| Nemipteridae | |
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| Double whiptail, Pentapodus emeryii | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Spariformes |
| Family: | Nemipteridae Regan, 1913 [1] |
| Genera | |
see text | |
Nemipteridae, the threadfin breams, whiptail breams, or Sultan Ibrahim, is a family of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the order Spariformes. These fishes are found in the Indo-West Pacific region.
Nemipteridae was first proposed as a family in 1913 by the English ichthyologist Charles Tate Regan [1] with the genera Heterognathodes , Nemipterus and Scolopsis included in the family. [2] Traditionally this family has been classified within the Perciformes, as part of the group of families some authorities called the "Sparoid lineage", this included the families Centrarchidae, Nemipteridae, Lethrinidae and Sparidae. [3] Molecular phylogenetics as used in more modern classifications has meant that the Spariformes is recognised as a valid order within the Percomorpha containing six families, with the Centrarchidae retained in the Perciformes, and Callanthidae, Sillaginidae and Lobotidae included. [4] Other workers have found that the Centrarchidae is synonymous with Sparidae and that the Spariformes contains only the remaining three families of the "Sparoid lineage". [5]
Nemipteridae has Nemipterus as its type genus and this name is a compound of nematos, meaning "thread", and pterus, which means "fin", and this is a reference to the filaments on the dorsal and caudal fin rays of the type species of Nemipterus, Dentex filamentosus . [6]
Nemipteridae contains the following genera: [7] [8]
Nemipteridae species are characterised by having a continuous dorsal fin which is supported by 10 spines and 9 soft rays while the anal fin is supported by 3 spines and 7 or 8 soft rays. In some species there is long filament growing out of the upper lobe of the caudal fin. [4] Some species, especially in Scolopsis are protogynous hermaphrodites. These fishes vary in size from the redfin dwarf monocle bream ( Parascolopsis boesemani ), with a maximum published standard length of 17 cm (6.7 in), to the monogrammed monocle bream ( Scolopsis monogramma ) which has a maximum published total length of 38 cm (15 in). [7]
Nemipteridae fishes are found in the Indo-West Pacific. [7] Two species, Nemipterus japonicus [9] and Nemipterus randalli have reached the Mediterranean Sea from the Red Sea, likely by Lessepsian migration through the Suez Canal. [10] These are typically predatory fish feeding on benthic animals including fishes, crustaceans, polychaetes and cephalopods, however, some feed on zooplankton. [7]
Nemipteridae fishes are important parts of the catches of commercial and artisinal fisheries in the Indian and PacificOceans. They are not normally found in the aquarium trade. [7]
Sparidae is a family of ray-finned fishes belonging to the order Spariformes, the sea breams and porgies, although they were traditionally classified in the order Perciformes. They are found in shallow temperate and tropical waters around the world and are demersal carnivores.
Lethrinidae are a family of ray-finned fishes belonging to the order Spariformes commonly known as emperors, emperor breams, and pigface breams.
Scolopsis is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Nemipteridae, the threadfin breams. These fishes are found in the Indian Ocean and the western Pacific Ocean.
Nemipterus is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Nemipteridae, the threadfin and whiptail breams. These fishes are found in the Indian and Pacific Oceans, but now also occur in the Mediterranean Sea due to Lessepsian migration.
Parascolopsis, the dwarf monocle breams, is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Nemipteridae, the threadfin breams. These fishes are found in the Indo-Pacific region.
Scolopsis margaritifera, the pearly monocle bream or pearly spinecheek, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Nemipteridae, the threadfin breams. This fish is found in the marginally in the eastern Indian Ocean and in the western Pacific Ocean.
Parascolopsis inermis, the unarmed dwarf monocle bream, banded monocle bream, redbelt monocle bream or yellow monocle bream, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Nemipteridae, the threadfin breams. This fish is found in the Indian and Western Pacific Oceans.
Parascolopsis eriomma, the rosy dwarf monocle bream, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Nemipteridae, the threadfin breams. This species is found in the Indian and Western Pacific Oceans.
Nemipterus tambuloides, the fivelined threadfin bream, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Nemipteridae, the threadfin breams. This fish is found in the Indo-Pacific region.
Nemipterus japonicus, the Japanese threadfin bream, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Nemipteridae, the threadfin and whiptail breams. This species is found in the Indo Pacific region and is an important food fish.
The yellowbelly threadfin bream is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Nemipteridae, the threadfin and whiptail breams. This fish is found in the western Pacific Ocean.
Nemipterus randalli, or Randall's threadfin bream, is a species of ray-finned fish from the family Nemipteridae, the threadfin breams, which is native to the western Indian Ocean and the Red Sea, it has invaded the eastern Mediterranean by Lessepsian migration through the Suez Canal.
Parascolopsis tanyactis, the saddled dwarf monocle bream, longray monocle bream or yellowbellied monocle bream, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Nemipteridae, the threadfin breams. This fish is found in the Eastern Indian Ocean and the Western Pacific Ocean.
Parascolopsis rufomaculata, the red-spot dwarf monocle bream or yellowband monocle bream, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Nemipteridae, the threadfin breams. This species is found in the eastern Indian Ocean.
Parascolopsis capitinis, the large-head threadfin bream is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Nemipteridae, the threadfin breams. This species is found in the Western Indian Ocean.
Parascolopsis melanophrys, the dwarf monocle bream, is a fish species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Nemipteridae, the threadfin breams. This species is found in the Western Central Pacific Ocean.
Parascolopsis qantasi, the slender dwarf monocle bream, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Nemipteridae, the threadfin breams. This fish is found in the eastern Indian Ocean.
Parascolopsis townsendi, the scaly dwarf monocle bream, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Nemipteridae, the threadfin breams. This fish is found in the Western Indian Ocean.
Spariformes is an order of ray-finned fishes consisting of 6 families within the series Percomorpha.
Scolopsis vosmeri, Vosmaer's monocle bream, white-banded monocle bream, whitecheek monoclebreamor whiteband spinecheek, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Nemipteridae, the threadfin breams. This species occurs in the eastern Indian Ocean and western Pacific Ocean.
Media related to Nemipteridae at Wikimedia Commons
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