Pyridoxine 5-dehydrogenase

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pyridoxine 5-dehydrogenase
Identifiers
EC no. 1.1.99.9
CAS no. 9023-39-6
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In enzymology, a pyridoxine 5-dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.99.9) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

pyridoxine + acceptor isopyridoxal + reduced acceptor

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are pyridoxine and acceptor, whereas its two products are isopyridoxal and reduced acceptor.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the CH-OH group of donor with other acceptors. The systematic name of this enzyme class is pyridoxine:acceptor 5-oxidoreductase. Other names in common use include pyridoxal-5-dehydrogenase, pyridoxol 5-dehydrogenase, pyridoxin 5-dehydrogenase, pyridoxine dehydrogenase, pyridoxine 5'-dehydrogenase, and pyridoxine:(acceptor) 5-oxidoreductase. This enzyme participates in vitamin B6 metabolism. It has 2 cofactors: FAD, and PQQ.

Related Research Articles

Vitamin B<sub>6</sub> Class of chemically related vitamins

Vitamin B6 is one of the B vitamins, and thus an essential nutrient. The term refers to a group of six chemically similar compounds, i.e., "vitamers", which can be interconverted in biological systems. Its active form, pyridoxal 5′-phosphate, serves as a coenzyme in more than 140 enzyme reactions in amino acid, glucose, and lipid metabolism.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pyridoxal phosphate</span> Active form of vitamin B6

Pyridoxal phosphate (PLP, pyridoxal 5'-phosphate, P5P), the active form of vitamin B6, is a coenzyme in a variety of enzymatic reactions. The International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology has catalogued more than 140 PLP-dependent activities, corresponding to ~4% of all classified activities. The versatility of PLP arises from its ability to covalently bind the substrate, and then to act as an electrophilic catalyst, thereby stabilizing different types of carbanionic reaction intermediates.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pyridoxine 5′-phosphate oxidase</span> Class of enzymes

Pyridoxine 5′-phosphate oxidase is an enzyme, encoded by the PNPO gene, that catalyzes several reactions in the vitamin B6 metabolism pathway. Pyridoxine 5′-phosphate oxidase catalyzes the final, rate-limiting step in vitamin B6 metabolism, the biosynthesis of pyridoxal 5′-phosphate, the biologically active form of vitamin B6 which acts as an essential cofactor. Pyridoxine 5′-phosphate oxidase is a member of the enzyme class oxidases, or more specifically, oxidoreductases. These enzymes catalyze a simultaneous oxidation-reduction reaction. The substrate oxidase enzymes is hydroxlyated by one oxygen atom of molecular oxygen. Concurrently, the other oxygen atom is reduced to water. Even though molecular oxygen is the electron acceptor in these enzymes' reactions, they are unique because oxygen does not appear in the oxidized product.

In enzymology, an erythrose-4-phosphate dehydrogenase (EC 1.2.1.72) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

In enzymology, a 4-hydroxythreonine-4-phosphate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.262) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

In enzymology, a 4-phosphoerythronate dehydogenase (EC 1.1.1.290) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

In enzymology, a pyridoxal 4-dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.107) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

In enzymology, a pyridoxine 4-dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.65) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

In enzymology, a malate dehydrogenase (quinone) (EC 1.1.5.4), formerly malate dehydrogenase (acceptor) (EC 1.1.99.16), is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

In enzymology, a pyridoxine 4-oxidase (EC 1.1.3.12) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

In enzymology, a pyridoxal oxidase (EC 1.2.3.8) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone)</span>

In enzymology, a NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone) (EC 1.6.5.2) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

The enzyme pyridoxal phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.74) catalyzes the reaction

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pyridoxine 5'-phosphate synthase</span> Class of enzymes

In enzymology, a pyridoxine 5'-phosphate synthase (EC 2.6.99.2) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

In enzymology, a pyridoxal kinase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

<span class="mw-page-title-main">4-Deoxypyridoxine</span> Chemical compound

4-Deoxypyridoxine is a vitamin B6 antagonist. It may be toxic to developing embryos since it can have negative effects on collagen and elastin during development. The presence of this compound can produce vitamin B6 deficiency, which suppresses the immune system. 4-Deoxypyridoxine lowers vitamin B6 concentration by competitively inhibiting some of the enzymes necessary for the regeneration of vitamin B6.The related immunosuppression can be beneficial in animal models of Trichinella spiralis infections. 4-Deoxypyridoxine has also been described as an inhibitor of sphingosine-1-phosphate lyase. The inhibition of sphingosine-1-phosphate lyase by 4-Deoxypyridoxine has been shown to prevent cell death of ex-vivo animal pancreatic islets. The use of 4-Deoxypyridoxine to prevent stress-induced apoptosis is suggest that the compound, as well as other inhibitors of sphingosine-1-phosphate lyase, could be used to increase the viability of donor pancreatic tissue in the treatment of diabetes.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pyridoxine-dependent epilepsy</span> Medical condition

Pyridoxine-dependent epilepsy (PDE) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by intractable seizures in the prenatal and neonatal period. The disorder was first recognized in the 1950s, with the first description provided by Hunt et al. in 1954. More recently, pathogenic variants within the ALDH7A1 gene have been identified to cause PDE.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ginkgotoxin</span> Chemical compound

Ginkgotoxin (4'-O-methylpyridoxine) is a neurotoxin naturally occurring in Ginkgo biloba. It is an antivitamin structurally related to vitamin B6 (pyridoxine). It has the capacity to induce epileptic seizures.

Megavitamin-B6 syndrome is a collection of symptoms that can result from chronic supplementation, or acute overdose, of vitamin B6. While it is also known as hypervitaminosis B6, vitamin B6 toxicity and vitamin B6 excess, megavitamin-b6 syndrome is the name used in the ICD-10.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">3-Hydroxyisonicotinaldehyde</span> Chemical compound

3-Hydroxyisonicotinaldehyde (HINA), also known as 3-hydroxypyridine-4-carboxaldehyde, is a derivative of pyridine, with hydroxyl and aldehyde substituents. It has been studied as a simple analogue of vitamin B6. In 2020, it was reported as having the lowest molecular weight of all dyes which exhibit green fluorescence.

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