.8%
NBBS Dagat-dagatan (North Bay Boulevard South)	1st	Domingo L. Elape	32,681		est. +6.5%
NBBS Kaunlaran (North Bay Boulevard South) [b]	1st	Federico S. Natividad, Jr.	21,916	68,375	est. +6.5%
NBBS Proper (North Bay Boulevard South)	1st	Elvis I. Desabille	18,217		est. +6.5%
North Bay Boulevard North	1st	Melvin F. Manalo	14,743	16,201	-9%
San Jose (Poblacion)	2nd	Hernan B. Perez	23,950	28,153	-14.9%	1485
San Rafael Village	1st	George U. So	3,489	3,530	-1.2%
San Roque	2nd	Enrico Plaza Gino-Gino	19,361	17,916	+8.1%
Sipac Almacen	1st	Dorwin M. Villanueva	9,163	11,541	-20.6%	1485
Tangos North	2nd	Margarita P. Limbaro	17,514		est. +8.9%	1489
Tangos South [c] (Tañgos)	2nd	Wilfredo R. Mariano	18,359	32,941	est. +8.9%	1489
Tanza 1 [d]	2nd	Carlito . De Guzman	15,319	24,917	est. +24.2%	1490
Tanza 2	2nd	Rochelle C. Vicencio	15,638		est. +24.2%

Population Changes

Some barangays in Navotas experienced dramatic population change between 2010 and 2020. This is because of an ongoing effort by the government to relocate informal settlers from hazard-prone areas to socialized housing built in Barangay Tanza 2.

Navotas East

Navotas East is bounded by Barangay Sipac-Almacen to the north, Barangay Tañong of Malabon (via Estrella Bridge over Navotas River) to the east, Barangay Navotas West to the west, and Brgy. Bagumbayan North to the south. Their patron saint is San Ildefonso.^{[ citation needed ]}

San Jose

Diocesan Shrine and Parish of San Jose de Navotas

The name of Barangay San Jose was derived from the Diocesan Shrine and Parish of San Jose de Navotas, the first place of worship in the town.^{[ citation needed ]}

San Roque

Barangay San Roque is bounded by Tangos South to the northwest and north, Tangos North and Tanza, Navotas (via Badeo 5) to the northeast, Brgy. Hulong Duhat, Malabon and Brgy. Flores, Malabon in Malabon to the east (via Navotas River, Badeo 4), Manila Bay to the west and Brgy. Daanghari to the south. Its name is derived from San Roque de Navotas Parish, the first place of worship in the town.^{[ citation needed ]}

It is famous for its annual fiesta, every last Saturday and Sunday of the month of January. Every fiesta the whole barangay (including Brgy's Tangos North and Tangos South) is filled with stalls and stores. Also every fiesta of San Roque, A. Dela Cruz St. is full of stalls which sell kalamay, from Batangas.^{[ citation needed ]}

Sipac-Almacen

Barangay Sipac-Almacen is famous for the location of the Navotas City Hall and some points of interest like Navotas National High School, the main high school of Navotas, Navotas Playground, and others.^{[ citation needed ]}

Former Barangays

Until 2018 Navotas had 14 barangays.

Northbay Boulevard South

In accordance with Republic Act No. 10933, approved by President Rodrigo Duterte on August 23, 2017, and ratified in a plebiscite on January 5, 2018, Northbay Boulevard South was divided into Barangays NBBS Kaunlaran, NBBS Dagat-dagatan, and NBBS Proper. ^{[20] [21] [22]}

Tangos

Pursuant to Republic Act No. 10934, ^[23] approved by President Rodrigo Duterte on August 23, 2017, and ratified in a plebiscite on January 5, 2018, Tangos was divided into Barangays Tangos North and Tangos South. ^{[20] [21]}

Tanza

Main article: Tanza, Navotas

Barangay Tanza occupied the northernmost portion of the city, including Isla Pulo which is separated from the city proper, and was bounded by Barangay Binuangan and Salambao in Obando, Bulacan to the north, Manila Bay and Barangay San Roque to the west, Barangay Hulong Duhat and Dampalit, Malabon to the east, and Barangay Tangos to the south.

