You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in Chinese. (March 2023)Click [show] for important translation instructions.
|
中华人民共和国教育部 Zhōnghuá Rénmín Gònghéguó Jiàoyùbù | |
Ministry of Education headquarters in the Xicheng District of Beijing | |
Agency overview | |
---|---|
Formed | October 1949 |
Preceding agencies |
|
Type | Constituent Department of the State Council (cabinet-level executive department) |
Jurisdiction | Government of China |
Headquarters | Beijing |
Annual budget | CN¥5.3 trillion (2020) [1] |
Agency executive |
|
Parent agency | State Council |
Child agencies | |
Website | moe.gov.cn en.moe.gov.cn |
The Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China is a the fourth-ranked executive department of the State Council of the People's Republic of China, responsible for basic education, vocational education, higher education, and other educational affairs across the country. [2]
The Ministry of Education acts as a funder for most of the national public universities and colleges in China. [3] The ministry also accredits tertiary institutions, curriculum, and school teachers. [2] It is headquartered in Xicheng, Beijing. [4]
The Ministry of Education was one of the first Government Administration Council departments created when the People's Republic of China was founded in October 1949. The work of the ministry was overseen by the Culture and Education Commission that was created at the same time. On October 19, writer and poet Guo Moruo was made the director of the commission, and linguist Ma Xulun was made the first education minister of the People's Republic of China. [5]
The Ministry of Education was established in 1949 as the Ministry of Education of the Central People's Government, and was renamed the State Education Commission of the People's Republic of China from 1985 to 1998. Its current title was assigned during the restructuring of the State Council in 1998.
In 2003, China's Ministry of Education called for adding environmental education content throughout the public school curriculum from the first year of primary school through the second year of high school. [6] : 138 Its guidelines on environmental education emphasized firsthand experience and recommended that a quarter of environmental education content should consist of "practice activities." [6] : 138
In 1952, the Ministry of Education sought to develop a system of political counselors as a pilot program in universities. [7] : 107 Tsinghua University established a political counselor program in 1953, becoming the first university to do so. [7] : 107 In this program, new graduates who were also Communist Party members worked as political counselors in managing the student body and student organizations, often simultaneously serving as Communist Youth League secretaries. [7] : 107
The program was interrupted by the Cultural Revolution but resumed in 1977. [7] : 108 After its endorsement by Deng Xiaoping, the program expanded across higher educational institutions. [7] : 108
Beginning in the 1990s, the political counselor system was further institutionalized and expanded in higher educational institutions throughout China, with the Ministry issuing standardized rules such as term limits and age limits in 2000. [7] : 108
No. | Name | Took office | Left office |
---|---|---|---|
Education Minister of the Central People's Government | |||
1 | Ma Xulun | October 1949 | November 1952 |
Education Minister | |||
2 | Zhang Xiruo | November 1952 | February 1958 |
3 | Yang Xiufeng | February 1958 | February 1964 |
4 | Liu Jiping | February 1964 | October 1964 |
5 | He Wei | October 1964 | June 1966 |
Vacant during the Cultural Revolution | |||
6 | Zhou Rongxin | January 1975 | April 1976 |
7 | Liu Xiyao | January 1977 | February 1979 |
8 | Jiang Nanxiang | February 1979 | May 1982 |
9 | He Dongchang | May 1982 | June 1985 |
Chairman of State Education Commission | |||
10 | Li Peng | June 1985 | April 1988 |
11 | Li Tieying | April 1988 | March 1993 |
12 | Zhu Kaixuan | March 1993 | March 1998 |
Education Minister | |||
13 | Chen Zhili | March 1998 | March 2003 |
14 | Zhou Ji | March 2003 | November 2009 |
15 | Yuan Guiren | November 2009 | July 2016 |
16 | Chen Baosheng | July 2016 | August 2021 |
17 | Huai Jinpeng | August 2021 | Incumbent |
Project 211 was an abolished project of developing comprehensive universities and colleges initiated in 1995 by the former State Education Commission of China, with the intent of raising the research standards of comprehensive universities and cultivating strategies for socio-economic development. The name for the project comes from an abbreviation of the slogan "In preparation for the 21st century, successfully managing 100 universities" (面向21世纪,办好100所高校). One hundred was the approximate number of participating universities.
