Palaemon serratus

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Palaemon serratus
Palaemon serratus Croazia.jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Order: Decapoda
Suborder: Pleocyemata
Infraorder: Caridea
Superfamily: Palaemonoidea
Family: Palaemonidae
Genus: Palaemon
Species:
P. serratus
Binomial name
Palaemon serratus
(Pennant, 1777)  [1]
Synonyms   [2] [3]
  • Astacus serratusPennant, 1777
  • Cancer captivusNardo, 1847
  • Leander latreillianusCzerniavsky, 1884
  • Leander serratusSharp, 1893
  • Leander treillianusAdensamer, 1898
  • Melicerta trilianaRisso, 1816
  • Palaemon oratelliMonod, 1931
  • Palaemon punctulatusRisso, 1844
  • Palaemon rostratusGimenez, 1922
  • Palaemon treillianusH. Milne-Edwards, 1837
  • Palaemon trilianus(Risso, 1816)
  • Palaemon trillianusRisso, 1816

Palaemon serratus, also called the common prawn, is a species of shrimp found in the Atlantic Ocean from Denmark to Mauritania, and in the Mediterranean Sea and Black Sea. [4]

Contents

Ecology

Individuals live for 3–5 years [5] in groups in rocky crevices at depths of up to 40 metres (130 ft). [6] Females grow faster than males, and the population is highly seasonal, with a pronounced peak in the autumn. [7] They are preyed upon by a variety of fish, including species of Mullidae, Moronidae, Sparidae and Batrachoididae. [8] P. serratus can sometimes be found with a prominent bulge in its carapace over its gills. This is caused by the presence of an isopod parasite, such as Bopyrus squillarum . [9]

Description

Palaemon serratus may be distinguished from other species of shrimp by the rostrum, which curves upwards, is bifurcated at the tip and has 6–7 teeth along its upper edge, and 4–5 teeth on the lower edge. [4] Other species may have a slightly curved rostrum, but then the teeth on its dorsal surface continue into the distal third, which is untoothed in P. serratus. [10] P. serratus is pinkish brown, with reddish patterns, and is typically 100 millimetres (3.9 in) long, making it the largest of the native shrimp and prawns around the British Isles. [11]

Palaemon serratus is one of the few invertebrates to have its hearing studied in detail; it is sensitive to frequencies between 100 Hz and 3 kHz, with an acuity similar to that of generalist fish. [12] While the hearing range of a P. serratus individual changes as it grows, all are capable of hearing tones at 500 Hz. [13]

Fisheries

A small commercial fishery exists for P. serratus on the west coast of Great Britain, [5] chiefly in West Wales (Cemaes Head to the Llŷn Peninsula), [14] but extending increasingly far north to include parts of Scotland. [15] In Ireland, fishing for P. serratus began at Baltimore, County Cork in the 1970s and subsequently expanded. A peak landing of 548 t was recorded in 1999, and four counties account for over 90% of the catch — Galway, Kerry, Cork and Waterford. [16] There is now concern that the current levels of exploitation may represent overfishing, and measures are being considered to limit the catch, such as a minimum landing size. [14]

Related Research Articles

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Cleaner shrimp is a common name for a number of swimming decapod crustaceans that clean other organisms of parasites. Most are found in the families Hippolytidae and Palaemonidae, though the families Alpheidae, Pandalidae, and Stenopodidae each contain at least one species of cleaner shrimp. The term "cleaner shrimp" is sometimes used more specifically for the family Hippolytidae and the genus Lysmata.

<i>Acetes</i> Genus of shrimp

Acetes is a genus of small shrimp that resemble krill, which is native to the western and central Indo-Pacific, the Atlantic coast of the Americas, Pacific coast of South America and inland waters of South America. Although most are from marine or estuarine habitats, the South American A. paraguayensis is a fresh water species. Several of its species are important for the production of shrimp paste in Southeast Asia, including A. japonicus, which is the world's most heavily fished species of wild shrimp or prawn in terms of total tonnage and represent the majority of non-human animals killed for food in terms of number of individuals.

<i>Palaemon</i> (crustacean) Genus of crustaceans

Palaemon is a genus of caridean shrimp in the family Palaemonidae.

