| Pentapodus | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Pentapodus aureofasciatus | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Spariformes |
| Family: | Nemipteridae |
| Genus: | Pentapodus Quoy & Gaimard, 1824 |
| Type species | |
| Pentapodus vitta Quoy & Gaimard, 1824 | |
| Synonyms [1] | |
| |
Pentapodus is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Nemipteridae, the threadfin breams. These fishes are found in the Indo-Pacific region.
Pentapodus was first proposed as a monospecific genus in 1824 by the French naturalists Jean René Constant Quoy and Joseph Paul Gaimard [1] when they described Pentapodus vitta from Shark Bay in Western Australia. [2] The 5th edition of Fishes of the World classifies the genus Pentapodus within the family Nemipteridae which it places in the order Spariformes. [3]
Pentapodus is a combination of penta,meaning "five", and podus, which means "foot", what this was alluding to was not explained by Quoy and Gaimard. However, according to Valenciennes, who called the genus “Pentapus” in 1835, it was a reference to the three long, pointed scales, one above root of each of the pelvic and pectoral fins with a single one between these, giving the appearance of five ventral fins. [4]
Pentapodus contains the following recognised species: [5]
Pentapodus fishes are separated from the other genera of Nemipteridae by the following characteristics. The body has a depth which fits into its standard length 3 to 3.5 times. The suborbital may be either scaly or naked with either having a weak spine or no spine. The rear margin of suborbital smooth, or has very small serrations and may have a small number of small denticulations. The rear edge of the preoperculum may have very small denticle or be smooth. The scales on the crown extend forward to or in beyond the centre of the eyes. The temples are scaly. There are 2 or 3 pairs of small canine-like teeth in the front of the upper jaw and a pair of larger, flared canine-like teeth on both sides of the lower jaw. The second spine in the anal fin is shorter and weaker than third spine. [6] The smallest species is P. kmodoensis with a maximum published standard length of 10.4 cm (4.1 in) while the largest is P. emeryii which has a maximum published total length of 35 cm (14 in). [5]
Pentapodus fishes are found un the eastern Indian Ocean and western Pacific Ocean. [5]
Nemipteridae, the threadfin breams, whiptail breams, or Sultan Ibrahim, is a family of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the order Spariformes. These fishes are found in the Indo-West Pacific region.
Scolopsis bilineata, the two-lined monocle bream, bridled monocle bream, bridled spinecheek, double-lined coral bream or yellow-finned spine-cheek, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Nemipteridae, the threadfin breams. This species is found in the to the Indian and Western Pacific Oceans.
Scolopsis is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Nemipteridae, the threadfin breams. These fishes are found in the Indian Ocean and the western Pacific Ocean.
Nemipterus is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Nemipteridae, the threadfin and whiptail breams. These fishes are found in the Indian and Pacific Oceans, but now also occur in the Mediterranean Sea due to Lessepsian migration.
Parascolopsis, the dwarf monocle breams, is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Nemipteridae, the threadfin breams. These fishes are found in the Indo-Pacific region.
Scaevius is a monotypic genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Nemipteridae, the threadfin breams. The only species in the genus is Scaevius milii, the green-striped coral bream, the coral monocle bream or jurgen, is found in Australia.
Pentapodus nagasakiensis, the Japanese whiptail or Japanese butterfish, is a species of marine fish in the coral bream family (Nemipteridae) of order Perciformes. It is native to the western Pacific Ocean.
Nemipterus bipunctatus, the Delagoa threadfin bream, Bleeker's threadfin bream or butterfly bream, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Nemipteridae, the threadfin and whiptail breams. This demersal fish is found over soft bottoms in the Indian Ocean.
Nemipterus furcosus, the fork-tailed threadfin bream, rosy threadfin bream or red butterfly bream, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Nemipteridae, the threadfin and whiptail breams. This species is found in the eastern Indian Ocean and western Pacific Ocean.
Scolopsis margaritifera, the pearly monocle bream or pearly spinecheek, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Nemipteridae, the threadfin breams. This fish is found in the marginally in the eastern Indian Ocean and in the western Pacific Ocean.
Scolopsis ciliata, the saw-jawed monocle bream, ciliate spinecheek, silver-line spinecheek or whitestreak monocle bream is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Nemipteridae, the threadfin breams. This fish is found in the Indian and Pacific Oceans.
Pentapodus setosus, the butterfly whiptail, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Nemipteridae, the threadfin breams. This fish is found in the Western Central Pacific Ocean.
Parascolopsis inermis, the unarmed dwarf monocle bream, banded monocle bream, redbelt monocle bream or yellow monocle bream, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Nemipteridae, the threadfin breams. This fish is found in the Indian and Western Pacific Oceans.
Nemipterus peronii, the notchedfin threadfin bream, notchedfin butterfly breamrosy threadfin bream or Peron's threadfin bream, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to family Nemipteridae, the threadfin breams. This species occurs in the Indo-West Pacific region.
Nemipterus japonicus, the Japanese threadfin bream, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Nemipteridae, the threadfin and whiptail breams. This species is found in the Indo Pacific region and is an important food fish.
Nemipterus isacanthus, the teardrop threadfin bream or twinlined threadfin bream, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Nemipteridae, the threadfin and whiptail breams. This fish is found in the western Pacific Ocean.
The yellowbelly threadfin bream is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Nemipteridae, the threadfin and whiptail breams. This fish is found in the western Pacific Ocean.
Parascolopsis townsendi, the scaly dwarf monocle bream, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Nemipteridae, the threadfin breams. This fish is found in the Western Indian Ocean.
The doublewhip threadfin bream is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Nemipteridae, the threadfin breams. This species is found in the Indo-West Pacific region.
Pentapodus vitta , the Western whiptail, Western butterfish, black stripe butterfish, striped whiptail or Western threadfin bream, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Nemipteridae, the threadfin breams. This fish is found in the Eastern Indian Ocean.