Puente Formation | |
---|---|
Stratigraphic range: | |
Type | Geological formation |
Unit of | Los Angeles Basin |
Sub-units | (ascending) La Vida, Soquel, Yorba, Sycamore Canyon [1] |
Underlies | |
Overlies | |
Thickness | About 3900 meters [2] |
Lithology | |
Primary | Sandstone, conglomerate & mudrock [2] |
Location | |
Region | California |
Country | United States |
Type section | |
Named for | Puente Hills |
The Puente Formation is a geologic formation in California. It preserves fossils dating back to the middle to upper Miocene epoch of the Neogene period, most of which were deposited in a deepwater environment. [2] Owing to its depositional environment, it is one of the very few geologic formations to preserve articulated specimens of fossilized deep-sea anglerfish. [3]
As its name suggests, it primarily outcrops in the Puente Hills. [1]
The Yorba Member of the Puente Formation preserves some of the world's only known fossils of deep-sea anglerfish, most of which were discovered during the construction of a rail line. These anglerfish are assigned to several genera and species that inhabit hypoxic, upwelling-influenced subtropical and tropical environments in the eastern Pacific today, suggesting that the composition of these ecological communities has changed little in the time since the deposition of this formation. These taxa are not found off the coast of California today, suggesting that the region was much warmer and more tropical during the late Miocene. The minimum depth of this depositional environment would have been about 1,000 metres (3,300 ft) deep. [4] [5]
Based on Fierstine et al (2012): [3]
Genus | Species | Location | Member | Material | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Acentrophryne | A. sp. | City of Industry, Pomona Freeway Chalk Hill | Yorba | Articulated skeleton | An leftvent deep-sea anglerfish. [6] | |
Acipenseridae indet. | Subopercule | A sturgeon of uncertain affinities. | ||||
Argentina | A. sp. | Pomona Freeway Chalk Hill | "Remains" | A herring smelt. | ||
Argyropelecus | A. sp. | Pomona Freeway Chalk Hill | Unknown | A marine hatchetfish. | ||
Atherinops | A. sp. | Pomona Freeway Chalk Hill | Unknown | A Neotropical silverside related to the modern topsmelt silverside. | ||
Atherinopsis | A. sp. | Pomona Freeway Chalk Hill | Unknown | A Neotropical silverside related to the modern jack silverside. | ||
Bathylaginae indet. | Pomona Freeway Chalk Hill | Unknown | A deep-sea smelt. | |||
Borophryne | B. cf. apogon | LACM Locality 6202 | Yorba | Complete articulated skeleton | A leftvent deep-sea anglerfish, potentially referable to the modern netdevil. [5] | |
Chaenophryne | C. aff. melanorhabdus | LACM Locality 6202 | Yorba | 4 complete articulated skeletons | An oneirodid deep-sea anglerfish, potential affinities to the modern smooth dreamer. [5] | |
Chauliodus | C. eximius | Pomona Freeway Chalk Hill | Unknown | A viperfish. | ||
Cyclothone | C. sp. | Pomona Freeway Chalk Hill | Unknown | A bristlemouth. | ||
Decapterus | D. cf. hopkinsi | Continental Oil Company “Turnbull” well number 3 | Lower | One scale; lost | A scad. | |
D. sp. | Pomona Freeway Chalk Hill | Unknown | ||||
Etringus | E. scintillans | Puente Hills | Two scales; lost | A herring. | ||
Ganoessus | G. clepsydra | Featherstone Quarry | Unknown | A herring. | ||
G. meiklejohni | Featherstone Quarry | Articulated skeleton | ||||
Ganolytes | G. cameo | Pomona Freeway Chalk Hill | Unknown | A herring. | ||
Genyonemus | G. whistleri | Pomona Freeway Chalk Hill | Partial articulated specimen. | A drumfish related to the white croaker. | ||
Lampanyctus | L. sp. | Pomona Freeway Chalk Hill | ">100 otoliths and several skeletal imprints with otoliths" | A lanternfish. | ||
Leptacanthichthys | L. cf. gracilispinis | LACM Locality 6202 | Yorba | Articulated skeleton | An oneirodid deep-sea anglerfish, potentially referable to the modern plainchin dreamarm. [5] | |
Linophryne | L. cf. indica | LACM Locality 6202 | Yorba | Articulated skeleton | A leftvent deep-sea anglerfish, potentially referable to the modern headlight angler. [5] | |
Lompoquia | L. sp. | Upper | Unknown | A drumfish. | ||
Molidae indet. | An ocean sunfish of uncertain affinities. | |||||
Moridae indet. | Pomona Freeway Chalk Hill | Unknown | A codling of uncertain affinities. | |||
Oneirodes | O. sp. | LACM Locality 6202 | Yorba | Articulated incomplete skeleton | An oneirodid deep-sea anglerfish. | |
Paralabrax | P. sp. | Pomona Freeway Chalk Hill | Unknown | A sand bass. | ||
Pseudoseriola | P. gilliandi | A relative of the bluefish. | ||||
Sarda | S. stockii | Union Oil Company “Chapman” well number 29 | Lower | 2 scales | A bonito. | |
Scomber | S. cf. japonicus | Continental Oil Company “Turnbull” well number 3 | Lower | 1 scale, lost | A mackerel, potentially referable to the modern chub mackerel. | |
S. sp. | Pomona Freeway Chalk Hill | Unknown | A mackerel. | |||
Seriphus | S. lavenbergi | City of Industry | Yorba | Disarticulated skull with otolith | A drumfish related to the queenfish. | |
Symphurus | S. sp. | Santiago Road Overcrossing | La Vida | 6 partial skeletons | A tonguefish. | |
Syngnathus | S. emeritus | San Dimas | Several articulated skeletons | A pipefish. | ||
Thyrsocles | T. kriegeri | Pomona Freeway Chalk Hill | Unknown | A euzaphlegid. | ||
Xyne | X. grex | Pomona Freeway Chalk Hill | Unknown | A herring. | ||
? Xyrinius | X. houshi | "Los Angeles" | Unknown | A herring, from either the Monterey or Puente Formations. Potentially conspecific with Xyne grex. | ||
Zanteclites | Z. hubbsi | Covina, El Modena | 6 specimens | A Neotropical silverside. |
Deep-sea fish are fish that live in the darkness below the sunlit surface waters, that is below the epipelagic or photic zone of the sea. The lanternfish is, by far, the most common deep-sea fish. Other deep-sea fishes include the flashlight fish, cookiecutter shark, bristlemouths, anglerfish, viperfish, and some species of eelpout.