National Key Universities previously referred to universities recognized as prestigious and which received a high level of support from the central government of the People's Republic of China. The term is no longer in official use by 1990s. The term "zhòngdiǎn" 重点, translated here as "key," in this phrase can also be translated as "major," "priority," or "focal." The term "National Key Universities" then became defunct, and these schools are now normally referred to as "Double First Class Universities“, based on the China state Double First Class University Plan. However, it remains part of the vernacular, as evidenced by some Chinese media articles which still refer to "National Key Universities".
Project 985 was a terminated project that was first announced by General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party Jiang Zemin at the 100th anniversary of Peking University on May 4, 1998, to promote the development and reputation of the Chinese higher education system by founding world-class universities in the 21st century. The name derives from the date of the announcement, May 1998, or 98/5 according to the Chinese date format. The project involves both national and local governments allocating large amounts of funding to certain universities in order to build new research centers, improve facilities, hold international conferences, attract world-renowned faculty and visiting scholars, and help Chinese faculty attend conferences abroad.
Huazhong Agricultural University is a public university in Wuhan, giving priority to agriculture, characterized by life sciences and supplemented by the combination of agriculture, basic sciences, engineering, liberal arts, law, economic trade, and management. HAU, one of the first groups of universities in China which are authorized to confer Ph.D. and M.A. degrees, has produced the new China's first doctor majoring in agronomy. Firmly adhering to the two central tasks like teaching and scientific research, HAU maintains its management by levels and flexible forms. As far as education quality and academic level, HAU ranks first among the agricultural universities in China. In addition, it has been converted into a nationally important base for training senior special agricultural personnel and developing agricultural science and technology. It is a Chinese state Double First Class University Plan university, identified by the Ministry of Education.
A Bachelor of Science in Agriculture (BSAg) or a Bachelor of Agriculture (BAg) is an undergraduate academic degree awarded by tertiary faculty of agriculture. The program is typically four years of study at postsecondary level.
Higher education in China is the largest in the world. By the end of 2021, there were over 3,000 colleges and universities, with over 44.3 million students enrolled in mainland China and 240 million Chinese citizens having received high education. The system includes Bachelors, Masters and Doctoral degrees, as well as non-degree programs, and is also open to foreign students.
Ningbo University is located in Jiangbei District, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China. It is a provincially governed key university in Zhejiang Province. It is a Chinese state Double First Class University Plan university, identified by the Ministry of Education.
The National University of Defense Technology is a national public research university in Changsha, Hunan, China. With the predecessor founded in 1953 as the People's Liberation Army Military Academy of Engineering (中国人民解放军军事工程学院) in Harbin, the institution was officially established in 1978 in Changsha by Deng Xiaoping and is now directly affiliated with the Central Military Commission.
Weifang University is a provincial public undergraduate and tertiary vocational college in Weifang, Shandong, China. Despite its self-designated English name, the institute has not been granted university status by the authorities but college status instead.
Teng County or Tengxian is a county of eastern Guangxi, China. It is under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Wuzhou. As of 2021, it had a population of 1,125,264 residing in an area of 3,945.62 km2 (1,523.41 sq mi). The county is divided into a northern and southern part by the Xun River.
China Quality Course is a program launched by the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China since April 8, 2003.
Hao Ping is a Chinese historian and academic administrator who has served as the party secretary of Peking University since June 2022. He served as president of Peking University from 2018 to 2022, Chinese vice minister of education from 2009 to 2016, and president of Beijing Foreign Studies University from 2005 to 2009.
Zhejiang Wanli University, formerly the Ningbo Branch of Zhejiang Agricultural University, is a private college in Ningbo, Zhejiang, China. The college is operated by the Zhejiang Wanli Education Group Company.
The World First Class UniversityandFirst Class Academic Discipline Construction, together known as Double First Class, is a tertiary education development initiative designed by the People's Republic of China central government in 2015, which aims to comprehensively develop elite Chinese universities into world-class institutions by the end of 2050 through developing and strengthening their individual faculty departments. The Double First-Class University Plan has made new arrangements for the Chinese higher education institution development. The universities included in this plan are called Double First Class Universities.
Self-Taught Higher Education Examinations (STHEE) is a test for graduation of higher education and bachelor's degree in China. STHEE allows students to finish studies through self-study without going to school. It is practiced by National Education Examinations Authority (NEEA) of China. NEEA is an agency of the Chinese Ministry of Education.
School district houses are houses within a school district in China that allow students free admission to the nearest school. Students who take advantage of school district houses can enter the nearest school without exams.
Compulsory education in the People's Republic of China details the mandatory implementation of education within the actual jurisdiction of the People's Republic of China.