By virtue of Republic Act No. 10935, ^[24] approved by President Rodrigo Duterte on August 23, 2017, and ratified in a plebiscite on January 5, 2018, Tanza was divided into Barangays Tanza 1 and Tanza 2. ^{[20] [21]}

Both Tanza 1 and Tanza 2 are accessible via Badeo 5 in Barangay San Roque, Navotas and the Tanza-Malabon Bridge in Barangay Hulong Duhat in Malabon.

Demographics

Population census of Navotas

Year Pop. ±% p.a. 1903 11,688 —     1918 13,454 +0.94% 1939 20,861 +2.11% 1948 28,889 +3.68% 1960 49,262 +4.55% 1970 83,245 +5.38% 1975 97,098 +3.14% 1980 126,146 +5.37%	Year Pop. ±% p.a. 1990 187,479 +4.04% 1995 229,039 +3.82% 2000 230,403 +0.13% 2007 245,344 +0.87% 2010 249,131 +0.56% 2015 249,463 +0.03% 2020 247,543 −0.15%
Source: Philippine Statistics Authority [25] [26] [27] [28]

Economy

Poverty incidence of Navotas

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 2006 6.20 2009 3.80 2012 6.00 2015 5.50 2018 3.40 2021 3.10 Source: Philippine Statistics Authority [29] [30] [31] [32] [33] [34] [35] [36]

Fishing and Aquaculture

Navotas Fish Port Complex

Navotas has been dubbed as the Fishing Capital of the Philippines. ^{[37] [38]} The city is home to the Navotas Fish Port Complex, which is considered as the Philippines's premier fish center. ^[39]

Shipbuilding and repair

In the ship repair sector, the Navotas complex is expected to accommodate 96 vessels for repair. ^[40]

Government

Navotas City Hall

Local government

Main article: Sangguniang Panglungsod

Elected officials

Further information: Mayor of Navotas and Navotas City Council

Incumbent Navotas city officials

Name	Party
House of Representatives
Tobias Reynald M. Tiangco		Navoteño
City Mayor
John Reynald M. Tiangco		Navoteño
City Vice Mayor
Tito M. Sanchez		Navoteño
1st District
Edgardo D.C. Maño		Navoteño
Reynaldo A. Monroy		Navoteño
Alvin Jason S. Nazal		Navoteño
Richard S. San Juan		Navoteño
Lance Angelo E. Santiago		Navoteño
Arvie John S. Vicencio		Navoteño
2nd District
Neil Adrian S. Cruz		Navoteño
Clint Nicolas B. Geronimo		Navoteño
Emil Justin Angelo G. Gino-gino		Navoteño
Analiza D.C. Lupisan		Navoteño
Ron Hansel Miguel S. Naval		Navoteño
Cesar Justine F. Santos		Navoteño
Ex officio City Council members
ABC President	Rochelle C. Vicencio
SK President	Jodile Cañete

Political profile

With regards to the separation of Navotas from Malabon in 1859 and the organization thereof as a distinct municipality or "pueblo" with its own government and church, this town was headed by the gobernadorcillos who exercised executive and judicial functions. However, as this locality was composed of two groups the naturales and the mestizos, each of which had its own gobernadorcillo appointed by the governor-general who was the supreme authority in all local matters, since the inhabitants did not allow choosing their officials. This political system was somehow revoked at the end of the Spanish Regime through the Maura Law of 1883, which guided some of the selected officials to the supervision of an insular authority. During the revolutionary period (from 1898 to 1902), as the democratic system of local governance was being established via the First Philippines Republic and Malolos Constitution, people of Navotas with high character, social position and honorable conduct gathered in a meeting and elected the chief of the town, the headman of the barrio (barangay) and three officials viz., for police and internal order, justice and civil registry, and taxes and property. In this situation, these elected officials constitute an assembly wherein the chief of the town was the president, the headman, the vice-president, and the justice officer the secretary. In this period, the name of Navotas LGU and its head were changed from "pueblo to municipality" and from "President to Mayor". Philippine Commission, which exercised supervision over local government, appointed the first local official. Gradually, election of officials was allowed.

