Oliver Hazard Perry-class frigate

Last updated

Oliver Hazard Perry-class frigates underway in 1982.JPEG
The frigates Oliver Hazard Perry, Antrim, and Jack Williams in 1982
Class overview
NameOliver Hazard Perry class
Builders
Operators
Preceded by Brooke class
Succeeded by Constellation class
Subclasses
CostUS$122 million
Built1975–2004
In commission1977–present
Planned71
Completed71
Active
  • 8 (Turkey)
  • 4 (Egypt)
  • 2 (Poland)
  • 1 (Pakistan)
  • 6 (Spain)
  • 10 (Taiwan)
  • 1 (Bahrain)
  • 2 (Chile)
Laid up8
Retired45
General characteristics
Type Guided-missile frigate
Displacement4,100 long tons (4,200 t) full load
Length
  • 408 ft (124 m) waterline,
  • 445 ft (136 m) overall,
  • 453 ft (138 m) for "long-hull" frigates
Beam45 ft (14 m)
Draft22 ft (6.7 m)
Propulsion
Speed30 knots (56 km/h; 35 mph)
Range4,500 nmi (8,300 km; 5,200 mi) at 20 knots (37 km/h; 23 mph)
Complement176
Sensors and
processing systems
Electronic warfare
& decoys
Armament
Aircraft carried2 × LAMPS multi-purpose helicopters (the SH-2 Seasprite LAMPS I on the short-hulled ships or the SH-60 Seahawk LAMPS III on the long-hulled ships)

The Oliver Hazard Perry class is a class of guided-missile frigates named after U.S. Commodore Oliver Hazard Perry, a commander noted for his role in the Battle of Lake Erie. Also known as the Perry or FFG-7 (commonly "fig seven") class, the warships were designed in the United States in the mid-1970s as general-purpose escort vessels inexpensive enough to be bought in large numbers to replace World War II-era destroyers and complement 1960s-era Knox-class frigates. [1]

Contents

In Admiral Elmo Zumwalt's "high low fleet plan", the FFG-7s were the low-capability ships, with the Spruance-class destroyers serving as the high-capability ships. Intended to protect amphibious landing forces, supply and replenishment groups, and merchant convoys from aircraft and submarines, they were also later part of battleship-centered surface action groups and aircraft carrier battle groups/strike groups. [1] 55 ships were built in the United States: 51 for the United States Navy and four for the Royal Australian Navy (RAN). Eight were built in Taiwan, six in Spain, and two in Australia for their navies. Former U.S. Navy warships of this class have been sold or donated to the navies of Bahrain, Egypt, Poland, Pakistan, Taiwan, and Turkey.

The first of the 51 U.S. Navy-built Oliver Hazard Perry frigates entered into service in 1977, and the last remaining in active service, USS Simpson, was decommissioned on 29 September 2015. [2] The retired vessels were mostly mothballed with some transferred to other navies for continued service and some used as weapons targets and sunk. Some of the U.S. Navy's frigates, such as USS Duncan (14.6 years in service), had fairly short careers, while a few lasted as long as 30+ years in active U.S. service, with some lasting even longer after being sold or donated to other navies. [3] [4] In 2020, the Navy announced the new Constellation class as their latest class of frigates.

Design and construction

Outboard profile of the "long-hull" design. Oliver Hazard Perry-class frigate (long hull) outboard profile.jpg
Outboard profile of the "long-hull" design.

The ships were designed by the Bath Iron Works shipyard in Maine in partnership with the New York-based naval architects Gibbs & Cox. The design process was notable as the initial design was accomplished with the help of computers in 18 hours by Raye Montague, a civilian U.S. Navy naval engineer, making it the first ship designed by computer. [5]

The Oliver Hazard Perry-class ships were produced in 445-foot (136 m) long "short-hull" (Flight I) and 453-foot (138 m) long "long-hull" (Flight III) variants. The long-hull ships (FFG 8, 28, 29, 32, 33, and 36–61) carry the larger SH-60 Seahawk LAMPS III helicopters, while the short-hulled warships carry the smaller and less-capable SH-2 Seasprite LAMPS I. Aside from the lengths of their hulls, the principal difference between the versions is the location of the aft capstan: on long-hull ships, it sits a step below the level of the flight deck to provide clearance for the tail rotor of the longer Seahawk helicopters. [6]

The long-hull ships carry the RAST (Recovery Assist Securing and Traversing) system (also known as a Beartrap (hauldown device)) for the Seahawk. It is a hook, cable, and winch system that can reel in a Seahawk from a hovering flight, expanding the ship's pitch-and-roll range in which flight operations are permitted. The FFG 8, 29, 32, and 33 were built as "short-hull" warships but were later modified into "long-hull" warships. [6]

Oliver Hazard Perry-class frigates were the second class of surface ships (after the Spruance-class destroyers) in the U.S. Navy to be built with gas turbine propulsion. The gas turbine propulsion plant was more automated than other Navy propulsion plants at the time, and it could be centrally monitored and controlled from a remote engineering control center away from the engines. The gas turbine propulsion plants also allowed the ship's speed to be controlled directly from the bridge via a throttle control, a first for the U.S. Navy.

