Pat O'Callaghan

Last updated • 7 min readFrom Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia

Pat O'Callaghan
Pat O'Callaghan 1928.jpg
O'Callaghan at the 1928 Olympic Games
Personal information
Native namePádraig Ó Ceallacháin
Birth namePatrick O'Callaghan
NationalityIrish
Citizenship British citizenship (1906 to 1922), Irish citizenship (1922 to 1991)
Born(1906-01-28)28 January 1906
Dromtarriffe, County Cork, Ireland
Died1 December 1991(1991-12-01) (aged 85)
Clonmel, County Tipperary, Republic of Ireland
Education Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland
OccupationDoctor
Height1.80 m (5 ft 11 in)
Weight98 kg (216 lb)
Sport
SportHammer throw
RankOlympic champion
Medal record
Representing Flag of Ireland.svg  Ireland
Olympic Games
Gold medal icon (G initial).svg 1928 Amsterdam Hammer throw
Gold medal icon (G initial).svg 1932 Los Angeles Hammer throw

Patrick O'Callaghan (28 January 1906 – 1 December 1991) was an Irish athlete and double Olympic gold medallist. He was the first athlete from Ireland to win an Olympic medal under the Irish flag rather than the British flag. [1]

Contents

Early and private life

O'Callaghan was born in the townland of Knockaneroe, near Kanturk, County Cork, on 28 January 1906, [2] [3] the second of three sons born to Paddy O'Callaghan, a farmer, and Jane Healy. He began his education at the age of two at Derrygalun national school. O'Callaghan progressed to secondary school in Kanturk and at the age of fifteen, he won a scholarship to the Patrician Academy in Mallow. During his year in the Patrician Academy, he cycled the 51-kilometre (32-mile) round trip from Derrygalun every day and he never missed a class. O'Callaghan subsequently studied medicine at the Royal College of Surgeons in Dublin. Following his graduation in 1926 as the youngest doctor ever produced by RCSI, he joined the Royal Air Force Medical Service. He returned to Ireland in 1928 and set up his own medical practice in Clonmel, County Tipperary, where he worked until his retirement in 1984. [4] O'Callaghan was also a renowned field sports practitioner, greyhound trainer and storyteller.

Sporting career

Early sporting life

O’Callaghan was born into a family that had a huge interest in a variety of different sports. His uncle, Tim Vaughan, was a national sprint champion and played Gaelic football with Cork in 1893. O’Callaghan's eldest brother, Seán, also enjoyed football as well as winning a national 440 yards hurdles title, while his other brother, Con, was also regarded as a gifted runner, jumper and thrower. O’Callaghan's early sporting passions included hunting, poaching and Gaelic football. He was regarded as an excellent midfielder on the Banteer football team, while he also lined out with the Banteer hurling team.

At university in Dublin, O’Callaghan broadened his sporting experiences by joining the local senior rugby club. This was at a time when the Gaelic Athletic Association forbade players of Gaelic games from playing "foreign sports". It was also in Dublin that O’Callaghan first developed an interest in hammer-throwing. In 1926, he returned to his native Duhallow where he set up a training regime in that discipline. Here he fashioned his own hammer by boring a one-inch hole through a 16 lb shot and filling it with the ball-bearing core of a bicycle pedal. He also set up a throwing circle in a nearby field where he trained. In 1927, O’Callaghan returned to Dublin where he won that year's hammer championship with a throw of 43.36 m (142 ft 3 in). In 1928, he retained his national title with a throw of 49.53 m (162 ft 6 in), a win that allowed him to represent Ireland at the 1928 Summer Olympics. On the same day, O’Callaghan's brother, Con, won the shot put and the decathlon and also qualified for the Olympic Games. Between winning his national title and competing in the Olympic Games O’Callaghan improved his throwing distance by recording a distance of 50.88 m (166 ft 11 in) at the Royal Ulster Constabulary Sports in Belfast.

