Mario & Luigi

Last updated

Mario & Luigi
Mario and Luigi Logo.png
Logo since 2013
Genre(s) Role-playing
Developer(s) AlphaDream (2003–2018)
Acquire (2024)
Publisher(s) Nintendo
Platform(s)
First release Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga
November 17, 2003
Latest release Mario & Luigi: Brothership
November 7, 2024
Parent series Mario
Luigi

Mario & Luigi (also known as Mario & Luigi RPG in Japanese regions)[ citation needed ] is a series of role-playing video games published by Nintendo and originally developed by AlphaDream prior to their bankruptcy. The series is a spin-off from Nintendo's trademark Super Mario series and stars the titular characters Mario and Luigi. The games' stories typically follow the two exploring locales unique to the series on a quest to defeat an antagonist, most of the time original. It began in 2003 on the Game Boy Advance with Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga , with the latest original installment being Mario & Luigi: Brothership , which released for the Nintendo Switch on November 7, 2024. [1] [2] Two titles in the series, Superstar Saga and Bowser's Inside Story, were remade for the Nintendo 3DS with extra content, with the latter being the final game in the series developed by AlphaDream before they declared bankruptcy in 2019.

Contents

Gameplay

The gameplay of the Mario & Luigi series consists of mostly role-playing elements; however, the Mario & Luigi games do differ from most other RPGs in its focus on controlling Mario and Luigi simultaneously. During overworld sections, the player controls Mario's movement with Luigi following closely. Mario and Luigi's other actions are controlled individually with the A (Mario) and B (Luigi) buttons respectively in both the overworld and battle sections. These controls are also used to explore the overworld to solve puzzles and find collectibles using various special moves that often have Mario and Luigi working together. Like many other RPG series, the Mario & Luigi series contains a traditional turn-based battle system. It also uses Action Commands, similarly to the Paper Mario franchise. These actions consist of Mario's and Luigi's signature jumps, as well as hammer attacks. Unique to the series is the use of real-time commands while an enemy is attacking so that if the player uses successful timing, they can completely avoid an attack or even do damage to the enemy instead of getting hit. This mechanism encourages the player to learn enemy's attack patterns and proper timing. Some titles in the series feature additional characters alongside Mario and Luigi; these include Baby Mario and Baby Luigi in Partners in Time, Bowser in Bowser’s Inside Story, and Paper Mario in Paper Jam.

Development

Release timeline
New main series entries in bold
2003 Superstar Saga (GBA)
2004
2005 Partners in Time (DS)
2006
2007
2008
2009 Bowser's Inside Story (DS)
2010
2011
2012
2013 Dream Team (3DS)
2014
2015 Paper Jam (3DS)
2016
2017 Superstar Saga + Bowser's Minions (3DS)
2018 Bowser's Inside Story + Bowser Jr.'s Journey (3DS)
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024 Brothership (Switch)

2000–2003: AlphaDream founding, conception and first game

The Mario & Luigi series is based on the foundations of Super Mario RPG. Super Mario RPG Logo.png
The Mario & Luigi series is based on the foundations of Super Mario RPG .

"Because I don't want to end up in a situation where my mind is too clouded by nostalgia for old games, and I can't focus on how to best explore new avenues and new ways of bringing fun and surprising experiences to people."

Producer Akira Ohtani, IGN , 2013 interview [3]

AlphaDream was founded in 2000 by former employees from Square including Chihiro Fujioka, director of Super Mario RPG , and Tetsuo Mizuno, Square's second president. [4] [5] [6] Square had previously developed Super Mario RPG, the first role-playing game (RPG) starring characters from the Mario series. After a number of smaller games, Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga was their first game to be released outside of Japan.

The Mario & Luigi series took inspiration from Super Mario RPG when it came to turn-based combat. Yoshihiko Maekawa, a producer at AlphaDream who also co-directed Super Mario RPG, noted how the latter was inspired by a children's toy in Japan where the player had to press buttons in time with music. From there he conceptualized turn-based mechanics that blended action with general RPG gameplay, where the player had to make timed button presses to be more successful. It was there the developers knew they were creating an RPG game that had a Mario feel. Transitioning to the Mario & Luigi series, AlphaDream revisited the timed button pressing combat system, making additions for the first game in the series, Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga. Each game following, they experimented more with the buttons available, making further additions as the series progressed. [3]

When it came to characters in Mario franchise at the time, they were generally underdeveloped. Since Mario & Luigi is mainly based on a text-based story, AlphaDream approached Nintendo with the mindset of revamping characters such as Luigi. With Nintendo's approval and support, the characters and their depth were developed from scratch.

