| Prionotus evolans | |
|---|---|
 | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Scorpaeniformes |
| Family: | Triglidae |
| Genus: | Prionotus |
| Species: | P. evolans |
| Binomial name | |
| Prionotus evolans (Linnaeus, 1766) | |
| Synonyms [2] | |
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Prionotus evolans, the striped searobin, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Triglidae, the sea robins. This fish is found in the western Atlantic Ocean.
Prionotus evolans was first formally described in 1766 by the Swedish scientist Carl Linnaeus as Trigla evolans, with the type locality given as South Carolina and Jamaica. [3] When Bernard Germain de Lacépède described the then monotypic genus Prionotus , its only species was Linnaeus's T. evolans, which he also designated as the type species of the genus. [4] The specific name evolans means "flying away", an allusion to the long pectoral fins which resemble wings. [5]
Prionotus evolans has a large and deep head, with no cirrhi at the nostrils or over the eyes; the nostrils also lack any spines near them. The mouth is large, extending as far as the anterior margin of the eye, and is slightly inferior with the lower jaw not protruding. The spine on the preoperculum does not extend beyond the operculum. There are two separate dorsal fins, the first has 10 spines and the second has 12 soft rays. The anal fin contains 10 soft rays. The pectoral fin has a rounded posterior margin and has 13-14 rays within its membrane, and the fin extends almost as far as the rear of the base of the anal fin. There are 3 enlarged rays at the bottom of fin which are free of the fin membrane. The body is covered in scales. [6] The maximum published total length of the striped searobin is 45 cm (18 in), although 30 cm (12 in) is more typical, and the maximum published weight is 1.6 kg (3.5 lb). [2] The overall color is reddish to olive brown with a thin dark stripe along the lateral line, another one runs parallel to that on the lower body. The whole of the pectoral fin is marked with closely-set, sinuous dark vertical lines with the inner part of the fin forming a dark patch. There is a dark blotch on the first dorsal fin between the fourth and fifth spines. [6]
Prionotus evolans is found in the Western Atlantic Ocean, from Nova Scotia in the north, southward along the Atlantic coast of the United States to southeastern Florida; it is also found around Bermuda. Striped searobins are rare north of Cape Cod, Massachusetts. [1] It is found at depths between 9 and 180 m (30 and 591 ft), typically 20 to 70 m (66 to 230 ft), [2] inhabiting sandy substrates from estuaries to offshore depths, infrequently being found associated with reefs. [1]
Prionotus evolans uses the free pectoral fin rays to manipulate objects and detect prey using chemoreception. The bony, square head of searobins can be used to excavate small prey items from the substrate. Their rather catholic diet includes crustaceans, cephalopods, gastropods, bivalves, amphipods, eggs, other fish and seaweed. Juveniles eat more copepods. [7]
The striped searobin has minor commercial uses and is a game fish. Reportedly it is good eating. It is also occasionally used as bait. [2]
Triglidae, commonly known as gurnards or sea robins, are a family of bottom-feeding scorpaeniform ray-finned fish. The gurnards are distributed in temperate and tropical seas worldwide.
Peristediidae, the armored sea robins or armoured gurnards, is a family of ray-finned fishes belonging to the suborder Platycephaloidei in the order Scorpaeniformes. They are found in the deep water in the tropical and warm temperate of the world's oceans.
Bellator militaris, the horned sea robin, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Triglidae, the sea robins. This fish is found in the western Atlantic Ocean.
Prionotus carolinus, the northern sea robin, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Triglidae, the sea robins. This fish is found in the western Atlantic Ocean.
The spiny red gurnard is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Triglidae, the gurnards and sea robins. This species is found in the northwestern Pacific Ocean where they occur at depths of from 25 to 615 metres. This species grows to a length of 40 centimetres (16 in) TL. This species is of commercial importance as a food fish.
Bellator is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Triglidae, one of two genera belonging to the subfamily Prionotinae, the sea robins. These fishes are found in the Western Atlantic Ocean and eastern Pacific Ocean, in the waters off both North and South America.
Bellator egretta, the streamer searobin, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Triglidae, the sea robins. This fish is found in the western Atlantic Ocean.
Prionotus is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Triglidae, one of two genera belonging to the subfamily Prionotinae, the searobins. These fishes are found in the Western Atlantic Ocean and eastern Pacific Ocean, in the waters off both North and South America.
The red gurnard, also known as the East Atlantic red gurnard or soldier, is a benthic species of ray-finned fish belonging to the family Triglidae, the gurnards and sea robins. This fish is found in the eastern Atlantic Ocean, including the Mediterranean Sea and the Black Sea.
Heminodus is a genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Peristediidae, the armoured gurnards or armored sea robins. It is currently considered to be a monotypic genus, its only species being Heminodus philippinus.
Peristedion is a genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Peristediidae, the armoured gurnards or armored sea robins. These fishes are found in Atlantic and Indo-West Pacific ocean waters.
The streaked gurnard, also known as the African gurnard or rock gurnard, is a species of ray-finned fish belonging to the family Triglidae, the gurnards and sea robins. This fish is found in the eastern Atlantic Ocean and western Indian Ocean. This species is of commercial importance as a food fish.
Lepidotrigla guentheri is a species of marine, demersal ray-finned fish from the family Triglidae, the gurnards and sea robins. It is found in the Northwestern Pacific Ocean.
Lepidotrigla kishinouyi, the devil sea robin, is a species of marine, demersal ray-finned fish from the family Triglidae, the gurnards and sea robins. It is found in the northwestern Pacific Ocean.
Peristedion greyae, the alligator searobin, alligator armored searobin or prickly armoured sea robin, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Peristediidae, the armoured gurnards or armored sea robins. It is found in the western central Atlantic.
Prionotinae is a subfamily of demersal, marine ray-finned fishes, part of the family Triglidae. The fishes in this subfamily are called sea robins and are found in the Western Atlantic and Eastern Pacific Oceans, the other two Triglid subfamilies are called gurnards.
The large-scaled gurnard is a species of marine, demersal ray-finned fish from the family Triglidae, the gurnards and sea robins. It is found in the eastern Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea.
Lepidotrigla papilio, the spiny gurnard, butterfly gurnard, Eastern spiny gurnard or Southern spiny gurnard. is a species of demersal marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Triglidae, the gurnards and sea robins. This species is endemic to Australia.
Lepidotrigla spiloptera, the spotwing gurnard, spotfin gurnard or red-fringed gurnard, is a species of marine, demersal ray-finned fish from the family Triglidae, the gurnards and sea robins. It has a wide Indo-Pacific distribution.
Peristedion cataphractum, the African armoured gurnard, the mailed gurnard or armed gurnard, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Peristediidae, the armoured gurnards or armored sea robins. It is found in the eastern Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea.
"The Inland Fishes of New York State." C. Lavett Smith.