American shipyards constructed Oliver Hazard Perry-class ships for the U.S. Navy and the Royal Australian Navy (RAN). Early American-built Australian ships were originally built as the "short-hull" version, but they were modified during the 1980s to the "long-hull" design. Shipyards in Australia, Spain, and Taiwan have produced several warships of the "long-hull" design for their navies.

Scheme of the combat systems of the Oliver Hazard Perry-class frigate. Combat systems of the FFG-7 class.png
Scheme of the combat systems of the Oliver Hazard Perry-class frigate.

Although the per-ship costs rose greatly over the period of production, [7] all 51 ships planned for the U.S. Navy were built.

During the design phase of the Oliver Hazard Perry class, the head of the Royal Corps of Naval Constructors, R.J. Daniels, was invited by an old friend, U.S. Chief of the Bureau of Ships, Adm Robert C Gooding, to advise upon the use of variable-pitch propellers in the class. During this conversation, Daniels warned Gooding against the use of aluminium in the superstructure of the FFG-7 class as he believed it would lead to structural weaknesses. A number of ships subsequently developed structural cracks, including a 40 ft (12 m) fissure in USS Duncan, before the problems were remedied. [8]

The Oliver Hazard Perry-class frigates were designed primarily as anti-aircraft and anti-submarine warfare guided-missile warships intended to provide open-ocean escort of amphibious warfare ships and merchant ship convoys in moderate threat environments in a potential war with the Soviet Union and the Warsaw Pact countries. They could also provide air defense against 1970s- and 1980s-era aircraft and anti-ship missiles. These warships are equipped to escort and protect aircraft carrier battle groups, amphibious landing groups, underway replenishment groups, and merchant ship convoys. They can conduct independent operations to perform tasks such as surveillance of illegal drug smugglers, maritime interception operations, and exercises with other nations. [9]

The addition of the Naval Tactical Data System, LAMPS helicopters, and the Tactical Towed Array System (TACTAS) gave these warships a combat capability far beyond the original expectations. They are well suited for operations in littoral regions and most war-at-sea scenarios.

Notable combat actions

USS Stark listing to port following an air attack during the Iran-Iraq War USS Stark.jpg
USS Stark listing to port following an air attack during the Iran-Iraq War

Oliver Hazard Perry-class frigates made worldwide news during the 1980s. Despite being small, these frigates were shown to be very durable. During the Iran–Iraq War, on 17 May 1987, USS Stark was attacked by an Iraqi warplane. Struck by two Exocet anti-ship missiles, thirty-seven U.S. Navy sailors died in the deadly prelude to the American Operation Earnest Will, the reflagging and escorting of oil tankers through the Persian Gulf and the Straits of Hormuz.

Less than a year later, on 14 April 1988, USS Samuel B. Roberts was nearly sunk by an Iranian mine. There were no deaths, but ten sailors were evacuated from the warship for medical treatment. The crew of Samuel B. Roberts battled fire and flooding for two days, ultimately managing to save the ship. The U.S. Navy retaliated four days later with Operation Praying Mantis, a one-day attack on Iranian oil platforms being used as bases for raids on merchant shipping. Those had included bases for the minelaying operations that damaged Samuel B. Roberts. Stark and Roberts were each repaired in American shipyards and returned to full service. Stark was decommissioned in 1999 and scrapped in 2006. Roberts was decommissioned at Mayport on 22 May 2015. [10]

On 18 April 1988, USS Simpson was accompanying the cruiser USS Wainwright and frigate USS Bagley when they came under attack from the Iranian gunboat Joshan, which fired a U.S.-made Harpoon anti-ship missile at the ships. With Simpson having the only clear shot, the frigate fired an SM-1 standard missile, which struck Joshan. Simpson fired three more SM-1s, and with later naval fire from Wainwright, sank the Iranian vessel. [11]

