Raphitomidae

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Raphitomidae
Microdaphne trichodes 01.jpg
Microdaphne trichodes shell
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Subclass: Caenogastropoda
Order: Neogastropoda
Superfamily: Conoidea
Family: Raphitomidae
A. Bellardi, 1875
Type genus
Raphitoma
Bellardi, 1847
Synonyms
  • Andoniinae Vera Peláez, 2002
  • Daphnellinae T. L. Casey, 1904
  • Pleurotomellinae F. Nordsieck, 1968
  • Taraninae T. L. Casey, 1904
  • Thatcheriidae Powell, 1942
  • Raphitominae A. Bellardi, 1875(new rank)

Raphitomidae is a family of small to medium-sized sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Conoidea. [1] [2]

Contents

Bouchet, Kantor et al. elevated in 2011 the subfamily Raphitominae (which at that point had been placed in the family Conidae) to the rank of family. This was based on a cladistic analysis of shell morphology, radular characteristics, anatomical characters, and a dataset of molecular sequences of three gene fragments. The family was found to be monophyletic. [1]

Description

The Raphitomidae is the largest, most diverse and most variable taxon in the Conoidea, with the greatest number of species and the largest ecological range (from the tropics to the pole) and largest vertical range (intertidal to hadal depths). [1]

The shells of species in the Raphitomidae are very variable in shape (buccinoid to ovate, elongate-fusiform, or high-cylindrical) and size (2 to 140mm in height). Similarly, shell sculpture is extremely variable, from nearly smooth to well developed spiral and axial elements and subsutural ramps. Common morphology includes apertural armature rarely well developed, inner lip usually smooth, no operculum, radular tooth hypodermic in character with marginal teeth of variable morphology (including variable length). [1]

The muscular bulb of the venom gland is always single-layered. The close relationship of Raphitomidae with cone snails (which are already under intensive study for the pharmaceutical applications of their toxins), makes them an interesting candidate for the discovery of new toxins. [3]

Another characteristic is the multispiral protoconch, which shows spiral striae on protoconch I and diagonally cancellated ("raphitomine") sculpture on protoconch II. [4] [5]

Some species with a paucispiral protoconch are included in the family. This is usually based on similarities in shell morphology to species having a "raphitomine" protoconch. This determination should also ideally be founded on other attributes, such as the type of radula or foregut anatomy or their lack of an operculum. [6]

Genera

This is a list of the accepted names of genera in the family Raphitomidae (the main reference for recent species is the World Register of Marine Species) [7]

Genera which have been brought into synonymy

  • AlloJousseaume, 1934: synonym of Taranis Jeffreys, 1870
  • AnomalotomellaPowell, 1966: synonym of Pleurotomella Verrill, 1872
  • AspertillaPowell, 1944: synonym of Asperdaphne Hedley, 1922
  • AzoritaF. Nordsieck, 1968: synonym of Pleurotomella Verrill, 1872
  • BathypotaF. Nordsieck, 1968: synonym of Bathybela Kobelt, 1905
  • CenodagreutesE.H. Smith, 1967: synonym of Raphitoma Bellardi, 1847
  • CirilliaMonterosato, 1884: synonym of Philbertia Monterosato, 1884
  • ClathurinaMelvill, 1917 : synonym of Kermia Oliver, 1915
  • CochlioconusYokoyama, 1928: synonym of Thatcheria Angas, 1877
  • Cordiera: synonym of Cordieria Rouault, 1848
  • CyrtoidesF. Nordsieck, 1968: synonym of Raphitoma Bellardi, 1847
  • EudaphneBartsch, 1931: synonym of Daphnella Hinds, 1844
  • EudaphnellaBartsch, 1933: synonym of Daphnella Hinds, 1844
  • FeliciellaLamy, 1934: synonym of Taranis Jeffreys, 1870
  • FenestrosyrinxFinlay, 1926 : synonym of Taranis Jeffreys, 1870
  • FusidaphneLaseron, 1954: synonym of Pleurotomella Verrill, 1872 (synonym)
  • HemidaphneHedley, 1918: synonym of Daphnella Hinds, 1844
  • HomotomaBellardi, 1875: synonym of Philbertia Monterosato, 1884
  • LeufroyiaMonterosato, 1884: synonym of Philbertia Monterosato, 1884
  • LineotomaF. Nordsieck, 1977: synonym of Philbertia Monterosato, 1884
  • LitachilusPowell, 1944: synonym of Teleochilus Harris, 1897
  • MagnellaDittmer, 1960: synonym of Mioawateria Vella, 1954
  • MajoxF. Nordsieck, 1968: synonym of Gymnobela Verrill, 1884
  • MetaclathurellaShuto, 1983: synonym of Otitoma Jousseaume, 1898
  • MordicaDall, 1924: synonym of Veprecula Melvill, 1917
  • OotomaKoperberg, 1931: synonym of Buccinaria Kittl, 1887
  • OotomellaBartsch, 1933: synonym of Buccinaria Kittl, 1887
  • ParadaphneLaseron, 1954: synonym of Daphnella Hinds, 1844
  • PeratotomaHarris & Burrows, 1891: synonym of Philbertia Monterosato, 1884
  • PhilbertiaMonterosato, 1884: synonym of Raphitoma Bellardi, 1847
  • PionotomaKuroda, 1952: synonym of Buccinaria Kittl, 1887
  • QiiZhang, 1995: synonym of Pseudodaphnella Boettger, 1895
  • Rhaphitoma: synonym of Raphitoma Bellardi, 1848
  • SpeoidesKuroda & Habe, 1961: synonym of Spergo Dall, 1895
  • TeresBucquoy, Dautzenberg & Dollfus, 1883: synonym of Teretia Norman, 1888
  • TasmadaphneLaseron, 1954: synonym of Pleurotomella Verrill, 1872 (synonym)
  • TurrhyssaDall, 1924: synonym of Eucyclotoma Boettger, 1895
  • WatsonariaF. Nordsieck, 1968: synonym of Gymnobela Verrill, 1884

