The year 771 (DCCLXXI) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar. The denomination 771 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.
Giles of Rome O.S.A. was a medieval philosopher and Scholastic theologian and a friar of the Order of St Augustine, who was also appointed to the positions of prior general of his order and as Archbishop of Bourges. He is famed as being a logician, who produced a commentary on the Organon by Aristotle, and as the author of two important work: De Ecclesiastica Potestate, a major text of early-14th-century papalism, and De regimine principum, a guide book for Christian temporal leadership. Giles was styled Doctor Fundatissimus by Pope Benedict XIV.
Vincent of Beauvais was a Dominican friar at the Cistercian monastery of Royaumont Abbey, France. He is known mostly for his Speculum Maius, a major work of compilation that was widely read in the Middle Ages. Often retroactively described as an encyclopedia or as a florilegium, his text exists as a core example of brief compendiums produced in medieval Europe.
Abū Muhammad ʿAbd Allāh Rūzbih ibn Dādūya, born Rōzbih pūr-i Dādōē, more commonly known as Ibn al-Muqaffaʿ, was a Persian translator, philosopher, author and thinker who wrote in the Arabic language.
Tasciovanus was a historical king of the Catuvellauni tribe before the Roman conquest of Britain.
The Secretum Secretorum or Secreta Secretorum, also known as the Sirr al-Asrar, is a treatise which purports to be a letter from Aristotle to his student Alexander the Great on an encyclopedic range of topics, including statecraft, ethics, physiognomy, astrology, alchemy, magic, and medicine. The earliest extant editions claim to be based on a 9th-century Arabic translation of a Syriac translation of the lost Greek original. It is a pseudo-Aristotelian work. Modern scholarship finds it likely to have been written in the 10th century in Arabic. Translated into Latin in the mid-12th century, it was influential among European intellectuals during the High Middle Ages.
The Teaching for King Merykara, alt. Instruction Addressed to King Merikare, is a literary composition in Middle Egyptian, the classical phase of the Egyptian language, probably of Middle Kingdom date.
The Liber universalis is a work of Gottfried von Viterbo. In this study which is completed in 1185, he chronicles world history from the creation of the world to the time of Heinrich VI. The liber was written around 1185 and is an extended version of the previous Memoria seculorum by the same author which again builds on the Speculum regum dated to around 1185. It is subdivided into 20 particulae, the last of which is the so-called Gesta Friderici' first dedicated to Heinrich VI but ultimately to Pope Gregory VIII. The famous prosimetrum Pantheon builds upon the liber universalis and exists in 3 editions (1187,1188,1191). The Pantheon manuscript enjoyed a wide distribution in the Late Middle Ages.
This article presents lists of the literary events and publications in the 12th century.
William Perault,, also spelled Perauld; Latinized Peraldus or Peraltus, was a Dominican writer and preacher.
Helinand of Froidmont was a medieval poet, chronicler, and ecclesiastical writer.
Lechites, also known as the Lechitic tribes, is a name given to certain West Slavic tribes who inhabited modern-day Poland and eastern Germany, and were speakers of the Lechitic languages. Distinct from the Czech–Slovak subgroup, they are the closest ancestors of ethnic Poles and of Pomeranians, Lusatians and Polabians.
Jonas was Bishop of Orléans and played a major political role during the reign of Emperor Louis the Pious.
The medieval genre of speculum literature, popular from the twelfth through the sixteenth centuries, was inspired by the urge to encompass encyclopedic knowledge within a single work. However, some of these works have a restricted scope and function as instructional manuals. In this sense, the encyclopedia and the speculum are similar but they are not the same genre.
The Chronica latina regum Castellae, known in Spanish as the Crónica latina de los reyes de Castilla, both meaning "Latin Chronicle of the Kings of Castile", is a medieval Latin history of the rulers of Castile from the death of Count Fernán González in 970 to the reconquest of Córdoba by King Ferdinand III in 1236–39. It was probably composed by Juan de Soria, the Bishop of Osma and chancellor of Ferdinand III, between 1217 and 1239. The majority of the text deals with the reigns of Alfonso VIII (1158–1214) and Ferdinand III (1217–1252). It was designed with two purposes: for use at the royal court as a speculum principis and to defend the interests of Castile against those of the Kingdom of León.
ʻAfīf al-Dīn ʻAlī ibn ʻAdlān al-Mawsilī, born in Mosul, was an Arab cryptologist, linguist and poet who is known for his early contributions to cryptanalysis, to which he dedicated at least two books. He was also involved in literature and poetry, and taught on the Arabic language at the Al-Salihiyya Mosque of Cairo.
The Talbot Shrewsbury Book is a very large richly-illuminated manuscript made in Rouen (Normandy) in 1444/5. It was presented by John Talbot, 1st Earl of Shrewsbury to the French princess, Margaret of Anjou, in honour of her betrothal to King Henry VI. It contains a unique collection of fifteen texts in French, including chansons de geste, chivalric romances, treatises on warfare and chivalry, and finally the Statutes of the Order of the Garter. The work is an excellent example of book production in Rouen in the mid-fifteenth century and provides a rare insight into the political views of the English military leader and close confidant of the crown, John Talbot.
The Admonitions is a mirror for princes—a literary work summarizing the principles of government—completed in the 1010s or 1020s for King Stephen I of Hungary's son and heir, Emeric. About a century later, Bishop Hartvik claimed that Stephen I himself wrote the small book. Modern scholarship has concluded that a foreign cleric who was proficient in rhymed Latin prose compiled the text. The cleric has been associated with a Saxon monk, Thangmar; with the Venetian Bishop Gerard of Csanád; and with Archbishop Astrik of Esztergom.
Guibert of Tournai was a French Franciscan friar, known for his sermons and other writings.
Henri de Gauchy was a French magister and canon of Saint-Martin de Liège in the late 13th century.