Leftvents are a family, the Linophrynidae, of marine ray-finned fishes which is classified within the suborder Ceratioidei, the deep sea anglerfishes. These fishes are found in the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans.
Handfish are marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Brachionichthyidae, a group which comprises five genera and 14 extant species and which is classified within the suborder Antennarioidei in the order Lophiiformes, the anglerfishes. These benthic marine fish are unusual in the way they propel themselves by walking on the sea floor rather than swimming.
The anglerfish are fish of the teleost order Lophiiformes. They are bony fish named for their characteristic mode of predation, in which a modified luminescent fin ray acts as a lure for other fish. The luminescence comes from symbiotic bacteria, which are thought to be acquired from seawater, that dwell in and around the sea.
Alisea is an extinct genus of prehistoric marine clupeiform fish that lived in what is now California during the Upper Miocene subepoch. Although generally considered a relative of the herrings in the family Clupeidae, an affinity to shads has also been suggested due to its large size and well-developed abdominal scutes. Its name derives from alise, an alternate spelling for the Hindi name of the related ilish fish.
Acentrophryne is a genus of deep-sea anglerfish in the family Linophrynidae, the leftvents, known from the eastern Pacific Ocean. Fossils of the type species, A. longidens, have been found in Late Miocene strata of Rosedale, California.
Borophryne apogon, the netdevil, or greedy seadevil, is a species of leftvent anglerfish known today from the waters of the eastern Pacific Ocean off the Central American coast. It is found at depths down to around 1,750 m (5,700 ft). This species grows to a length of 8.3 centimetres (3.3 in) TL. A fossil specimen of this species has been found in the Los Angeles Basin dating back to the Late Miocene, some eight million years ago.
Linophryne, the bearded seadevils, is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Linophrynidae, the leftvents. These deep sea anglerfishes are found in the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans.
The St. Marys Formation is a geologic formation in Maryland and Virginia, United States. It preserves fossils dating back to the Miocene Epoch of the Neogene period. It is the youngest Miocene formation present in the Calvert Cliffs and is part of the Chesapeake Group.
The Capistrano Formation is a geologic formation in coastal southern Orange County, California. It preserves fossils dating back to the late Miocene to early Pliocene, with the Oso Member representing a near-shore environment. Fifty-nine species and varieties of foraminifera are recognized from the Capistrano Formation alongside a diverse array of marine mammals including up to five species of walrus.
The Modelo Formation is a Miocene geologic formation in the Simi Hills and western Santa Susana Mountains of southern California, including under parts of Los Angeles.
This list of fossil fishes described in 2015 is a list of new taxa of jawless vertebrates, placoderms, acanthodians, fossil cartilaginous fishes, bony fishes and other fishes of every kind that have been described during the year 2015, as well as other significant discoveries and events related to paleontology of fishes that occurred in the year 2015. The list only includes taxa at the level of genus or species.
Linophryne indica, or headlight angler, is a leftvent anglerfish in the family Linophrynidae, found in the bathyal zone of the Pacific Ocean at depths below 1,000 m (3,300 ft). The female is significantly larger than the mature male. A fossil specimen of this species has been found in the Los Angeles Basin dating back to the Late Miocene, some eight million years ago.
Caruso brachysomus is an extinct species of ray-finned fish belonging to the family Lophiidae, the goosefishes, monkfishes and anglers, within the order Lophiiformes, the anglerfishes. It was described by Louis Agassiz in 1835 from the Monte Bolca locality. It became extinct during the middle Eocene.
This list of fossil fishes described in 2020 is a list of new taxa of jawless vertebrates, placoderms, acanthodians, fossil cartilaginous fishes, bony fishes, and other fishes of every kind that were described during the year 2020, as well as other significant discoveries and events related to paleoichthyology that occurred in 2020.
Acentrophryne dolichonema is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Linophrynidae, the leftvents, a family of deep sea anglerfishes. This species is only known from the eastern Pacific Ocean off the coast of Peru.
Ceratioidei, the deep-sea anglerfishes or pelagic anglerfishes, is a suborder of marine ray-finned fishes, one of four suborders in the order Lophiiformes, the anglerfishes. These fishes are found in tropical and temperate seas throughout the world. One of the better known traits of the deep-sea anglerfishes is their extreme sexual dimorphism where the males are many times smaller than the females, the males seek out females and use their sharp teeth to clamp onto the females where he remains for the rest of his life, in some species he becomes part of the female. This is the only known natural example of a process called parabiosis. Another common trait of deep-sea anglerfishes is that they use bioluminescence on their esca to attract prey in the darkness of the deep oceans they inhabit.
Acentrophryne longidens is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Linophryidae, the leftvents, a family of deep sea anglerfishes. This species is only known from the eastern Pacific Ocean off the coast of Costa Rica and Panama.