Durability

On 14 July 2016, the ex-USS Thach took over 12 hours to sink after being used in a live fire, SINKEX during naval exercise RIMPAC 2016. During the exercise, the ship was directly or indirectly hit with the following ordnance: a Harpoon missile from a South Korean submarine, another Harpoon missile from the Australian frigate HMAS Ballarat, a Hellfire missile from an Australian MH-60R helicopter, another Harpoon missile and a Maverick missile from U.S. maritime patrol aircraft, another Harpoon missile from the cruiser USS Princeton, additional Hellfire missiles from a U.S. Navy MH-60S helicopter, a 900 kg (2,000 lb) Mark 84 bomb from a U.S. Navy F/A-18 Hornet, a GBU-12 Paveway laser-guided 225 kg (500 lb) bomb from a U.S. Air Force B-52 bomber, and a Mark 48 torpedo from an unnamed U.S. Navy submarine. [12] [13]

Modifications

United States

The United States Navy and Royal Australian Navy modified their remaining Perrys to reduce their operating costs, replacing Detroit Diesel 16V149TI electrical generators with Caterpillar 3512B diesel engines.

Upgrades to the Perry class were problematic due to "little reserved space for growth (39 tons in the original design), and the inflexible, proprietary electronics of the time", such that the "US Navy gave up on the idea of upgrades to face new communications realities and advanced missile threats". The U.S. Navy decommissioned 25 "FFG-7 Short" ships via "bargain basement sales to allies or outright retirement, after an average of only 18 years of service". [6]

From 2004 to 2005, the U.S. Navy removed the frigates' Mk 13 single-arm missile launchers because the primary missile, the Standard SM-1MR, had become outmoded. It would supposedly have been too costly to refit the Standard SM-1MR missiles, which had little ability to bring down sea-skimming missiles. Another reason was to allow more SM-1MRs to go to American allies that operated Perrys, such as Poland, Spain, Australia, Turkey, and Taiwan. [14] As a result, the "zone-defense" anti-aircraft warfare (AAW) capability of the U.S. Navy's Perrys had vanished, and all that remained was a "point-defense" type of anti-air warfare armament, so they relied upon cover from AEGIS destroyers and cruisers. [6]

USS Rodney M. Davis after the removal of her foredeck Mk 13 missile launcher. 080713-N-7949W-084 - USS Rodney M. Davis (FFG-60).jpg
USS Rodney M. Davis after the removal of her foredeck Mk 13 missile launcher.

The removal of the Mk 13 launchers also stripped the frigates of their Harpoon anti-ship missiles. However, their Seahawk helicopters could still carry the much shorter-range Penguin and Hellfire anti-ship missiles. The last nine ships of the class had new remotely operated 25 mm Mk 38 Mod 2 Machine Gun Systems (MGSs) installed on platforms over the old Mk 13 launcher magazine.

USS Ford with Mk 38 Mod 2 MGS. US Navy 100707-N-0641S-215 SS Ford (FFG 54) departs Joint Base Pearl Harbor-Hickam to support Rim of the Pacific (RIMPAC) 2010 exercises.jpg
USS Ford with Mk 38 Mod 2 MGS.
Oliver Hazard Perry-class frigate 76 mm 62-caliber Mk 75 anti-aircraft gun. View of the 76mm 62-caliber Mk 75 anti-aircraft gun aboard the Oliver Hazard Perry-class guided missile frigate DEWERT (FFG-45). Behind the barrel is the Separate Target Illuminatio - DPLA - 936cbf1336b76f7fc0b4727a4bb05e99.jpg
Oliver Hazard Perry-class frigate 76 mm 62-caliber Mk 75 anti-aircraft gun.

Up to 2002, the U.S. Navy updated the remaining active Oliver Hazard Perry-class warships' Phalanx CIWS to the "Block 1B" capability, which allowed the Mk 15 20 mm Phalanx gun to shoot at fast-moving surface craft and helicopters. They were also to have been fitted with the Mk 53 Decoy Launching System "Nulka" in place of the SRBOC (Super Rapid Blooming Offboard Chaff) and flares, which would have better protected the ship against anti-ship missiles. It was planned to outfit the remaining ships with a 21-cell RIM-116 Rolling Airframe Missile launcher at the location of the former Mk 13, but this did not occur. [15]

On 11 May 2009, the first International Frigate Working Group met at Mayport Naval Station to discuss maintenance, obsolescence, and logistics issues regarding Oliver Hazard Perry-class ships of the U.S. and foreign navies. [16]

On 16 June 2009, Vice Admiral Barry McCullough turned down the suggestion of then-U.S. Senator Mel Martinez (R-FL) to keep the Perrys in service, citing their worn-out and maxed-out condition. [17] However, U.S. Representative Ander Crenshaw (R-FL) and former U.S. Representative Gene Taylor (D-MS) took up the cause to retain the vessels. [18]