2004–2009: Nintendo DS era

Nintendo revealed Mario & Luigi: Partners in Time (then called Mario & Luigi 2) at E3 2005, where a playable demonstration of the game was available. The demos consisted of three levels, each accompanied with a tutorial to guide the player. [7] Each level had a different objective and represented the characters' abilities in the game, such as the use of the hammer. Between the game's unveiling at E3 and its release, Nintendo of America revealed details of the game relating to Partners in Time's plot and gameplay, [8] as well as the fact that it would be compatible with the "Rumble Pak" feature. [9] Partners in Time was first released in North America on November 28, 2005. [10] Mario & Luigi: Bowser's Inside Story was revealed to be in development in October 2008 in Japan at Nintendo's Tokyo Press Event. At the time, the game was called Mario & Luigi RPG 3!!!. [11] From there, it was announced in North America and Europe at the E3 2009 event and released in the fall of the same year.

2010–2015: Nintendo 3DS era

With the introduction of three-dimensional graphics on the Nintendo 3DS, AlphaDream was given the opportunity to change their two-dimensional sprites to 3D ones with the updated hardware. However, Maekawa believed the company not only got very good at designing sprites due to limited graphical capability on prior consoles, but they also helped convey comical expressions, so they were kept. Instead, the backgrounds were fit to 3D. [12] Akira Otani, a producer of the series, considered the animation to be the main reasoning for the extensive development process of Mario & Luigi: Dream Team . He mentioned how it takes up to six people to design the animations for the characters alone. [13]

When it came to Mario & Luigi: Dream Team, the underlying goal was to put emphasis more on Luigi, as Maekawa considered to be lesser in-depth even after his reworking on his character. one of the first ideas for a gimmick suggested was having a large number of Luigis on-screen at one time. Due to advancing hardware, the processing power of such a task would work well. After the idea was determined, they began coming up with ideas where having multiple Luigis would make sense, and they stuck with the game taking place inside a dream. Due to the limitless concept of a dream world, coming up with level ideas was simple. [12]

According to the developers, Mario & Luigi: Paper Jam was created not to make a crossover between the Mario & Luigi and Paper Mario series, but rather to introduce the gimmick of having a third character to control simultaneously. When discussing the third character to control the third set of buttons, it was brought up how two Marios would be an interesting concept. While developing the game—with supervision from Intelligent Systems, the developers of the Paper Mario series—they were keen not to sacrifice simplicity for extra content, one of the ultimate goals of the Mario & Luigi series. For example, when one of the prototypes of the game that involved rapid and sudden button presses was presented to Shigeru Miyamoto, he directly turned the concept down and asked for it to be simpler. [14]

2016–2019: Remakes and studio closure

After Paper Jam, AlphaDream began work on remakes of older games in the series. Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga + Bowser's Minions is a remake of the first game that includes an additional mode, Minion Quest: The Search for Bowser, which follows Captain Goomba and features a real-time strategy battle system. The main reason why Bowser's Inside Story + Bowser Jr.'s Journey was released for the Nintendo 3DS and not the Nintendo Switch was for its use of dual screens, similar to that of the Nintendo DS. In addition, timing reasons led the developers to choose the 3DS as they could easily build upon prior assets instead of creating the title from scratch. Bowser Jr. was the focus of the side story because they wanted to build the parent-child narrative between him and Bowser. They also decided to remake Bowser's Inside Story and skip Partners in Time due to the former being the most successful game in the series. [15]

"The Mario & Luigi games were on a decline - a source once mentioned to me that this year's Bowser's Inside Story remake sold so badly that Nintendo axed other 3DS plans due to it."

