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The National Transitional Council of Chad (French: Conseil national de transition, CNT) was the de facto government of Chad from 2022 to 2024. The CNT replaced the Transitional Military Council and the dissolved National Assembly. [1] [2] It acts as an interim parliament for the country in its transition to democracy, tasked with preparations for elections in 2024. [3] [4] It was led by the Prime Minister of Chad. [5]
Under the Transitional Military Council (CMT), military authorities seized power in Chad following the death of President Idriss Déby in April 2021 and were led by Déby's son, Mahamat Déby. Initially, the council promised a period of 18-months before holding elections in October 2022. [6] However, a new plan approved on 1 October 2022 following dialogue in August and September, extended the transition another two years until elections in October 2024. [7] The CMT was then dissolved on 10 October and replaced by the CNT headed by members appointed by Déby, the then-Transitional President of Chad. [6]
The CNT acted as Chad's parliament. Following a national reconciliation dialogue in early October 2022 that recommended Déby's number of deputies in the CNT, Déby increased it from 93 to 197 on 7 November. The move aimed to integrate a larger variety of members from different political parties, civil society organizations, and rebel groups that joined the national dialogue. [2]
On 27 June 2023, 96% of all members of the CMT voted in favour of a new draft constitution. [8] The new constitution was put forward to Chadian voters as a referendum on 17 December 2023 and passed with 85.9% of the vote. [9]
On 1 January 2024, former opposition leader Succès Masra was appointed as Prime Minister of Chad. Masra was previously in exile, but returned following reconciliation with the government in November. [10] Mahamat Ahmad Alhab, the Secretary-General of the Presidency, said Masra premiership would continue until the 2024 parliamentary elections. [11]
The politics of Chad take place in a framework of a presidential republic, whereby the President of Chad is both head of state and head of government. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and parliament. Chad is one of the most corrupt countries in the world.
Saleh Kebzabo is a Chadian politician. He is the President of the National Union for Democracy and Renewal (UNDR) and a Deputy in the National Assembly of Chad. He was designated Prime Minister by president Mahamat Déby on 12 October 2022.
Presidential elections were held in Chad on 3 May 2006. A referendum in 2005 had led to changes to the constitution that made it possible for President Idriss Déby to run for a third term; having come to power in December 1990, he had previously won elections in 1996 and 2001. Despite a serious rebellion based in the east of the country, the elections were held on schedule; Déby was re-elected with about 65% of the vote, according to official results. The main opposition parties boycotted the election.
Albert Pahimi Padacké is a Chadian politician who was Prime Minister of Chad from 26 April 2021 to 12 October 2022. He was also Prime Minister from 2016 to 2018, when he resigned and was not replaced.
Mahamat Idriss Déby Itno is a Chadian politician and military officer who has been the leader of Chad since 2021, first as President of the Transitional Military Council from 2021 to 2022, then as Transitional President from 2022 to 2024, and then as the 7th President since 2024 following his victory in the presidential elections. He is widely known in Chad by his nickname Kaka. He is also the General Secretary of the Patriotic Salvation Movement since 2022. He gained power on 20 April 2021, succeeding his father and predecessor, Idriss Déby, who died in action while commanding troops in the Northern Chad offensive. He previously served as the second in-command of the military for the Chadian Intervention in Northern Mali (FATIM).
The Front for Change and Concord in Chad, or FACT, is a political and military organisation created by SG Mahamat Mahdi Ali in March 2016 in Tanua, in the north of Chad, with the goal of overthrowing the government of Chad. It is a splinter group of the Union of Forces for Democracy and Development (UFDD). Ali declared his preparation for military operations against President Idriss Déby. The group was responsible for the death of Déby in April 2021, when he was killed while commanding troops on the frontline fighting the militants.
The Northern Chad offensive was a military offensive in Northern Chad, initiated by the Chadian rebel group Front for Change and Concord in Chad (FACT), took place from 11 April to 9 May 2021. It began in the Tibesti Region in the north of the country following the 2021 Chadian presidential election.
The Transitional Military Council was a military junta that ruled Chad from 2021 to 2022. It announced the death of former President Idriss Déby on 20 April 2021, and declared that it would take charge of the government of Chad and continue hostilities against FACT rebels in the north of the country. It was chaired by Mahamat Idriss Déby, the son of the late President, making him the de facto President of Chad. It was dissolved on 10 October 2022, following a "national dialogue" that named Déby Transitional President and replaced the CMT with a transitional administration appointed by him.
In 2016, the Front for Change and Concord in Chad (FACT) and the Military Command Council for the Salvation of the Republic (CCMSR) began a rebellion against the Chadian government. From their rear bases in southern Libya, FACT and CCMSR have launched offensives and raids into Northern Chad seeking to overthrow the government of former president Idriss Déby, who had been in power since a December 1990 coup. Other rebel groups are also involved in the insurgency, though to a lesser extent.
The Constitution of the Republic of Chad is the supreme law of Chad. Chad's eighth constitution since independence from France in 1960, it was adopted on 4 May 2018.
Presidential elections were held in Chad on 6 May 2024. The elections followed a constitutional referendum held on 17 December 2023, following the death of President Idriss Déby in 2021. Incumbent transitional president Mahamat Déby, the son of Idriss Déby, ran as the candidate of the Patriotic Salvation Movement, winning the election and leading to another extension of 34 years of rule by the Déby family.
Dahabaya Oumar Souni is a Chadian journalist and media advisor to the President of the Transitional Military Council of Chad. She is the third wife of Mahamat Déby, the President of Chad since the death of Idriss Déby on 19 April 2021, and the First Lady of Chad since 2021.
Events in the year 2022 in Chad.
Events in the year 2023 in Chad.
In October 2022, protests broke out across Chad after President Mahamat Déby declared his intentions to extend his rule by another two years instead of stepping down like he intended to when he took power. The protests were some of the most violent in the country's history, with hundreds of protesters being killed and thousands detained, injured, or arrested.
A constitutional referendum in Chad was held on 17 December 2023 on a new constitution formulated following the death of President Idriss Déby in 2021. The draft had been approved by the National Transitional Council on 27 June 2023. Provisional results were announced on 24 December 2023, and they were validated by the Supreme Court of Chad on 28 December 2023.
Succès Masra is a Chadian economist and politician who served as the Prime Minister of Chad from 1 January to 22 May 2024. Having formerly worked for the African Development Bank, in 2018 he founded Les Transformateurs, a political party that became part of the opposition against former president Idriss Déby, and following Déby's death in 2021, the Transitional Military Council.
Events in the year 2024 in Chad.
The Les Transformateurs is a political party in Chad. It was part of the opposition to the Chadian President Idriss Déby, and the Transitional Military Council that succeeded him after his death in 2021.
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