Primula egaliksensis, the Greenland primrose[1], also called Primula groenlandica,[2] is a flower from the genus Primula.[3] It was first documented by Morten Wormskjold and Jens Wilken Hornemann in 1813 while Wormskjold was on an expedition to Greenland. The flower is primarily found in Greenland and the northern part of North America. The Greenland primrose was also discovered in Iceland in 1911.[4]
Primula egaliksensis has a thin stem and is about 5–15cm (2.0–5.9in) tall. The basal leaves are thin, with an irregular, ellipsoid shape, smooth-edged, and never starchy.[5] It has fronds the same length as the stem. The flower is blueish and blooms from May to June (earlier in Iceland)[6] during its six-week growing season.[7]
Morphology and genetics suggest that Primula egaliksensis was originally a hybrid between sections Aleuritia and Armerina, and possible ancestors are P.nutans and P.mistassinica or a prehistoric form of that species.[8]
The flower has been found only one place in Iceland: Stóru-Hamundarstaðir in Eyjafjörður. It has been a protected species since 1978, but it is now considered extinct in the country.[4][10]
The Greenland primrose prefers humid meadows, places near streams and moist coastal locations, and peat bogs.
↑ "Marílyklar, litríkt síðvetraskraut"[Strict primrose, a colorful late-winter decoration]. Bændablaðið (in Icelandic). 2019-03-14. p.39. Retrieved 2025-10-10.
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