During the period of the Philippine Commonwealth (from 1935 to 1945), the 1935 constitution ushered. This provided that the President of the Philippines should exercise general supervision over all local governments. This allowed Navotas to have three leaders. This trend from 1946 to 1972 (during the second Philippine Republic) was toward decentralization. Congress passed laws giving more autonomy to Local Government Units through the grant of additional powers and lessening of national control affairs. This created four Mayors of Navotas. During the Martial Law Period, President Marcos had changed the structure and functions of LGU's, thus decentralization suffered the set back with the concentration of power on his hands. After December 31, 1975 (expiration of tenure of office of the local elective officials), the President assumed the power of appointment of the officials as authorized by the people in a referendum held on February 27, 1975. During the Marcos Regime, Navotas had two Mayors.

Navotas was proclaimed as a full-fledged city by virtue of RA 9387 ^[41] that converted the municipality of Navotas into a highly urbanized city. A plebiscite was held on June 24, 2007, which was ratified the conversion of Navotas into a highly urbanized city.

Education

Further information: Division of City Schools–Navotas

Navotas Polytechnic College

Navotas has 15 public elementary schools and 6 public secondary schools including Navotas National High School and Kaunlaran High School. ^[42] The Navotas Polytechnic College located at the North Bay Boulevard South in Kaunlaran Village is owned and operated by the city.

Sports

Navotas was home to the Navotas Uni-Pak Sardines, a founding member of the Maharlika Pilipinas Basketball League during its inaugural season and played for three seasons until the 2019–20 season.

Transportation

Navotas City Terminal

Main article: Transportation in Navotas

Transportation in Navotas is provided by cars, bicycle pedicab, tricycles, boats, bus, jeepney and taxi.

C-4 Road between Tanong, Malabon and Navotas West is the most popular bus stopover.

Commuting in boats is popular in the city because of its location by Manila Bay. The pier of commuting boats are located in San Roque, Navotas that connects to Tanza, Navotas, which is separated by water.

Notable personalities

See also: List of people from Metro Manila

• Lean Alejandro, student leader and left-wing nationalist political activist
• Luz Oliveros-Belardo, National Scientist of the Philippines for Phytochemistry
• Engracia Cruz-Reyes, chef and entrepreneur
• Jorella Marie de Jesus, professional volleyball player
• Froilan Baguion, professional basketball player
• Gerald Santos, singer and actor
• Jelo Acosta, rapper & actor
• Wendy Valdez, beauty queen, and an actress.
• Ate Negi, Comedian, Host

Sister cities

• Parañaque, Philippines
• Manila, Philippines

Notes

1. The official website of the City of Navotas spells the barangay's name as "Bangkulasi" (which is also depicted in the barangay's seal that is shown by the website), while the Philippine Statistics Authority spells the name as "Bangculasi."
2. Population figures refer to the former barangay of Northbay Boulevard South, which was divided into NBBS Dagat-dagatan, NBBS Kaunlaran, and NBBS Proper in 2018.
3. Population figures refer to the former barangay of Tangos, which was divided into Tangos North and Tangos South in 2018.
4. Population figures refer to the former barangay of Tanza, which was divided into Tanza 1 and Tanza 2 in 2018.