Writer Imran Khan, Game Informer , 2019 [16]

From 2018 to 2019, AlphaDream began searching for people to hire, including graphic designers and production assistants with the intention of future games for the Nintendo Switch and smartphones. [17] [18] Their most recent Mario & Luigi game, Mario & Luigi: Bowser's Inside Story + Bowser Jr's Journey, was selling poorly and is one of the worst-selling Mario games in Japan to date. [18] Other release plans for the handheld were cancelled because of the low sales, also marking the last Mario game on the console. By March 2018, Yahoo! Japan reported AlphaDream was £3.5 million in debt (US$4.3 million) due to development costs. The company filed for bankruptcy in October 2019. [16] Three months later in January 2020, Nintendo filed a trademark for the series in Argentina, [19] and while most assumed Nintendo was simply protecting their IP, it also led to speculation that the series would hopefully continue on a later date. [20] [21] [22]

2024: Nintendo Switch era

In June 2024, the sixth installment in the series, Mario & Luigi: Brothership , was announced, set to release on November 7 on the Nintendo Switch. This is the first game not to be developed by the now-defunct AlphaDream. [23] Nintendo nevertheless noted that "some of the original developers" from the franchise are involved in the development of Brothership. [24] It was later revealed that Brothership was developed by Acquire; the information was found in the game's intellectual property notices. [25]

Reception

Aggregate review scores
GameYear Metacritic
Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga 200390/100 [26]
Mario & Luigi: Partners in Time 200586/100 [27]
Mario & Luigi: Bowser's Inside Story 200990/100 [28]
Mario & Luigi: Dream Team 201381/100 [29]
Mario & Luigi: Paper Jam 201576/100 [30]
Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga + Bowser's Minions 201781/100 [31]
Mario & Luigi: Bowser's Inside Story + Bowser Jr.'s Journey 201884/100 [32]
Mario & Luigi: Brothership 202477/100 [33]

All games in the series have received positive reception. According to the review aggregation website Metacritic, the first and third games in the series received "Universal acclaim", while all others received "Generally favorable reviews", with Mario & Luigi: Paper Jam holding the lowest rating.

Notes

    Related Research Articles

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">Luigi</span> Video game character

    Luigi is a character created by Japanese video game designer Shigeru Miyamoto. Part of Nintendo's Mario franchise, he is a kind-hearted, cowardly Italian plumber, and the younger fraternal twin brother and sidekick of Mario. Like his brother, Luigi's distinctive characteristics include his large nose and mustache, overalls, green hat, and high-pitched, exaggerated Italian accent.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">Mario</span> Fictional character

    Mario is a character created by the Japanese game designer Shigeru Miyamoto. He is the star of the Mario franchise, a recurring character in the Donkey Kong franchise, and the mascot of the Japanese video game company Nintendo. Mario is an Italian plumber who lives in the Mushroom Kingdom with his younger twin brother, Luigi. Their adventures generally involve rescuing Princess Peach from the villain Bowser while using power-ups that give them different abilities. Mario's distinctive characteristics include his large nose and mustache, overalls, red cap, and high-pitched, exaggerated Italian accent.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">Princess Peach</span> Video game character

    Princess Peach is a character in Nintendo's Mario franchise. She was created by Shigeru Miyamoto and introduced in the 1985 original Super Mario Bros. game as Princess Toadstool. She is the princess regnant and head of state of the Mushroom Kingdom, where she resides in her castle along with Toads. Since her debut, she has appeared in the majority of Mario video games as the main female character and the romantic interest of Mario. She has been voiced by Samantha Kelly since 2007.

    <i>Super Mario RPG</i> 1996 video game

    Super Mario RPG: Legend of the Seven Stars is a 1996 role-playing video game developed by Square and published by Nintendo for the Super Nintendo Entertainment System (SNES). It was the final Mario game for the SNES. The game was directed by Chihiro Fujioka and Yoshihiko Maekawa, produced by Shigeru Miyamoto, and scored by Yoko Shimomura.

    <i>Paper Mario</i> (video game) 2000 video game

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    <i>Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga</i> 2003 video game

    Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga is a 2003 role-playing video game developed by AlphaDream and published by Nintendo for the Game Boy Advance. It was re-released for the Wii U's Virtual Console in 2014, Nintendo Switch Online Service in 2023, and remade for the Nintendo 3DS as Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga + Bowser's Minions in 2017. The first game in the Mario & Luigi series, Superstar Saga follows Mario and Luigi as they travel to the Beanbean Kingdom in order to combat Cackletta and Fawful, who stole Princess Peach's voice for the purpose of harnessing the power of a special artifact called the Beanstar.