1928 Olympic Games

In the summer of 1928, the three O’Callaghan brothers paid their own fares when travelling to the Olympic Games in Amsterdam. Pat finished in sixth place in the preliminary round and started the final with a throw of 47.49 m (155 ft 10 in). This put him in third place behind Ossian Skiöld of Sweden but ahead of Malcolm Nokes, the favourite from Great Britain. For his second throw, O’Callaghan used the Swede's own hammer and recorded a throw of 51.39 m (168 ft 7 in). This was 10 cm (4 in) more than Skiöld's throw and resulted in a first gold medal for O’Callaghan and for Ireland. The podium presentation was particularly emotional as it was the first time at an Olympic Games that the Irish tricolour was raised and Amhrán na bhFiann was played.

Success in Ireland

After returning from the Olympic Games, O’Callaghan cemented his reputation as a great athlete with additional successes between 1929 and 1932. In the national championships of 1930 he won the hammer, shot-putt, 56 lbs without follow, 56 lbs over-the-bar, discus and high jump.

In the summer of 1930, O’Callaghan took part in a two-day invitation event in Stockholm where Oissian Skoeld was expected to gain revenge on the Irishman for the defeat in Amsterdam. On the first day of the competition, Skoeld broke his own European record with his very first throw. O’Callaghan followed immediately and overtook him with his own first throw breaking the new record. On the second day of the event both O’Callaghan and Skoeld were neck-and-neck, when the former, with his last throw, set a new European record of 54.46 m (178 ft 8 in) to win.

1932 Summer Olympics

By the time the 1932 Summer Olympics came around, O’Callaghan was regularly throwing the hammer over 52 metres (170 ft). The Irish team were much better organised on that occasion and the whole journey to Los Angeles was funded by a church-gate collection. Shortly before departing on the 9,700-kilometre (6,000 mi) boat and train journey across the Atlantic, O’Callaghan collected a fifth hammer title at the national championships.

On arrival in Los Angeles, O’Callaghan's preparations of the defence of his title came unstuck. The surface of the hammer circle had always been of grass or clay and throwers wore field shoes with steel spikes set into the heel and sole for grip. In Los Angeles, however, a cinder surface was to be provided. The Olympic Committee of Ireland had failed to notify O’Callaghan of this change. Consequently, he came to the arena with three pairs of spiked shoes for a grass or clay surface and time did not permit a change of shoe. He wore his shortest spikes, but found that they caught in the hard gritty slab and impeded his crucial third turn. Despite being severely impeded, he managed to qualify for the final stage of the competition with his second throw of 52.21 m (171 ft 4 in). While the final of the 400m hurdles was delayed, O’Callaghan hunted down a hacksaw and a file in the groundskeeper's shack and cut off the spikes. O’Callaghan's second throw reached a distance of 53.92 m (176 ft 11 in), a score that allowed him to retain his Olympic title. It was Ireland's second gold medal of the day as Bob Tisdall had earlier won a gold medal in the 400m hurdles.

Retirement

O’Callaghan did not take part in the national athletic championships in Ireland in 1933. However, he still worked hard at training and experimented with a fourth turn to set a new European record at 54.48 m (178 ft 9 in). By this stage, O’Callaghan was rated as the top thrower in the world by the leading international sports journalists. In the early 1930s, a controversy erupted between the British AAA and the National Athletic and Cycling Association of Ireland (NACAI). The British AAA claimed jurisdiction in Northern Ireland while the NACAI claimed jurisdiction over the entire island of Ireland regardless of political division. The controversy came to a head in the lead-up to the 1936 Summer Olympics when the IAAF finally disqualified the NACAI.