The Oliver Hazard Perry-class frigates were to have been eventually replaced by Littoral Combat Ships by 2019. However, the worn-out frigates were being retired faster than the LCSs were being built, which may lead to a gap in United States Southern Command mission coverage. [19] According to Navy deactivation plans, all Oliver Hazard Perry-class frigates would be retired by October 2015. Simpson was the last to be retired (on 29 September 2015), leaving the Navy devoid of frigates for the first time since 1943. The ships will either be made available for sale to foreign navies or dismantled. [20]

Perry-class frigate retirement was accelerated by budget pressures, leading to the remaining 11 ships being replaced by only eight LCS hulls. With the timeline LCS mission packages will come online unknown, there is uncertainty if they will be able to perform the frigates' counter-narcotics and anti-submarine roles when they are gone. The Navy is looking into Military Sealift Command to see if the Joint High Speed Vessel, Mobile Landing Platform, and other auxiliary ships could handle low-end missions that the frigates performed. [21]

The U.S. Coast Guard harvested weapons systems components from decommissioned Navy Perry-class frigates to save money. Harvesting components from four decommissioned frigates resulted in more than $24 million in cost savings, which increases with parts from more decommissioned frigates. Equipment including Mk 75 76 mm/62 caliber gun mounts, gun control panels, barrels, launchers, junction boxes, and other components was returned to service aboard Famous-class cutters to extend their service lives into the 2030s. [22]

In June 2017, Chief of Naval Operations Admiral John Richardson revealed the Navy was "taking a hard look" at reactivating 7-8 out of 12 mothballed Perry-class frigates to increase fleet numbers. While the move was under consideration, there would be difficulties in returning them to service given the age of the ships and their equipment, likely requiring a significant modernization effort. Although bringing the frigates out of retirement would have provided a short-term solution to fleet size, their limited combat capability would restrict them to acting as a theater security cooperation, maritime security asset. [23] [24] Their likely role would have been serving as basic surface platforms that stay close to U.S. shores, performing missions such as assisting drug interdiction efforts or patrolling the Arctic so an extensive upgrade to the ships' combat systems would not need to be undertaken. [25] An October 2017 memo recommended against reactivating the frigates, claiming it would cost too much money, taking funding away from other Navy priorities for ships with little effectiveness. [26]

Australia

HMAS Melbourne at sea in 2019. The eight-cell Mark 41 installation can be seen on the ship's foredeck, just ahead of the single arm Mark-13 launcher. HMAS Melbourne (FFG 05) underway in the Philipine Sea on 18 April 2019 (190418-N-UI104-0759).JPG
HMAS Melbourne at sea in 2019. The eight-cell Mark 41 installation can be seen on the ship's foredeck, just ahead of the single arm Mark-13 launcher.

Australia spent A$1.46bn to upgrade the Royal Australian Navy's (RAN) Adelaide-class guided-missile frigates, including equipping them to fire the SM-2 version of the Standard missile, adding an eight-cell Mark 41 Vertical Launching System (VLS) for Evolved SeaSparrow Missiles (ESSMs), and installing better air-search radars and long-range sonar. The RAN had opted to retain their Adelaide frigates rather than purchase the U.S. Navy's Kidd-class destroyers; the Kidds were more capable but more expensive and manpower intensive. However, the upgrade project ran over budget and fell behind schedule. [6]

The first of the upgraded frigates, HMAS Sydney, returned to the RAN fleet in 2005. Four frigates were eventually upgraded at the Garden Island shipyard in Sydney, Australia, with the modernizations lasting between 18 months and two years. The cost of the upgrades was partly offset, in the short run, by the decommissioning and disposal of the two older frigates. HMAS Canberra was decommissioned on 12 November 2005 at naval base HMAS Stirling in Western Australia, and HMAS Adelaide was decommissioned at that same naval base on 20 January 2008. HMAS Sydney was decommissioned at the Garden Island naval base in 2016. HMAS Darwin was also decommissioned at Garden Island in 2018.

The Adelaide-class frigates were replaced by three spanish designed Hobart-class air warfare destroyers equipped with the AEGIS combat system. HMAS Melbourne and Newcastle were transferred in May 2020 to the Chilean Navy and serve as Captain Prat and Almirante Latorre.

Turkey

TCG Goksu (F-497) in the Mediterranean Sea on August 21, 2023. The G-class frigates are equipped with the GENESIS combat management system, SMART-S Mk2 3D radar and Mk. 41 VLS, which has been installed in front of the Mk. 13 GMLS. TCG Goksu (F-497) in the Mediterranean Sea 21 August 2023.jpg
TCG Göksu (F-497) in the Mediterranean Sea on August 21, 2023. The G-class frigates are equipped with the GENESIS combat management system, SMART-S Mk2 3D radar and Mk. 41 VLS, which has been installed in front of the Mk. 13 GMLS.