    <i>Mario & Luigi: Partners in Time</i> 2005 video game

    Mario & Luigi: Partners in Time is a role-playing video game developed by AlphaDream and published by Nintendo for the Nintendo DS handheld game console in late 2005. It is the second game in the Mario & Luigi series, and is the prequel/sequel to the 2003 Game Boy Advance game Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga. The game was later re-released for the Wii U as a Virtual Console title in 2015, available for purchase from the Nintendo eShop.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">AlphaDream</span> Defunct Japanese video game development company

    AlphaDream Corporation, Ltd. was a Japanese video game development company founded in 2000 by Tetsuo Mizuno and Chihiro Fujioka in Tokyo, Japan. In partnership with Nintendo, it produced software for the Game Boy Color, Game Boy Advance, Nintendo DS, Nintendo 3DS, and Nintendo Switch, including the Mario & Luigi series. The company's staff included former developers from Square, such as Yoshihiko Maekawa. On October 1, 2019, AlphaDream was shut down after filing for bankruptcy during the first stages of Mario & Luigi: Brothership's development.

    <i>Super Mario</i> Video game series

    Super Mario is a platform game series created by Nintendo starring their mascot, Mario. It is the central series of the greater Mario franchise. At least one Super Mario game has been released for every major Nintendo video game console. However, there have also been a number of Super Mario video games released on non-Nintendo gaming platforms. There are more than 20 games in the series.

    <i>Mario & Luigi: Bowsers Inside Story</i> 2009 video game

    Mario & Luigi: Bowser's Inside Story is a 2009 role-playing game developed by AlphaDream and published by Nintendo for the Nintendo DS handheld game console. It is the third game in the Mario & Luigi series, following Partners in Time (2005). It uses the interactive screens of the DS in some of its gameplay mechanics while also introducing several elements that would be used in the series' future gameplay.

    <i>Mario</i> (franchise) Multimedia franchise by Shigeru Miyamoto

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    Toad (<i>Mario</i>) Fictional character in Nintendos Mario franchise

    Toad, known in Japan as Kinopio, is a character created by Japanese video game designer Shigeru Miyamoto for Nintendo's Mario franchise. A prominent red Toad serves as one of Princess Peach's handlers and appears consistently as a supporting character in the franchise.

    <i>Paper Mario: Sticker Star</i> 2012 video game

    Paper Mario: Sticker Star is a 2012 role-playing video game developed by Intelligent Systems and published by Nintendo for the Nintendo 3DS. Following Super Paper Mario (2007), it is the fourth installment in the Paper Mario series and part of the larger Mario franchise; it is the first game in the series released on a handheld console. In the game, the protagonist Mario and a new ally named Kersti travel across the Mushroom Kingdom to retrieve the six Royal Stickers scattered by Bowser. The game was released in November 2012 in North America and December 2012 overseas.

    <i>Mario & Luigi: Dream Team</i> 2013 video game

    Mario & Luigi: Dream Team, known in Europe and Australia as Mario & Luigi: Dream Team Bros., is a 2013 role-playing video game developed by AlphaDream and published by Nintendo for the Nintendo 3DS. The successor to Mario & Luigi: Bowser's Inside Story (2009), is the fourth installment in the Mario & Luigi series, a part of the larger Mario franchise.

    <i>Mario & Luigi: Paper Jam</i> 2015 video game

    Mario & Luigi: Paper Jam, known in Europe and Australia as Mario & Luigi: Paper Jam Bros., is a 2015 role-playing video game developed by AlphaDream and published by Nintendo for the Nintendo 3DS console. It is the fifth installment in the Mario & Luigi series, following Dream Team (2013), and serves as a crossover between the Mario & Luigi and Paper Mario series, the latter being a cross-genre series developed by Intelligent Systems.