O'Callaghan won the British AAA Championships title in the hammer throw event at the British 1934 AAA Championships. [5] [6] [7]

O’Callaghan remained loyal to the NACAI, a decision which effectively brought an end to his international athletic career. No Irish team travelled to the 1936 Olympic Games; however, O’Callaghan travelled to Berlin as a private spectator. After Berlin, O’Callaghan's international career was over. He declined to join the new Irish Amateur Athletics Union (IAAU) or subsequent IOC-recognised Amateur Athletics Union of Eire (AAUE) and continued to compete under NACAI rules. At Fermoy in 1937 he threw 59.54 m (195 ft 4 in) – nearly two metres ahead of the world record of 57.77 m (189 ft 6 in) set by his old friend Paddy 'Chicken' Ryan in 1913. This record, however, was not ratified by the AAUE or the IAAF. In retirement, O’Callaghan remained interested in athletics. He travelled to every Olympic Games up until 1988 and enjoyed fishing and poaching in Clonmel. He died on 1 December 1991.

Legacy

O'Callaghan was the flag bearer for Ireland at the 1932 Olympics. In 1960, he became the first person to receive the Texaco Hall of Fame Award. He was made a Freeman of Clonmel in 1984 and was honorary president of Commercials GAA. In 1988 he was awarded the inaugural Distinguished Graduate Award by the RCSI Association of Medical and Dental Graduates. [8] The Dr Pat O'Callaghan Sports Complex at Cashel Rd, Clonmel, which is the home of Clonmel Town Football Club, is named after him. In January 2007, a statue to him was raised in Banteer, County Cork. [4]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">John Flanagan (hammer thrower)</span> American hammer thrower

John Joseph Flanagan was an Irish-American three-time Olympic gold medalist in the hammer throw, winning in 1900, 1904, and 1908.

Peter O'Connor was an Irish track and field athlete who set a long-standing world record for the long jump and won two Olympic medals in the 1906 Intercalated Games.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ireland at the British Empire Games</span> Sporting event delegation

Representation of the island of Ireland at the British Empire Games has varied:

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tom Kiely</span> Irish athlete

Thomas Francis Kiely was an Irish athlete. Kiely won gold in the all-round at the 1904 Summer Olympics in St. Louis, Missouri representing Great Britain and Ireland, making him the first multi-event track and field champion of the Modern Olympic Games

<span class="mw-page-title-main">James Mitchel</span> American athlete

James Sarsfield Mitchel was an Irish-born American field athlete who competed in the 1904 Olympics. He was one of a group of Irish-American athletes known as the "Irish Whales."

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Denis Horgan</span> Irish shot putter

Denis Horgan was a champion Irish athlete and weight thrower, born in Banteer, County Cork, who competed mainly in the shot put.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ossian Skiöld</span> Swedish hammer thrower

Ossian Esaias Skiöld was a Swedish hammer thrower who competed at three Olympic Games.

The National Athletic and Cycling Association (NACA or N.A. and C.A.), from 1990 the National Athletic and Cycling Association of Ireland (NACAI or NACA(I)) was a federation of sports clubs in the island of Ireland practising athletics or bicycle racing or both. It existed from 1922 to 2000, though for most of the period it was not the sole governing body in Ireland for either sport. Its refusal to recognise the partition of Ireland got it expelled from the International Amateur Athletics Federation (IAAF) and the Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI). Clubs formerly in the NACAI are now affiliated to Athletics Ireland or Cycling Ireland, each formed by the merger of the NACAI with rival bodies respectively affiliated to the IAAF and the UCI.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Maurice Davin</span>

Maurice Davin was an Irish farmer who became co-founder of the Gaelic Athletic Association. He was also the first President of the GAA and the only man ever to serve two terms as president.