The G-class frigates of the Turkish Navy have undergone a major modernisation program which included the retrofitting of a Turkish digital combat management system named GENESIS (Gemi Entegre Savaş İdare Sistemi). [27] The system was designed and implemented jointly by the Turkish Navy and HAVELSAN, a Turkish electronic hardware systems and software company. [28] The GENESIS upgraded ships were delivered between 2007 and 2011. [29] [30]

The GENESIS advanced combat management system has the capacity of tracking more than 1,000 tactical targets, thanks to its digital sensor data fusion, automatic threat evaluation, weapon engagement opportunities and Link-16/22 system integration. [31]

The modernisation program also includes the addition of an 8-cell Mk.41 VLS for RIM-162 ESSM, together with the upgrade of the Mk-92 fire control system by Lockheed Martin; [32] the retrofitting of the SMART-S Mk2 3D air search radar which replaced the AN/SPS-49; [33] and the addition of a new long range sonar. [34] [35]

The Mk.41 vertical launching system (VLS) has been fitted in front of the Mk.13 launcher. TCG Gediz was the first ship in the class to receive the Mk.41 VLS installation. [1]

The G-class frigates of the Turkish Navy were also modified with the ASIST landing platform system at the Istanbul Naval Shipyard, so that they can accommodate the S-70B Seahawk helicopter.