    <i>Paper Mario: Color Splash</i> 2016 video game

    Paper Mario: Color Splash is a 2016 role-playing video game developed by Intelligent Systems and published by Nintendo for the Wii U console. It is the fifth installment in the Paper Mario series, within the larger Mario franchise. The story follows Mario and his new ally Huey on a quest to save Prism Island and rescue Princess Peach from Bowser.

    Paper Mario is a video game series and part of the Mario franchise, developed by Intelligent Systems and published by Nintendo. It combines elements from the role-playing, action-adventure, and puzzle genres. Players control a paper cutout version of Mario, usually with allies, on a quest to defeat the antagonist. The series consists of six games and one spin-off; the first, Paper Mario (2000), was released for the Nintendo 64, and the most recent, a 2024 remake of 2004's Paper Mario: The Thousand-Year Door, for the Nintendo Switch.

    <i>Mario & Luigi: Brothership</i> 2024 video game

    Mario & Luigi: Brothership is a 2024 role-playing video game developed by Acquire and published by Nintendo for the Nintendo Switch. It is the sixth main installment in the Mario & Luigi series, following Mario & Luigi: Paper Jam (2015). Following the appearance of a mysterious portal, Mario and Luigi, alongside other residents of the Mushroom Kingdom, find themselves transported to the world of Concordia, where they find themselves working to reunite the land after a dark force, Glohm, seeks to separate and isolate its inhabitants in solitude. In the game, players control the brothers to explore Concordia, solve puzzles and complete quests, while engaging enemies they encounter in turn-based combat.