References

1.   City of Navotas | (DILG)
2. "2015 Census of Population, Report No. 3 – Population, Land Area, and Population Density" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. Quezon City, Philippines. August 2016. ISSN   0117-1453. Archived (PDF) from the original on May 25, 2021. Retrieved July 16, 2021.
3. Census of Population (2020). "National Capital Region (NCR)". Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. Philippine Statistics Authority . Retrieved July 8, 2021.
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6. Salonga, Isayas (1934). Rizal Province directory. Vol. 1. Manila: University of Michigan Digital Collections. Retrieved April 17, 2024.
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8. Blair, Emma (1906). The Philippine Islands, 1493–1898. Vol. 3. Arthur H. Clark Company. p. 135.
9. Act No. 137 (June 11, 1901), An Act Extending the Provisions of the Provincial Government Act to the Province of Rizal
10. Act No. 942 (October 12, 1903), An Act Reducing the Thirty-Two Municipalities of the Province of Rizal to Fifteen , retrieved April 24, 2022
11. Act No. 1442 (January 16, 1906), An Act Increasing the Number of Municipalities in the Province of Rizal From Sixteen, as Established by Act Numbered Nine Hundred and Forty-two, as Amended, to Seventeen, by Making Malabon and Navotas Separate Municipalities, and Transferring the Former Municipality of Baras From the Municipality of Morong to the Municipality of Tanay , retrieved April 24, 2022
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21. Villamente, Jing (January 8, 2018). "Navotas Voters OK Creation of 4 Villages". The Manila Times . Retrieved March 17, 2020.
22. Republic Act No. 10723 (August 23, 2017), An Act Dividing Barangay North Bay Boulevard South (NBBS) in the City of Navotas Into Three (3) Distinct and Independent Barangays to Be Known as Barangay NBBS Proper, Barangay NBBS Kaunlaran and Barangay NBBS Dagat-dagatan , retrieved May 22, 2020
23. Republic Act No. 10934 (August 23, 2017), An Act Dividing Barangay Tangos in the City of Navotas Into Two (2) Distinct and Independent Barangays to Be Known as Barangays Tangos North and Tangos South , retrieved May 22, 2020
24. Republic Act No. 10935 (August 23, 2017), An Act Dividing Barangay Tanza in the City of Navotas Into Two (2) Distinct and Independent Barangays to Be Known as Barangay Tanza 1 and Barangay Tanza 2 , retrieved March 17, 2020
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27. Censuses of Population (1903–2007). "National Capital Region (NCR)". Table 1. Population Enumerated in Various Censuses by Province/Highly Urbanized City: 1903 to 2007. National Statistics Office.
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29. "Poverty incidence (PI):". Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved December 28, 2020.
30. "Estimation of Local Poverty in the Philippines" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. November 29, 2005.
31. "2003 City and Municipal Level Poverty Estimates" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. March 23, 2009.
32. "City and Municipal Level Poverty Estimates; 2006 and 2009" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. August 3, 2012.
33. "2012 Municipal and City Level Poverty Estimates" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. May 31, 2016.
34. "Municipal and City Level Small Area Poverty Estimates; 2009, 2012 and 2015". Philippine Statistics Authority. July 10, 2019.
35. . Philippine Statistics Authority. June 4, 2020 https://psa.gov.ph/sites/default/files/Table%202a.%20Updated%20Annual%20Per%20Capita%20Poverty%20Threshold%2C%20Poverty%20Incidence%20and%20Magnitude%20of%20Poor%20Population%20with%20Measures%20of%20Precision%2C%20%20by%20Region%2C%20Province%20and%20HUC_2018.xlsx.{{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
36. "PSA Releases the 2021 City and Municipal Level Poverty Estimates". Philippine Statistics Authority. April 2, 2024. Retrieved April 28, 2024.
37. Mongaya, Candeze (July 27, 2017). "Bulungan at the Navotas Fish Complex". Archived from the original on July 27, 2017.
38. Lumaque, Leonard Brian L.; Lopez, Ahvie A.; Comedis, Emily (2015). Navotas: Sharing their Fishing Culture (PDF). Proceedings of the DLSU Research Congress. Vol. 3.
39. "Navotas Fish Port Complex". Philippine Fisheries Development Authority. July 12, 2016. Retrieved February 18, 2023.
40. De Leon, Max V. (November 22, 2012). "Filipino Firm Invests P259M for Shipyard in Navotas". Business Mirror. Archived from the original on December 16, 2012. Retrieved January 12, 2013.
41. "Republic Act No. 9387: An Act Conventing the Municipality of Navotas into a Highly Urbanized City to be Known as the City of Navotas". The Corpus Juris. March 10, 2007. Retrieved March 9, 2016.
42. "Schools List" (PDF). Navotas City Website. Retrieved January 23, 2015.^{[ permanent dead link ‍]}

External links

• Media related to Navotas at Wikimedia Commons
• Geographic data related to Navotas at OpenStreetMap
• Philippine Standard Geographic Code