Pseuduvaria froggattii

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Pseuduvaria froggattii
Pseuduvaria froggattii with fruits SF21001.jpg
Tree with fruit in Cairns Botanic Gardens
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Magnoliids
Order: Magnoliales
Family: Annonaceae
Genus: Pseuduvaria
Species:
P. froggattii
Binomial name
Pseuduvaria froggattii
Pseuduvaria-froggattii-distribution-map.png
Synonyms [2] [3]

Mitrephora froggattiiF.Muell.

Pseuduvaria froggattii is a rare species of tree which is restricted to a very small part of northeastern Queensland, Australia. It is a member of the custard apple and soursop family Annonaceae, and was first described in 1887. Despite the small range its status considered to be least concern.

Contents

Description

Pseuduvaria froggattii is a small rainforest tree reaching 15 m (49 ft) in height and a DBH (trunk diameter) of up to 15 cm (5.9 in). [4] : 308  It has elliptic to lanceolate, membranous to papery leaves that measure up to 30 cm (12 in) long by 9 cm (3.5 in) wide. [4] : 308  [5] [6] They are obtuse to rounded at the base and acuminate (tapering) at the tip, [4] : 308  [6] with the tapering portion 10–26 mm (0.4–1.0 in) long.[ citation needed ] They are glabrous (hairless) on their upper and lower surfaces and have 7-10 pairs of secondary veins branching from the rachis, or midrib. [4] : 308  [6] The hairless petiole is 4–10 mm (0.16–0.39 in) long with a narrow groove on the upper side. [4] : 308  [6]

This species is dioecious, [4] : 307  meaning that pistilate (functionally female) and staminate (functionally male) flowers are borne on separate plants. The inflorescences of both male and female plants are dense clusters produced from the trunk, branches and twigs. [4] : 308  [6] The male plants may also produce flowers in the leaf axils, in which case the inflorescence will consist of just one or few flowers. [4] : 308  [6] Flowers are held on pedicels that are minutely hairy, measure up to 32 mm (1.3 in) long, and are tapered with the thicker end attached to the flower. [4] : 307, 308 

The individual flowers are very distinctive, with an appearance somewhat reminiscent of a jingle bell (see gallery). Each flower has 6 petals arranged in two rows, with the petals of one row alternating with the other. The inner petals are larger, with a quite narrow base but a much wider tip. They arch over the flower centre and connect to each other, forming a dome or canopy over the reproductive organs in the centre of the flower. The narrow bases of the petals ensure that there are three gaps on the sides of the dome that allow pollinators access to the stamens or stigmas. [4] : 307  [7] : 255  The dome measures about 12–15 mm (0.47–0.59 in) wide and long. [4] : 308  [7] : 255 

The outer petals are smaller and are reflexed outwards, and since these petals alternate with the inner petals, they are thus positioned adjacent to the gaps formed by the latter. The outer petals are rounded, measuring about 9 mm (0.35 in) long by 8 mm (0.31 in) wide. [4] : 308 

The fruit are yellow or orange when ripe, obovoid to ellipsoid in shape (i.e. like a Rugby ball), and measure about 20 mm (0.79 in) long. They contain one or two rugose (wrinkled) seeds. [4] : 308  [5] [6]

Reproductive biology

The pollen of P. froggattii is shed as permanent tetrads. [8] Its flowers are pollinated by flies, including Drosophilidae and dung flies. [9] [7]

Phytochemistry

Oils extracted from its leaves contain high levels of caryophyllene and spathulenol. [10]

Taxonomy

The species was first described by the German-born Australian botanist Ferdinand von Mueller, who gave it the name Mitrephora froggattii. His description was based on plant material collected 1886 by W. Sayer and W. Froggatt from the Mossman River, and was published in January 1887 in the Australasian Journal of Pharmacy. [4] [11] In 1986 the Australian botanist Laurence W. Jessup gave the species the new combination Pseuduvaria froggattii, which was published in a brief one page paper in the journal of the Queensland Herbarium Austrobaileya . [12] This was followed by a formal description published in 1987, also in Austrobaileya. [4]