Operators

Potential operators

Former operators

List of vessels

Ship nameHull no.Hull lengthBuilderCommission–
decommission		FateLink
U.S.-built
Oliver Hazard Perry FFG-7Short Bath Iron Works 1977–1997Disposed of by scrapping, dismantling, 21 April 2006
McInerney FFG-8LongBath Iron Works1979–2010Transferred to Pakistan Navy as PNS Alamgir (F260), 31 August 2010 [51]
Wadsworth FFG-9Short Todd Pacific Shipyards, Los Angeles Division, (Todd, San Pedro)1980–2002Transferred to Polish Navy as ORP Gen. T. Kościuszko (273), 28 June 2002 [52]
Duncan FFG-10Short Todd Pacific Shipyards, Seattle Division1980–1994Transferred to Turkish Naval Forces as a parts hulk, 5 April 1999. Scuttled October 2017 [53] [54]
Clark FFG-11ShortBath Iron Works1980–2000Transferred to Polish Navy as ORP Gen. K. Pułaski (272), 15 March 2000
George Philip FFG-12ShortTodd, San Pedro1980–2003Disposed of by scrapping, dismantling, 23 January 2017 [55] [56]
Samuel Eliot Morison FFG-13ShortBath Iron Works1980–2002Transferred to Turkish Naval Forces as TCG Gokova (F 496), 10 April 2002 [57]
Sides FFG-14ShortTodd, San Pedro1981–2003Disposed of by scrapping, dismantling, 25 January 2016 [56]
Estocin FFG-15ShortBath Iron Works1981–2003Transferred to Turkish Naval Forces as TCG Goksu (F497), 3 April 2003 [58]
Clifton Sprague FFG-16ShortBath Iron Works1981–1995Transferred to Turkish Naval Forces as TCG Gaziantep (F490), 27 August 1997
built for Royal Australian Navy as HMAS Adelaide FFG-17ShortTodd, Seattle1980–2008Disposed, sunk as diving & fishing reef, 13 April 2011 [59]
built for Royal Australian Navy as HMAS Canberra FFG-18ShortTodd, Seattle1981–2005Disposed, sunk as diving & fishing reef, 4 October 2009 [60]
John A. Moore FFG-19ShortTodd, San Pedro1981–2000Transferred to Turkish Naval Forces as TCG Gediz (F495), 1 September 2000
Antrim FFG-20ShortTodd, Seattle1981–1996Transferred to Turkish Naval Forces as TCG Giresun (F491), 27 August 1997
Flatley FFG-21ShortBath Iron Works1981–1996Transferred to Turkish Naval Forces as TCG Gemlik (F492), 10 October 2001
Fahrion FFG-22ShortTodd, Seattle1982–1998Transferred to Egyptian Navy as Sharm El-Sheik (F901), 15 March 1998
Lewis B. Puller FFG-23ShortTodd, San Pedro1982–1998Transferred to Egyptian Navy as Toushka (F906), 18 September 1998
Jack Williams FFG-24ShortBath Iron Works1981–1996Transferred to Royal Bahrain Naval Force as RBNS Sabha (FFG-90), 13 September 1996
Copeland FFG-25ShortTodd, San Pedro1982–1996Transferred to Egyptian Navy as Mubarak (F911), 18 September 1996, renamed Alexandria in 2011
Gallery FFG-26ShortBath Iron Works1981–1996Transferred to Egyptian Navy as Taba (F916), 25 September 1996
Mahlon S. Tisdale FFG-27ShortTodd, San Pedro1982–1996Transferred to Turkish Naval Forces as TCG Gokceada (F494), 5 April 1999
Boone FFG-28LongTodd, Seattle1982–2012Disposed, sunk as target, 7 September 2022 [61]
Stephen W. Groves FFG-29LongBath Iron Works1982–2012Decommissioned, to be disposed of by scrapping, dismantling, 24 February 2012 [62] [63]
Reid FFG-30ShortTodd, San Pedro1983–1998Transferred to Turkish Naval Forces as TCG Gelibolu (F 493), 5 January 1999
Stark FFG-31ShortTodd, Seattle1982–1999Disposed of by scrapping, dismantling, 21 June 2006
John L. Hall FFG-32LongBath Iron Works1982–2012Decommissioned, to be disposed of by scrapping, dismantling, 9 March 2012 [62] [64]
Jarrett FFG-33LongTodd, San Pedro1983–2011Disposed of by scrapping, dismantling, 1 August 2016 [56]
Aubrey Fitch FFG-34ShortBath Iron Works1982–1997Disposed of by scrapping, dismantling, 19 May 2005
built for Royal Australian Navy as HMAS Sydney FFG-35LongTodd, Seattle1983–2015Scrapped 2017 [65] [66] [67]
Underwood FFG-36LongBath Iron Works1983–2013Decommissioned, to be disposed of by scrapping, dismantling, 8 March 2013 [62] [68]
Crommelin FFG-37LongTodd, Seattle1983–2012Disposed of as target during RIMPAC 2016 SINKEX, 19 July 2016 [69]
Curts FFG-38LongTodd, San Pedro1983–2013Disposed of as target during Valiant Shield 2020 SINKEX, 19 September 2020 [70]
Doyle FFG-39LongBath Iron Works1983–2011Disposed of by scrapping, dismantling, 12 June 2019 [62] [71]
Halyburton FFG-40LongTodd, Seattle1984–2014Decommissioned, on hold for donation [72]
McClusky FFG-41LongTodd, San Pedro1983–2015Disposed of as target during RIMPAC 2018 SINKEX, 19 July 2018 [73]
Klakring FFG-42LongBath Iron Works1983–2013Decommissioned, on hold for foreign military sale, 22 March 2013 [62] [74]
Thach FFG-43LongTodd, San Pedro1984–2013Disposed of as target during RIMPAC 2016 SINKEX, 14 July 2016 [75]
built for Royal Australian Navy as HMAS Darwin FFG-44LongTodd, Seattle1984–2017Decommissioned 9 December 2017
De Wert FFG-45LongBath Iron Works1983–2014Decommissioned, on hold for foreign military sale, 4 April 2014 [62] [76]
Rentz FFG-46LongTodd, San Pedro1984–2014Disposed of as target during Valiant Shield 2016 SINKEX, 13 September 2016 [77]
Nicholas FFG-47LongBath Iron Works1984–2014Decommissioned, to be disposed of by scrapping, dismantling, 10 March 2014 [62] [78]
Vandegrift FFG-48LongTodd, Seattle1984–2015Disposed of as target during Valiant Shield 2022 SINKEX, 17 June 2022 [79]
Robert G. Bradley FFG-49LongBath Iron Works1984–2014Decommissioned on 28 March 2014, [62] [80] [81] to be transferred to Royal Bahrain Naval Force in late 2019.
Taylor FFG-50LongBath Iron Works1984–2015Transferred to Taiwan as ROCS Ming-chuan (PFG-1112), 9 March 2016 [82]
Gary FFG-51LongTodd, San Pedro1984–2015Transferred to Taiwan as ROCS Feng Jia (PFG-1115), 9 March 2016 [83] [84]
Carr FFG-52LongTodd, Seattle1985–2013Decommissioned, on hold for foreign military sale, 13 March 2013 [62] [85] [86]
Hawes FFG-53LongBath Iron Works1985–2010Decommissioned, to be disposed of by scrapping, dismantling, 10 December 2010 [62]
Ford FFG-54LongTodd, San Pedro1985–2013Disposed of as target during Pacific Griffin 2019 SINKEX, 1 October 2019 [87]
Elrod FFG-55LongBath Iron Works1985–2015Decommissioned, on hold for foreign military sale, 30 January 2015 [62] [88]
Simpson FFG-56LongBath Iron Works1985–2015Decommissioned, on hold for foreign military sale, 29 September 2015 [62] [89] [90]
Reuben James FFG-57LongTodd, San Pedro1986–2013Disposed of as target during live fire missile test, 19 January 2016 [91]
Samuel B. Roberts FFG-58LongBath Iron Works1986–2015Decommissioned, to be disposed of by scrapping, dismantling, 22 May 2015 [62] [92]
Kauffman FFG-59LongBath Iron Works1987–2015Decommissioned, on hold for foreign military sale, 18 September 2015 [62] [93] [94]
Rodney M. Davis FFG-60LongTodd, San Pedro1987–2015Disposed of as target during RIMPAC 2022 SINKEX, 12 July 2022 [95]
Ingraham FFG-61LongTodd, San Pedro1989–2014Disposed of as target during LSE 21 SINKEX, 15 August 2021 [96]
Ship NameHull No.BuilderCommission–
Decommission		FateLink
Australian-built
HMAS Melbourne FFG 05 Australian Marine Engineering Consolidated (AMECON), Williamstown, Victoria 1992–2019Decommissioned. Sold to Chile in 2020
HMAS Newcastle FFG 061993–2019Decommissioned. Sold to Chile in 2020
Spanish-built
Santa María F81 Bazan, Ferrol 1986–In active service
Victoria F821987–In active service
Numancia F831989–In active service
Reina Sofía F841990–In active service
Navarra F851994–In active service
Canarias F861994–In active service
Taiwan-built (Republic of China)
ROCS Cheng Kung PFG-1101 China Shipbuilding, Kaohsiung, Taiwan1993–In active service
ROCS Cheng Ho PFG-11031994–In active service
ROCS Chi Kuang PFG-11051995–In active service
ROCS Yueh Fei PFG-11061996–In active service
ROCS Tzu I PFG-11071997–In active service
ROCS Pan Chao PFG-11081997–In active service
ROCS Chang Chien PFG-11091998–In active service
ROCS Tian Dan PFG-11102004–In active service