Patrick Joseph Bermingham was an Irish police officer and sportsman, specialising in the discus. He was from Moyasta in County Clare and joined the Dublin Metropolitan Police.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Simon Gillis</span> American hammer and discus thrower

Simon Peter Gillis was an American track and field athlete, a member of the New York Athletic Club, and the New York City Police Department. He was one of a group of athletes known as the Irish Whales and frequently kept company with members of the Irish American Athletic Club. He competed in weight throwing events in the 1904, 1908 and 1912 Summer Olympics.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Anita Włodarczyk</span> Polish hammer thrower (born 1985)

Anita Włodarczyk is a Polish hammer thrower. She is the 2012, 2016 and 2020 Olympic champion, and the first woman in history to throw the hammer over 80 m; she currently holds the women's world record of 82.98 m. She is considered the greatest female hammer thrower of all time.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Athletics at the 1928 Summer Olympics – Men's hammer throw</span> Olympic athletics event

The men's hammer throw event was part of the track and field athletics programme at the 1928 Summer Olympics. The competition was held on Monday, July 30, 1928. Sixteen hammer throwers from eleven nations competed. The maximum number of athletes per nation was 4. The event was won by Pat O'Callaghan of Ireland, the first gold medal for the nation at the Olympics since it started competing independently in 1924 and the first time the event was won by a non-American. Ossian Skiöld of Sweden took silver, the nation's second medal in the event after another silver in 1920. The Americans, who had earned a gold medal and at least one other medal in each of the previous six hammer throw competitions, took only a bronze this time, with Edmund Black finishing third.

Banteer GAA is a Gaelic Athletic Association club which is based in the village of Banteer in County Cork, Ireland. The club plays hurling and is affiliated with Lyre Gaelic Football Club from the same parish. Founded in 1887, the club competes in the Duhallow Junior A Hurling Championship.

Tullylease GAA is a Gaelic Athletic Association club based in the village of Tullylease in the north-west of County Cork, Ireland which forms part of the parish of Milford, Freemount and Tullylease. The club plays in the Duhallow division and competes in both Hurling and Gaelic Football competitions. As of 2024, the club's football team competes in the Duhallow Junior C Football Championship. Tullylease has not fielded a hurling team since 2017.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Athletics Ireland</span> Governing body for athletics on the island of Ireland

Athletics Ireland, officially the Athletic Association of Ireland or AAI, is the governing body for athletics in Ireland, with athletics defined as including track and field athletics, road running, race walking, cross country running, mountain running and ultra distance running. The organisation's jurisdiction covers the whole island of Ireland and it is affiliated to the International Association of Athletic Federations. Its remit is to promote athletics from recreational running, schools competitions and to support elite athletes in international competitions.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gunnar Jansson (athlete)</span> Swedish hammer thrower

Johan Gunnar Jansson was a Swedish hammer thrower who competed at two Olympic Games.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Armando Poggioli</span> Italian hammer and discus thrower

Armando Remigio Maria Poggioli was an Italian discus thrower and hammer thrower who competed at three Olympic Games.

Fernando Giuseppe Maria Vandelli was an Italian hammer thrower who competed at the 1932 Summer Olympics.

William T. Britton was an Irish athlete.

References

  1. ↑ "Two Olympic Golds For Irish Hammer Thrower". RTE Archives. Retrieved 9 August 2021.
  2. ↑ "General Registrar's Office". IrishGenealogy.ie. Retrieved 15 September 2017.
  3. ↑ "National Archives: Census of Ireland, 1911". www.census.nationalarchives.ie. Retrieved 15 September 2017.
  4. 1 2 Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Pat O'Callaghan". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 19 October 2011.
  5. ↑ "Finals of White City events" . Sunderland Daily Echo and Shipping Gazette. 14 July 1934. Retrieved 16 January 2025– via British Newspaper Archive.
  6. ↑ "British athletes lose titles" . Weekly Dispatch (London). 15 July 1934. Retrieved 16 January 2025– via British Newspaper Archive.
  7. ↑ "AAA, WAAA and National Championships Medallists". National Union of Track Statisticians. Retrieved 16 January 2025.
  8. ↑ "Distinguished Graduate Award". www.rcsi.com. Retrieved 23 June 2024.


New award Texaco Hall of Fame Award
1960		Succeeded by
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.