Etymology

The genus name Pseuduvaria is derived from a combination of the Ancient Greek word pseúdō , meaning "false", and the name of the related genus Uvaria . The species epithet froggattii was given by Mueller to honour Froggatt as one of the collectors of specimens he examined. [6] [13]

Distribution and habitat

This species is restricted to a small part of Queensland's Wet Tropics, from Melissa Creek near Cape Tribulation in the north, to the area around Black Mountain, southwest of Port Douglas. [6] [14] The total area of occupancy of this species is just 128 km2 (49 sq mi) with 145 observation records. [15]

It grows as an understory tree in rainforest on a variety of soil types including loose mixtures, moist substrates, loams and rocky soils in mature rainforests at elevations of 5-60 meters. [5] [6] [16] [ page needed ]

Ecology

Pseuduvaria froggattii is the host species for the larvae of the green-spotted triangle and pale green triangle butterflies. [5] The fruits are eaten by cassowaries. [13]

Conservation

This species is listed by the Queensland Department of Environment and Science as least concern. [1] As of 25 November 2023, it has not been assessed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).

Related Research Articles

Pseuduvaria cerina is a species of tree in the Annonaceae family. It is endemic to Peninsular Malaysia. James Sinclair, the Scottish botanist who first formally described the species, named it after its waxy yellow inner petals.

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<i>Pseuduvaria borneensis</i> Species of plant in the family Annonaceae

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<i>Pseuduvaria bruneiensis</i> Species of plant in the family Annonaceae

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<i>Pseuduvaria cymosa</i> Species of plant in the family Annonaceae

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Pseuduvaria dielsiana is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to New Guinea. Carl Lauterbach, the German botanist who first formally described the species using the synonym Goniothalamus dielsianus, named it in honor of Ludwig Diels, another German botanist who also worked on taxa from New Guinea.

<i>Pseuduvaria glabrescens</i> Species of plant in the family Annonaceae

Pseuduvaria glabrescens is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to Australia. L.W. Jessup, the botanist who first formally described the species using the synonym Pseuduvaria mulgraveana var. glabrescens, named it after the underside of its leaves which have the quality of becoming hairless as they mature.

<i>Pseuduvaria hylandii</i> Species of plant in the family Annonaceae

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<i>Pseuduvaria lignocarpa</i> Species of plant in the family Annonaceae

Pseuduvaria lignocarpa is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to New Guinea. James Sinclair, the Scottish botanist who first formally described the species, named it after the woody wall of its fruit.

Pseuduvaria macgregorii is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to The Philippines. Elmer Drew Merrill, the American botanist who first formally described the species, named it after Richard MacGregor the Australian ornithologist and plant collector who collected the specimen Merrill examined.

<i>Pseuduvaria macrophylla</i> Species of plant in the family Annonaceae

Pseuduvaria macrophylla is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra and Thailand. Daniel Oliver, the English botanists who first formally described the species using the synonym Mitrephora macrophylla, named it after its large leaves.

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<i>Pseuduvaria mulgraveana</i> Species of plant in the family Annonaceae

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<i>Pseuduvaria multiovulata</i> Species of plant in the family Annonaceae

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<i>Pseuduvaria philippinensis</i> Species of plant in the family Annonaceae

Pseuduvaria philippinensis is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to the Philippines. Elmer Drew Merrill, the botanist who first formally described the species, named it after the Philippines where the specimen he examined was collected in the Province of Quezon.

<i>Pseuduvaria reticulata</i> Species of plant in the family Annonaceae

Pseuduvaria reticulata is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to Bangladesh, Borneo, Java, the Lesser Sunda Islands, Myanmar and Sumatra. Carl Ludwig Blume, the botanist who first formally described the species under the basionym Uvaria reticulata, named it after the net-like pattern of veins on the underside of its leaves.