<i>Palaemon affinis</i> Species of crustacean

Palaemon affinis is a species of shrimp of the family Palaemonidae. Early authors used the name Palaemon affinis for specimens now known to belong to a variety of species, but P. affinis is now known to be endemic to the waters of New Zealand.

<i>Urocaridella antonbruunii</i> Species of crustacean

Urocaridella antonbruunii, common names clear cleaner shrimp or red-white cleaner shrimp, is a species of shrimp belonging to the family Palaemonidae. It was described by A. J. Bruce in 1967. It is one of the species that are known as cleaner shrimps.

<i>Palaemon adspersus</i> Species of shrimp

Palaemon adspersus, commonly called Baltic prawn, is a species of shrimp that is frequent in the Baltic Sea, and is the subject of fisheries in Denmark. It is up to 70 mm (2.8 in) long, and lives in Zostera beds.

<i>Pandalus montagui</i> Species of crustacean

Pandalus montagui is a species of cold-water shrimp in the family Pandalidae. It is the type species of the genus Pandalus and is variously known as the pink shrimp, Aesop shrimp and Aesop prawn.

<i>Trachysalambria curvirostris</i> Species of crustacean

Trachysalambria curvirostris is a species of prawn that lives in shallow waters of the Indo-West Pacific. It is one of the most important species targeted by prawn fishery, with annual harvests of more than 300,000 t, mostly landed in China.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Shrimp</span> Decapod crustaceans

A shrimp (pl.: shrimp or shrimps is a crustacean with an elongated body and a primarily swimming mode of locomotion – typically belonging to the Caridea or Dendrobranchiata of the order Decapoda, although some crustaceans outside of this order are also referred to as "shrimp".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Prawn</span> Common name applied to some types of crustaceans

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<i>Palaemon pugio</i> Species of crustacean

Palaemon pugio, commonly known as daggerblade grass shrimp, is a small, transparent species of shrimp with yellow coloring and brownish spots. It can be found in estuarine and tidal marsh habitats throughout the western Atlantic Ocean and Gulf of Mexico. Palaemon pugio has a smooth carapace and abdomen, as well as three pairs of legs. The second pair is the strongest, while the third pair lacks chelae (claws). It reaches a length of around 5 cm (2.0 in), and has a life span of around one year. Like most grass shrimp, it is a forager and feeds on a variety of items, including microalgae. They themselves are consumed by killifish and other small foraging fish.

<i>Melicertus kerathurus</i> Species of crustacean

Melicertus kerathurus, the striped prawn or caramote prawn is a species of tiger prawn from the family Penaeidae which occurs in the eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea which is an important species in commercial fisheries. It is the type species for the genus Melicertus.

Macrobrachium vollenhoveni, the African river prawn, is a species of large, commercially important prawn from the family Palaemonidae from West Africa. It is a catadromous species that moves from freshwater to brackish water to spawn returning to freshwater as larvae. Recent research has shown that it could potentially be used as a biological control to reduce the rates of infection people living near rivers where this species occurs with schistosomiasis.

<i>Palaemon pandaliformis</i> Species of crustacean

Palaemon pandaliformis is a species of shrimp of the family Palaemonidae. It is found along with Palaemon northropi.

<i>Palaemon macrodactylus</i> Species of crustacean

Palaemon macrodactylus is a species of shrimp of the family Palaemonidae.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Feeder shrimp</span>

Feeder shrimp, ghost shrimp, glass shrimp, grass shrimp, river shrimp or feeder prawns are generic names applied to inexpensive small, typically with a length of 1 to 3 cm, semi-transparent crustaceans commonly sold and fed as live prey to larger more aggressive fishes kept in aquariums.

<i>Palaemon modestus</i> Species of crustacean

Palaemon modestus, the Siberian prawn, is a species of freshwater shrimp from eastern Asia. A revision to Palaemon in 2013 moved Palaemon modestus to the Palaemon genus from the Exopalaemon genus.

<i>Macrobrachium nobilii</i> Species of freshwater prawn

Macrobrachium nobilii is a species of freshwater shrimp, first described by Henderson and Matthai, 1910. It belongs to the order Decapoda and family Palaemonidae.