The Naval Vessel Transfer Act of 2013 [97] authorized the transfer of Curts and McClusky to Mexico, and the sale of Taylor, Gary, Carr, and Elrod to the Taipei Economic and Cultural Representative Office in the United States (which is the Taiwan agency designated under the Taiwan Relations Act) for about $10 million each. [98]

Considered for reactivation

On 13 June 2017, Chief of Naval Operations Admiral John M. Richardson said the Navy was looking into the possibility of recommissioning several Oliver Hazard Perry-class frigates from its inactive fleet to support President Donald Trump's proposed 355-ship navy plan. [99] On 11 December 2017, the Navy decided against reactivating the class, saying it would cost too much. [100]

As of 8 September 2022, the decommissioned but extant Oliver Hazard Perry-class frigates, kept at the Naval Inactive Ship Maintenance Facility in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, were:

See also

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USS <i>Stark</i> Oliver Hazard Perry class frigate

USS Stark (FFG-31) was the 23rd ship of the Oliver Hazard Perry class of guided-missile frigates and was named after Admiral Harold Raynsford Stark (1880–1972). Ordered from Todd Pacific Shipyards in Seattle, Washington, on 23 January 1978, Stark was laid down on 24 August 1979, launched on 30 May 1980, and commissioned on 23 October 1982. In 1987, an Iraqi jet fired two missiles at Stark, killing 37 U.S. sailors on board. Decommissioned on 7 May 1999, Stark was scrapped in 2006.

USS <i>Oliver Hazard Perry</i> Oliver Hazard Perry-class frigate

USS Oliver Hazard Perry (FFG-7) was the lead ship of the Oliver Hazard Perry class of guided-missile frigates. She was named for Oliver Hazard Perry, an American naval hero who was victorious at the 1813 Battle of Lake Erie. Oliver Hazard Perry (FFG-7) was the first ship and, as of 2019, the only ship of the U.S. Navy to bear the name. Oliver Hazard Perry was in service from 1977 to 1997 and was scrapped in 2005.

USS <i>McInerney</i>

USS McInerney (FFG-8), is an Oliver Hazard Perry class guided-missile frigate, in service with the United States Navy from 1979 to 2010. She was then transferred to the Pakistan Navy and entered service as Alamgir (F260) in early 2011.

USS <i>Duncan</i> (FFG-10) Oliver Hazard Perry-class frigate

The USS Duncan (FFG-10) was the fourth ship of the Oliver Hazard Perry-class of guided-missile frigates, and was named for Vice Admiral Donald B. Duncan (1896–1975). Ordered from Todd Pacific, Seattle, Washington on 27 February 1976 as part of the FY75 program, Duncan was laid down on 29 April 1977, launched on 1 March 1978, and commissioned on 15 May 1980.

