Pentanema squarrosum

Last updated

Pentanema squarrosum
Flickr - don macauley - Ploughman's Spikenard.jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Asterales
Family: Asteraceae
Genus: Pentanema
Species:
P. squarrosum
Binomial name
Pentanema squarrosum
(L.) D.Gut.Larr., Santos-Vicente, Anderb., E.Rico & M.M.Mart.Ort.
Synonyms
  • Aster conyzaeGriess.
  • Conyza squarrosaL.
  • Conyza vulgarisLam.
  • Helenium vulgareKuntze
  • Inula conyzaDC.
  • Inula conyzae(Griess.) Meikle
  • Inula foetidaDulac
  • Inula squarrosaBernh. ex DC.
  • Inula vulgarisTrevis.
  • Jacobaea canzya(DC.) Merino
  • Inula suaveolensJacq.
  • Pentanema conyzae(Griess.) D.Gut.Larr., Santos-Vicente, Anderb., E.Rico & M.M.Mart.Ort.

Pentanema squarrosum, known as ploughman's-spikenard, [1] is a species of plant in the family Asteraceae found in Europe, North Africa, and the Near East. [2] [3]

It is a tall, hairy plant (to 1.2 m) that grows on calcareous, low-nutrient, well-drained soils. It is a short lived perennial plant. Before flowering, the basal rosette of leaves resembles those of foxgloves. It flowers after mid-summer in Europe, from July to September. [3] When in flower, the plant has many small flowerheads grouped together into a flat-topped structure that resembles a single flowerhead (pseudanthium). The individual flowerheads have prominent yellow disc florets and no (or inconspicuous) ray florets. [4]

The leaves are burned and used as an insecticide and parasiticide, especially against fleas. Even the smell of the plant is flea repellent. When the root is burned, it becomes a useful room scent (it is used this way in Turkey). [5]

Related Research Articles

<i>Daucus carota</i> Species of flowering plant

Daucus carota, whose common names include wild carrot, European wild carrot, bird's nest, bishop's lace, and Queen Anne's lace, is a flowering plant in the family Apiaceae. It is native to temperate regions of the Old World and was naturalized in the New World.

<i>Matricaria discoidea</i> Species of flowering plant

Matricaria discoidea, commonly known as pineappleweed, wild chamomile, disc mayweed, and rayless mayweed, is an annual plant native to North America and introduced to Eurasia where it grows as a common herb of fields, gardens, and roadsides. It is in the daisy family Asteraceae. The flowers exude a chamomile/pineapple aroma when crushed. They are edible and have been used in salads and to make herbal tea.

<i>Gundelia</i> Genus of flowering plants

Gundelia or tumble thistle is a low to high (20–100 cm) thistle-like perennial herbaceous plant with latex, spiny compound inflorescences, reminiscent of teasles and eryngos, that contain cream, yellow, greenish, pink, purple or redish-purple disk florets. It is assigned to the family Asteraceae. Flowers can be found from February to May. The stems of this plant dry-out when the seeds are ripe and break free from the underground root, and are then blown away like a tumbleweed, thus spreading the seeds effectively over large areas with little standing vegetation. This plant is native to the eastern Mediterranean and the Middle-East. Opinions differ about the number of species in Gundelia. Sometimes the genus is regarded monotypic, Gundelia tournefortii being a species with a large variability, but other authors distinguish up to nine species, differing in floret color and pubescence. Young stems are cooked and eaten in the Middle-East and are said to taste like a combination of artichoke and asparagus.

<i>Bellis perennis</i> Flowering plant in the daisy family Asteraceae

Bellis perennis, the daisy, is a European species of the family Asteraceae, often considered the archetypal species of the name daisy. To distinguish this species from other plants known as daisies, it is sometimes qualified or known as common daisy, lawn daisy or English daisy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Golden samphire</span> Species of flowering plant

The golden samphire is a perennial coastal species, which may be found growing on salt marsh or sea cliffs across western and southern Europe and the Mediterranean.

<i>Inula</i> Genus of flowering plants in the daisy family Asteraceae

Inula is a genus of about 80 species of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae, native to Europe, Asia and Africa.

<i>Antennaria dioica</i> Species of flowering plant

Antennaria dioica is a Eurasian and North American species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. It is a perennial herb found in cool northern and mountainous regions of Europe and northern Asia (Russia, Mongolia, Japan, Kazakhstan, China, and also in North America.