Processa edulis is a species of caridean shrimp found in shallow water in the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea. It mostly inhabits seagrass beds and eelgrass flats, hiding by day and feeding at night. A common name for it is nika shrimp.

<i>Bopyrus squillarum</i> Species of isopod

Bopyrus squillarum is an isopod parasite of the infraorder Epicaridea. As such, B. squillarum is an ectoparasite, feeding off crustaceans hemolymph. This parasite is specific to common prawns, but can rarely be found on other species of the genus Palaemon such as P. elegans.

References

  1. "Palaemon serratus". Integrated Taxonomic Information System.
  2. "Palaemon serratus (Pennant, 1777)". 2008 Annual Checklist. Catalogue of Life.
  3. "Palaemon serratus". Aquaculture Compendium. CAB International. 2006. Archived from the original on 2007-03-25.
  4. 1 2 "Common prawn (Palaemon serratus)". ARKive. Archived from the original on 2009-04-22. Retrieved January 31, 2009.
  5. 1 2 Torry Research Station. "Handling and processing shrimp". Torry Advisory Notes — No. 54. Food and Agriculture Organization.
  6. "Marine Irish Digital Atlas". University College Cork. Archived from the original on 2011-07-21. Retrieved 2009-01-31.
  7. Guillermo Guerao & Carlos Ribera (2000). "Population characteristics of the prawn Palaemon serratus (Decapoda, Palaemonidae) in a shallow Mediterranean bay". Crustaceana . 73 (4): 459–468. doi:10.1163/156854000504543.
  8. Rita Sá; Constança Bexigaa; Pedro Veigaa; Lina Vieiraa; Karim Erzini (2006). "Feeding ecology and trophic relationships of fish species in the lower Guadiana River Estuary and Castro Marim e Vila Real de Santo António salt marsh". Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science . 70 (1–2): 19–26. Bibcode:2006ECSS...70...19S. doi:10.1016/j.ecss.2006.05.038.
  9. DeBhaldraithe, P. 1972. Notes on the Occurrence of the Isopod Parasite Bopyrus squillarum Latreille. Irish Naturalists Journal 17(8): 276–279.
  10. Christopher W. Ashelby, Tim M. Worsfold & Charles H. J. M. Fransen (2004). "First records of the oriental prawn Palaemon macrodactylus (Decapoda: Caridea), an alien species in European waters, with a revised key to British Palaemonidae" (PDF). Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom . 84 (5): 1041–1050. doi:10.1017/S0025315404010392h.
  11. M. R. Reeve (1968). "The suitability of the English prawn Palaemon serratus (Pennant) for cultivation — a preliminary assessment". FAO Fisheries Report. R57 (3). Food and Agriculture Organization: 582 pp.
  12. J. M. Lovella; M. M. Findlaya; R. M. Moateb; H. Y. Yan (2005). "The hearing abilities of the prawn Palaemon serratus". Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A . 140 (1): 89–100. doi:10.1016/j.cbpb.2004.11.003. PMID   15664317.
  13. J. M. Lovell; R. M. Moate; L. Christiansen; M. M. Findlay (2006). "The relationship between body size and evoked potentials from the statocysts of the prawn Palaemon serratus". Journal of Experimental Biology . 209 (Pt 13): 2480–2485. doi:10.1242/jeb.02211. PMID   16788031.
  14. 1 2 Jeremy Percy (2006). "The Welsh coastal Palaemon prawn fisheries — a consideration of future possible actions". North Western & North Wales Sea Fisheries Committee. Archived from the original on 2008-11-19. Retrieved 2009-02-01.
  15. "Palaemon serratus: sustainable development". Seafish . Retrieved January 31, 2009.
  16. Edward Fahy; Niamh Forrest; Ruth Mortimer; Jim Carroll (2006). "Indicators of performance in the fishery for shrimp Palaemon serratus (Pennant) in Irish Coastal Waters". Journal of Shellfish Research . 25 (3): 1021–1026. doi:10.2983/0730-8000(2006)25[1021:IOPITF]2.0.CO;2.