USS <i>Estocin</i>

USS Estocin (FFG-15), ninth ship of the Oliver Hazard Perry class of guided-missile frigates, was named for Captain Michael John Estocin (1931–1967). Ordered from Bath Iron Works on 27 February 1976 as part of the FY76 program, Estocin was laid down on 2 April 1979, launched on 3 November 1979, and commissioned on 10 January 1981.

USS <i>Antrim</i> (FFG-20)

USS Antrim (FFG-20) was the twelfth ship of the Oliver Hazard Perry class of guided-missile frigates. She was named for Rear Admiral Richard Nott Antrim (1907–1969).

USS <i>Boone</i>

USS Boone (FFG-28) was the twentieth ship in the United States Navy's Oliver Hazard Perry-class of guided missile frigates.

USS <i>Aubrey Fitch</i> US Navy guided missile frigate

USS Aubrey Fitch (FFG-34), the twenty-sixth ship of the Oliver Hazard Perry-class of guided-missile frigates, was named for Vice-Admiral Aubrey Fitch (1883–1978), who was noted for his outstanding command work in the South Pacific during World War II.

HMAS <i>Sydney</i> (FFG 03)

HMAS Sydney was an Adelaide-class guided-missile frigate of the Royal Australian Navy (RAN). The frigate was one of six modified Oliver Hazard Perry-class frigates ordered from 1977 onwards, and the third of four to be constructed in the United States of America. Laid down and launched in 1980, Sydney was named for the capital city of New South Wales, and commissioned into the RAN in 1983.

USS <i>Simpson</i> (FFG-56) Oliver Hazard Perry-class frigate

USS Simpson (FFG-56) is an Oliver Hazard Perry-class guided missile frigate of the United States Navy, named for Rear Admiral Rodger W. Simpson.

The names of commissioned ships of the United States Navy all start with USS, for United States Ship. Non-commissioned, primarily civilian-crewed vessels of the U.S. Navy under the Military Sealift Command have names that begin with USNS, standing for United States Naval Ship. A letter-based hull classification symbol is used to designate a vessel's type. The names of ships are selected by the Secretary of the Navy. The names are those of states, cities, towns, important persons, important locations, famous battles, fish, and ideals. Usually, different types of ships have names originated from different types of sources.

HMAS <i>Canberra</i> (FFG 02) Guided missile frigate

HMAS Canberra was an Adelaide class guided missile frigate of the Royal Australian Navy (RAN). Based on the Oliver Hazard Perry class design, Canberra was one of four Adelaide class ships constructed in the United States of America, and one of six to serve in the RAN.

USS <i>Nicholas</i> (FFG-47)

USS Nicholas (FFG-47), an Oliver Hazard Perry-class frigate, was the third ship of the United States Navy to be named for Major Samuel Nicholas, the first commanding officer of the United States Marines. A third-generation guided missile frigate of the Oliver Hazard Perry class, she was laid down as Bath Iron Works hull number 388 on 27 September 1982 and launched 23 April 1983. Sponsor at her commissioning there on 10 March 1984 was the same Mrs. Edward B. Tryon who sponsored DD 449 in 1942.

USS <i>Taylor</i> (FFG-50)

USS Taylor (FFG-50), an Oliver Hazard Perry-class frigate, was a ship of the United States Navy named for Commander Jesse J. Taylor (1925–1965), a naval aviator who was awarded the Navy Cross posthumously for his heroism in the Vietnam War.

USS <i>Gary</i> (FFG-51) Oliver Hazard Perry-class frigate

USS Gary (FFG-51) was an Oliver Hazard Perry-class frigate in the United States Navy. She was named for Medal of Honor recipient Commander Donald A. Gary (1903–1977).

USS <i>Halyburton</i> United States warship (FFG-40)

USS Halyburton (FFG-40), an Oliver Hazard Perry-class frigate, is a ship of the United States Navy named for Pharmacist's Mate Second Class William D. Halyburton, Jr. (1924–1945). Halyburton was posthumously awarded the Medal of Honor for his heroism while serving with the 5th Marines, during the Battle of Okinawa in 1945.

<i>Adelaide</i>-class frigate Class of Australian guided missile frigates

The Adelaide class of six guided missile frigates was constructed in Australia and the United States for service in the Royal Australian Navy. Two were later sold to the Chilean Navy. The Adelaide class was based on the United States Navy's Oliver Hazard Perry-class frigates, but modified for Australian requirements. The first four vessels were built in the United States, and the final two were constructed in Australia. The first ship entered service in November 1980.

G-class frigate Frigate class of the Turkish Navy

The G class is one of the frigate classes of the Turkish Navy. They are extensively modernized versions of ex-Oliver Hazard Perry-class guided-missile frigates of the US Navy, mainly designed for air defense with a weapons configuration that is optimized for general warfare.

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