    References

    1. ↑ rawmeatcowboy (June 18, 2024). "Mario & Luigi: Brothership heads to Switch Nov. 7th, 2024". GoNintendo. Archived from the original on June 18, 2024. Retrieved June 18, 2024.
    2. ↑ Nintendo of America (June 18, 2024). Mario & Luigi: Brothership – Announcement Trailer – Nintendo Switch. Archived from the original on June 18, 2024. Retrieved June 18, 2024– via YouTube.
    3. 1 2 Otero, Jose (August 13, 2013). "Where Mario & Luigi: Dream Team and Super Mario RPG Collide". IGN . Archived from the original on March 11, 2021. Retrieved April 26, 2021.
    4. ↑ Judge, Alysia (October 2, 2019). "Mario & Luigi RPG Series Creator, AlphaDream, Files For Bankruptcy". IGN . Archived from the original on February 6, 2021. Retrieved April 26, 2021.
    5. ↑ Ashcraft, Brian (October 2, 2019). "Mario & Luigi RPG Developer AlphaDream Has Gone Bankrupt". Kotaku . Archived from the original on April 9, 2020. Retrieved April 26, 2021.
    6. ↑ "『マリオ＆ルイージRPG』シリーズなどの開発会社アルファドリームの破産手続き開始が決定 直近では『けだまのゴンじろー フィットエンドラン』の開発も | gamebiz". Gamebiz【ゲームビズ】. Archived from the original on January 26, 2022. Retrieved January 26, 2022.
    7. ↑ Eric Topf (May 19, 2005). "Mario & Luigi 2". DS Kombo.com. Archived from the original on February 8, 2009. Retrieved June 25, 2008.
    8. ↑ Chris Playo (October 25, 2005). "Partners in Time: New fact sheet". DS Kombo.com. Archived from the original on February 8, 2009. Retrieved June 25, 2008.
    9. ↑ Chris Playo (October 19, 2005). "Partners in Time: Rumble Compatible". DS Kombo.com. Archived from the original on February 8, 2009. Retrieved June 25, 2008.
    10. ↑ "Mario & Luigi: partners in Time info". GameFAQs. Archived from the original on December 19, 2008. Retrieved June 25, 2008.
    11. ↑ "Nintendo Reveals Punch-Out!! Wii, Sin and Punishment 2, and More". 1UP.com. Archived from the original on March 8, 2016.
    12. 1 2 Khaw, Cassandra (August 6, 2013). "USGamer Interviews the Developers of Mario & Luigi : Dream Team". USGamer . Archived from the original on September 14, 2019. Retrieved April 27, 2021.
    13. ↑ Sahdev, Ishaan (July 3, 2013). "Why Mario and Luigi: Dream Team Took So Long To Develop". Siliconera . Archived from the original on April 27, 2021. Retrieved April 27, 2021.
    14. ↑ Webster, Andrew (February 12, 2016). "How Super Mario became an unlikely RPG star". The Verge . Archived from the original on November 8, 2020. Retrieved April 26, 2021.
    15. ↑ Hilliard, Kyle (January 14, 2019). "AlphaDream On Remaking Bowser's Inside Story And How Mario & Luigi Could Possibly Fit Inside Of Bowser". Game Informer . Archived from the original on January 15, 2019. Retrieved August 17, 2021.
    16. 1 2 Craddock, Ryan (October 2, 2019). "Mario & Luigi RPG Dev AlphaDream Files For Bankruptcy". IGN . Archived from the original on August 17, 2021. Retrieved August 17, 2021.
    17. ↑ Doolan, Liam (July 8, 2018). "Mario & Luigi Developer AlphaDream Recruiting Graphic Designers For Switch And Smartphone Projects". Nintendo Life . Archived from the original on November 24, 2020. Retrieved April 26, 2021.
    18. 1 2 Liam, Doolan (February 20, 2019). "Mario & Luigi Developer AlphaDream Seeking Production Assistant". Nintendo Life . Archived from the original on November 30, 2020. Retrieved April 26, 2021.
    19. ↑ Doolan, Liam (January 12, 2020). "New Trademark Suggests The Mario & Luigi Series Is Making A Comeback". Nintendo Life . Archived from the original on February 26, 2021. Retrieved August 18, 2021.
    20. ↑ Purslow, Matt (February 14, 2020). "New Mario & Luigi Trademark Filed By Nintendo Despite Series' Studio Closure". IGN . Archived from the original on November 23, 2021. Retrieved August 18, 2021.
    21. ↑ Gera, Emily (January 12, 2020). "Nintendo has filed a new trademark application for Mario & Luigi series". VG247 . Archived from the original on July 4, 2021. Retrieved August 18, 2021.
    22. ↑ Wong, Alistair (January 13, 2020). "Nintendo Files New Trademark for Mario & Luigi Series in Argentina". Siliconera . Archived from the original on August 18, 2021. Retrieved August 18, 2021.
    23. ↑ Bankhurst, Adam (June 18, 2024). "Nintendo Direct June 2024: Everything Announced". IGN . Archived from the original on June 18, 2024. Retrieved June 18, 2024.
    24. ↑ Blake, Vikki (June 22, 2024). "Nintendo won't confirm studio behind Mario & Luigi: Brothership, but says "original devs" are involved". Eurogamer.net. Archived from the original on June 24, 2024. Retrieved June 24, 2024.
    25. ↑ Reynolds, Ollie (October 21, 2024). "Mario & Luigi: Brothership Developer Has Supposedly Been Revealed". Nintendo Life. Retrieved October 22, 2024.
    26. ↑ "Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga". Metacritic. Archived from the original on December 11, 2010. Retrieved April 7, 2011.
    27. ↑ "Metacritic score of Mario & Luigi: Partners in Time". Metacritic. Archived from the original on May 31, 2010. Retrieved January 29, 2021.
    28. ↑ "Mario & Luigi: Bowser's Inside Story". Metacritic. Archived from the original on May 4, 2010. Retrieved November 15, 2012.
    29. ↑ "Mario & Luigi: Dream Team". Metacritic. Archived from the original on November 27, 2019. Retrieved July 14, 2012.
    30. ↑ "Mario & Luigi: Paper Jam". Metacritic . Archived from the original on November 30, 2015. Retrieved November 30, 2015.
    31. ↑ "Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga + Bowser's Minions". Metacritic. Archived from the original on September 21, 2020. Retrieved September 1, 2020.
    32. ↑ "Mario & Luigi: Bowser's Inside Story + Bowser Jr.'s Journey". Metacritic. Archived from the original on July 13, 2020. Retrieved September 2, 2020.
    33. ↑ Metacritic & Luigi: Brothership Reviews https://www.metacritic.com/game/mario-and-luigi-brothership/title=Mario & Luigi: Brothership Reviews . Retrieved November 4, 2024.{{cite web}}: Check |url= value (help); Missing or empty |title= (help)
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