Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China

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Ministry of Education of
the People's Republic of China
中华人民共和国教育部
Zhōnghuá Rénmín Gònghéguó Jiàoyùbù
Education China.png
Logo of the Ministry
Ministry of Education of China (20221020141115).jpg
Ministry of Education headquarters in
the Xicheng District of Beijing
Agency overview
FormedOctober 1949;73 years ago (1949-10)
Preceding agencies
  • Ministry of Education of the Central People's Government (1949–1985)
  • State Education Commission (1985–1998)
Type Constituent Department of the State Council (cabinet-level executive department)
Jurisdiction Government of China
Headquarters Beijing
Annual budgetCN¥5.3 trillion (2020) [1]
Agency executive
Parent agency State Council
Child agencies
Website moe.gov.cn
en.moe.gov.cn

The Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China is a the fourth-ranked executive department of the State Council of the People's Republic of China, responsible for basic education, vocational education, higher education, and other educational affairs across the country. [2]

Contents

The Ministry of Education acts as a funder for most of the national public universities and colleges in China. [3] The ministry also accredits tertiary institutions, curriculum, and school teachers. [2] It is headquartered in Xicheng, Beijing. [4]

History

The Ministry of Education was one of the first Government Administration Council departments created when the People's Republic of China was founded in October 1949. The work of the ministry was overseen by the Culture and Education Commission that was created at the same time. On October 19, writer and poet Guo Moruo was made the director of the commission, and linguist Ma Xulun was made the first education minister of the People's Republic of China. [5]

The Ministry of Education was established in 1949 as the Ministry of Education of the Central People's Government, and was renamed the State Education Commission of the People's Republic of China from 1985 to 1998. Its current title was assigned during the restructuring of the State Council in 1998.

In 2003, China's Ministry of Education called for adding environmental education content throughout the public school curriculum from the first year of primary school through the second year of high school. [6] :138 Its guidelines on environmental education emphasized firsthand experience and recommended that a quarter of environmental education content should consist of "practice activities." [6] :138

Development of the political counselor system

In 1952, the Ministry of Education sought to develop a system of political counselors as a pilot program in universities. [7] :107 Tsinghua University established a political counselor program in 1953, becoming the first university to do so. [7] :107 In this program, new graduates who were also Communist Party members worked as political counselors in managing the student body and student organizations, often simultaneously serving as Communist Youth League secretaries. [7] :107

The program was interrupted by the Cultural Revolution but resumed in 1977. [7] :108 After its endorsement by Deng Xiaoping, the program expanded across higher educational institutions. [7] :108

Beginning in the 1990s, the political counselor system was further institutionalized and expanded in higher educational institutions throughout China, with the Ministry issuing standardized rules such as term limits and age limits in 2000. [7] :108

List of Education Ministers

No.NameTook officeLeft office
Education Minister of the Central People's Government
1 Ma Xulun October 1949November 1952
Education Minister
2 Zhang Xiruo November 1952February 1958
3 Yang Xiufeng February 1958February 1964
4 Liu Jiping February 1964October 1964
5 He Wei October 1964June 1966
Vacant during the Cultural Revolution
6 Zhou Rongxin January 1975April 1976
7 Liu Xiyao January 1977February 1979
8 Jiang Nanxiang February 1979May 1982
9 He Dongchang May 1982June 1985
Chairman of State Education Commission
10 Li Peng June 1985April 1988
11 Li Tieying April 1988March 1993
12 Zhu Kaixuan March 1993March 1998
Education Minister
13 Chen Zhili March 1998March 2003
14 Zhou Ji March 2003November 2009
15 Yuan Guiren November 2009July 2016
16 Chen Baosheng July 2016August 2021
17 Huai Jinpeng August 2021Incumbent

See also

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References

  1. "China spends over 5.3 trillion yuan on education in 2020_china.org.cn". Archived from the original on June 10, 2021. Retrieved June 10, 2021.
  2. 1 2 "教育部主要职责 - 中华人民共和国教育部政府门户网站". Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China. Archived from the original on May 29, 2022. Retrieved May 29, 2022.
  3. "教育部直属高等学校 - 中华人民共和国教育部政府门户网站". Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China. Archived from the original on June 11, 2022. Retrieved May 29, 2022.
  4. English home page Archived January 3, 2016, at the Wayback Machine . Ministry of Education (China). Retrieved on December 29, 2015. "Address: No.37 Damucang Hutong, Xidan, Beijing, P.R.C " - Chinese address Archived May 7, 2015, at the Wayback Machine : "地址:北京市西单大木仓胡同37号 邮编:100816" - As of May 21, 2022 the address is the same Archived June 14, 2022, at the Wayback Machine
  5. Yang, Ming; Ni, Hao (2018). Educational Governance in China. Singapore: Springer.
  6. 1 2 Efird, Rob (2020). "Nature for Nurture in Urban Chinese Childrearing". In Esarey, Ashley; Haddad, Mary Alice; Lewis, Joanna I.; Harrell, Stevan (eds.). Greening East Asia: The Rise of the Eco-Developmental State. Seattle: University of Washington Press. ISBN   978-0-295-74791-0. JSTOR   j.ctv19rs1b2.
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Doyon, Jérôme (2023). Rejuvenating Communism: Youth Organizations and Elite Renewal in Post-Mao China. University of Michigan Press. doi: 10.3998/mpub.12291596 . ISBN   978-0-472-90294-1.