<i>Pseuduvaria sessilifolia</i> Species of plant in the family Annonaceae

Pseuduvaria sessilifolia is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to New Guinea. James Sinclair, the botanist who first formally described the species, named it after its stalkless leaves which lack petioles.

<i>Pseuduvaria villosa</i> Species of plant in the family Annonaceae

Pseuduvaria villosa is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is endemic to Australia. L.W. Jessup, the botanist who first formally described the species, named it after its leaves and branchlets which are shaggy with long soft hairs.

References

  1. 1 2 "Species profile—Pseuduvaria froggattii". Queensland Department of Environment and Science. Queensland Government. 2022. Retrieved 25 November 2021.
  2. 1 2 "Pseuduvaria froggattii". Australian Plant Name Index (APNI). Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research, Australian Government . Retrieved 25 November 2023.
  3. 1 2 "Pseuduvaria froggattii (F.Muell.) Jessup". Plants of the World Online . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 8 July 2021.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Jessup, L.W. (1987). "The Genus Pseuduvaria Miq. (Annonaceae) in Australia". Austrobaileya. 2 (4): 307–313. Retrieved 25 November 2023.
  5. 1 2 3 4 F.A.Zich; B.P.M.Hyland; T.Whiffen; R.A.Kerrigan (2020). "Pseuduvaria froggattii". Australian Tropical Rainforest Plants Edition 8 (RFK8). Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research (CANBR), Australian Government . Retrieved 8 July 2021.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Jessup, L.W. (2021). "Pseuduvaria froggattii". Flora of Australia . Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment: Canberra. Retrieved 8 July 2021.
  7. 1 2 3 Gottsberger, Gerhard (2012). "How diverse are Annonaceae with regard to pollination?". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 169 (1): 245–261. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2011.01209.x. ISSN   0024-4074.
  8. ↑ Su, Yvonne C. F.; Saunders, Richard M. K. (2003). "Pollen structure, tetrad cohesion and pollen-connecting threads in Pseuduvaria (Annonaceae)". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 143 (1): 69–78. doi: 10.1046/j.1095-8339.2003.00204.x . ISSN   1095-8339.
  9. ↑ Silberbauer-Gottsberger, Ilse; Gottsberger, Gerhard; Webber, Antonio C. (2003). "Morphological and functional flower characteristics of New and Old World Annonaceae with respect to their mode of pollination". Taxon. 52 (4): 701–718. doi:10.2307/4135543. ISSN   0040-0262. JSTOR   4135543.
  10. ↑ Brophy, Joseph J.; Goldsack, Robert J.; Hook, James M.; Fookes, Christopher J.R.; Forster, Paul I. (2004). "The Leaf Essential Oils of the Australian Species of Pseuduvaria (Annonaceae)". Journal of Essential Oil Research. 16 (4): 362–366. doi:10.1080/10412905.2004.9698743. ISSN   1041-2905. S2CID   95394730.
  11. ↑ "Mitrephora froggattii". Australian Plant Name Index (APNI). Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research, Australian Government . Retrieved 25 November 2023.
  12. ↑ Jessup, L.W. (1986). "New Combinations in Australian Annonaceae". Austrobaileya. 2 (3): 227. JSTOR   41738674.
  13. 1 2 Cooper, Wendy; Cooper, William T. (June 2004). Fruits of the Australian Tropical Rainforest. Clifton Hill, Victoria, Australia: Nokomis Editions. p. 27. ISBN   9780958174213 . Retrieved 8 July 2021.
  14. ↑ "Search: species: Pseuduvaria froggattii | Occurrence records". Australasian Virtual Herbarium . Australian Government . Retrieved 26 November 2023.
  15. ↑ "Spatial Portal". Atlas of Living Australia. CSIRO. Retrieved 25 November 2023.
  16. ↑ Su, Yvonne C.F.; Saunders, Richard M.K. (2006). Monograph of Pseuduvaria (Annonaceae). Systematic Botany Monographs. Vol. 79. American Society of Plant Taxonomists. pp. 1–204. JSTOR   25027955.
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