Pumpkin pie spice, also known as pumpkin spice, is an American spice mix, originally developed for flavoring the filling of a pumpkin pie. It does not include pumpkin as an ingredient.
Pumpkin pie spice is similar to the British and Commonwealth mixed spice, and the medieval poudre-douce. [1] It is generally a blend of ground cinnamon, nutmeg, ginger, cloves, and sometimes allspice. [2] It can also be used as a seasoning in general cooking.
As of 2016 [update] , pumpkin spice consumables produce $500 million in annual sales. [3]
Flavour combinations similar to pumpkin spice were known in the medieval period - the 1390s book Le Ménagier de Paris contains a spice mix of 17 parts ginger, 4 parts each cinnamon and sugar, and 2 parts each cloves and grains of paradise. Similar spice mixes were often called 'poudre-douce' or 'sweet powder'. [1]
A "Pompkin" recipe calling for a similar spice mix (mace, nutmeg, and ginger) can be found in the first known published American cookbook, American Cookery , published in 1796 by Amelia Simmons: [4]
Pompkin
No. 1. One quart stewed and strained, 3 pints cream, 9 beaten eggs, sugar, mace, nutmeg and ginger, laid into paste No. 7 or 3, and with a dough spur, cross and chequer it, and baked in dishes three quarters of an hour.
No. 2. One quart of milk, 1 pint pompkin, 4 eggs, molasses, allspice and ginger in a crust, bake 1 hour.
Pumpkin pie spice has been mentioned in cookbooks dating to the 1890s. [5] [6] [7] [ failed verification ] Blended pumpkin pie spice was introduced commercially by McCormick & Company in 1934. [8]