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Conidae</span> Family of sea snails

Conidae, with the current common name of "cone snails", is a taxonomic family of predatory sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the superfamily Conoidea.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Conoidea</span> Superfamily of predatory sea snails

Conoidea is a superfamily of predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks within the suborder Hypsogastropoda. This superfamily is a very large group of marine mollusks, estimated at about 340 recent valid genera and subgenera, and considered by one authority to contain 4,000 named living species.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Turrid</span> Common name for many species of snail

Turrid, plural turrids, is a common name for a very large group of predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks which until recently were all classified in the family Turridae. However, recently the family was discovered to be polyphyletic and therefore was split into a number of families.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pseudomelatomidae</span> Family of gastropods

Pseudomelatomidae is a family of predatory sea snails, marine gastropods included in the superfamily Conoidea and part of the Neogastropoda.

Clathurellinae was a subfamily of small to quite large sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Conidae.

Mangeliidae is a monophyletic family of small to medium-sized, predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Conoidea.

<i>Buccinaria</i> Genus of gastropods

Buccinaria is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Raphitomidae.

<i>Cryptodaphne</i> Genus of gastropods

Cryptodaphne is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Raphitomidae.

Famelica is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Raphitomidae.

<i>Pleurotomella</i> Genus of gastropods

Pleurotomella is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Raphitomidae.

<i>Raphitoma</i> Genus of gastropods

Raphitoma is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Raphitomidae.

<i>Spergo</i> Genus of gastropods

Spergo is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Raphitomidae.

<i>Taranis</i> (gastropod) Genus of gastropods

Taranis is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Raphitomidae.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Raphitominae</span> Subfamily of gastropods

Raphitominae was a subfamily of small to quite large sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Conoidea.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Borsoniidae</span> Family of sea snails

Borsoniidae is a monophyletic family of small to medium-sized sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Conoidea.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Clathurellidae</span> Family of gastropods

Clathurellidae is a monophyletic family of small to medium-sized sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Conoidea.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Horaiclavidae</span> Family of gastropods

Horaiclavidae is a family of predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Conoidea.

<i>Cordieria</i> Genus of gastropods

Cordieria is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Borsoniidae.

<i>Paramontana</i> Genus of gastropods

Paramontana is a small genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Raphitomidae.

<i>Austropusilla</i> Genus of gastropods

Austropusilla is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Raphitomidae.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 Bouchet P., Kantor Yu.I., Sysoev A. & Puillandre N. (2011) A new operational classification of the Conoidea. Journal of Molluscan Studies 77: 273-308.
  2. ↑ Bouchet P. & Rocroi J.-P. (Ed.) (2005). "Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families". Malacologia 47(1-2). ISBN   3-925919-72-4. 397 pp.
  3. ↑ Fedosov, Alexander E., and Nicolas Puillandre. "Phylogeny and taxonomy of the Kermia–Pseudodaphnella (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Raphitomidae) genus complex: a remarkable radiation via diversification of larval development." Systematics and Biodiversity 10.4 (2012): 447-477
  4. ↑ Kantor, Yuri I., and John D. Taylor. "Foregut anatomy and relationships of raphitomine gastropods (Gastropoda: Conoidea: Raphitominae)." Bollettino Malacologico 38 (2003): 83-110.
  5. ↑ Kantor, Yuri I., Ellen E. Strong, and Nicolas Puillandre. "A new lineage of Conoidea (Gastropoda: Neogastropoda) revealed by morphological and molecular data." Journal of Molluscan Studies 78.3 (2012): 246-255
  6. ↑ Høisæter, Tore. "A taxonomic review of the Norwegian species of Raphitoma (Gastropoda: Conoidea: Raphitomidae)." (2016).
  7. ↑ WoRMS: Raphitomidae
  8. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Francesco Criscione; Anders Hallan; Nicolas Puillandre; Alexander Fedosov (2021). "Where the snails have no name: a molecular phylogeny of Raphitomidae (Neogastropoda: Conoidea) uncovers vast unexplored diversity in the deep seas of temperate southern and eastern Australia" (PDF). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 191 (4): 961–1000. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa088.
  9. ↑ Bouchet P., Kantor Yu.I., Sysoev A. & Puillandre N. (2011). "A new operational classification of the Conoidea". Journal of Molluscan Studies 77: 273-308. doi : 10.1093/mollus/eyr017.
  10. ↑ Bouchet, P. (2011). Thetidos Hedley, 1899 . Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=435335 on 2011-09-02
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