<i>Trifolium campestre</i> Species of flowering plant in the bean family Fabaceae

Trifolium campestre, commonly known as hop trefoil, field clover and low hop clover, is a species of flowering plant native to Europe and western Asia, growing in dry, sandy grassland habitats, fields, woodland margins, roadsides, wastelands and cultivated land. The species name campestre means "of the fields".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Elecampane</span> Species of flowering plant in the daisy family Asteraceae

Elecampane, pronounced and also called horse-heal or elfdock, is a widespread plant species in the sunflower family Asteraceae. It is native to Eurasia from Spain to Xinjiang province in western China, and naturalized in parts of North America.

<i>Omalotheca sylvatica</i> Species of flowering plant

Omalotheca sylvatica, synonyms including Gnaphalium sylvaticum, is a species of plant in the family Asteraceae. It is commonly known as heath cudweed, wood cudweed, golden motherwort, chafeweed, owl's crown, and woodland arctic cudweed. It is widespread across the temperate Northern Hemisphere, throughout North America and Eurasia. The species was first formally described by Carl Linnaeus in 1753 as Gnaphalium sylvaticum.

<i>Pentanema salicinum</i> Species of flowering plant

Pentanema salicinum is a plant species in the family Asteraceae. It is found across Eurasia from Portugal to Japan. It has been reported growing in the wild in a few scattered locations in North America but it has not become widely established there.

<i>Pentanema britannica</i> Species of flowering plant

Pentanema britannica, the British yellowhead or meadow fleabane, is a Eurasian species of plant in the daisy family. It is widespread across much of Europe and Asia, and sparingly naturalized in scattered locations in North America.

<i>Dittrichia viscosa</i> Species of flowering plant

Dittrichia viscosa, also known as false yellowhead, woody fleabane, sticky fleabane and yellow fleabane, is a flowering plant in the daisy family.

<i>Eublemma parva</i> Species of moth

Eublemma parva, the small marbled, is a moth of the family Erebidae. The species was first described by Jacob Hübner in 1808.

<i>Pentanema spiraeifolium</i> Species of flowering plant

Pentanema spiraeifolium is a species perennial herbaceous plant belonging to the family Asteraceae. It is found from Europe to Iran.

<i>Heliopsis helianthoides</i> Species of flowering plant

Heliopsis helianthoides is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae, known by the common names rough oxeye, smooth oxeye and false sunflower. It is native to eastern and central North America from Saskatchewan east to Newfoundland and south as far as Texas, New Mexico, and Georgia.

<i>Inula magnifica</i> Species of flowering plant

Inula magnifica, the giant fleabane, is a species of flowering plant in the sunflower family Asteraceae, native to the eastern Caucasus. It is a tall herbaceous perennial growing to 1.8 m (6 ft) tall by 1 m (3 ft) broad, with hairy stems and leaves. In late summer it bears rich yellow, daisy-like composite flower-heads 15 cm (6 in) in diameter, with narrowly tubular ray florets. It is suitable for planting at the back of a border, or in a wild meadow or prairie-style garden.

<i>Helianthus decapetalus</i> Species of sunflower

Helianthus decapetalus, known by the common names thinleaf sunflower, thin-leaved sunflower, and woodland sunflower, is a perennial forb in the family Asteraceae. It is native to the Eastern and Central United States and Canada, from New Brunswick west to Iowa, Wisconsin, and Ontario, south as far as Georgia and Louisiana. It produces yellow composite flowers in late summer or early fall.

<i>Vicoa</i> Genus of flowering plants

Vicoa is a genus of flowering plants belonging to elecampane tribe within the Asteraceae. It is found in parts of Africa and stretching across Asia to Indochina. It was described by Alexandre Henri Gabriel de Cassini (Cass.) in 1829, but the genus was later absorbed into the Pentanema genus. Until molecular analysis in 2018, determined it was a separate genus.

<i>Crepis nicaeensis</i> Species of flowering plant

Crepis nicaeensis is a European species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae with the common names French hawk's-beard and Turkish hawksbeard. It is widespread across much of Europe, as well as being sparingly naturalized in scattered locations in the United States and Canada.

References

  1. BSBI List 2007 (xls). Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. Archived from the original (xls) on 2015-06-26. Retrieved 2014-10-17.
  2. "Pentanema squarrosum (L.) D.Gut.Larr., Santos-Vicente, Anderb., E.Rico & M.M.Mart.Ort. | Plants of the World Online | Kew Science". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 2022-07-03.
  3. 1 2 Altervista Flora Italiana, Inula conyzae (Griess.) DC. includes photos and European distribution map
  4. "Ploughman's-spikenard - Inula conyzae". NatureSpot. Retrieved 7 August 2022.
  5. Doğan, Hüseyin (16 September 2019). "Pentanema squarrosum (Gölge andızotu)". Kocaeli Bitkileri (in Turkish).