Frederik Willem de Klerk was a South African politician who served as a state president of South Africa from 1989 to 1994 and as deputy president from 1994 to 1996. As South Africa's last head of state from the era of white-minority rule,he and his government dismantled the apartheid system and introduced universal suffrage. Ideologically a conservative and an economic liberal,he led the National Party (NP) from 1989 to 1997.
The president of the United States (POTUS) is the head of state and head of government of the United States. The president directs the executive branch of the federal government and is the commander-in-chief of the United States Armed Forces.
The Christian Science Monitor (CSM),commonly known as The Monitor,is a nonprofit news organization that publishes daily articles both in electronic format and a weekly print edition. It was founded in 1908 as a daily newspaper by Mary Baker Eddy,the founder of the Church of Christ,Scientist.
The president of South Africa is the head of state and head of government of the Republic of South Africa. The president directs the executive branch of the federal government and is the commander-in-chief of the South African National Defence Force. Between 1961 and 1994,the office of head of state was the state presidency.
William Anthony Kirsopp Lake is an American diplomat and political advisor who served as the 17th United States National Security Advisor from 1993 to 1997 and as the 6th Executive Director of UNICEF from 2010 to 2017.
Michael Richard Beschloss is an American historian specializing in the United States presidency. He is the author of nine books on the presidency.
Raw Story is an American progressive news website. It was founded in 2004 by John K. Byrne and is owned by Byrne and Michael Rogers.
Ahmed Mohamed Shafik Zaki is an Egyptian politician and former presidential candidate. He was a senior commander in the Egyptian Air Force and later served as Prime Minister of Egypt from 29 January 2011 to 3 March 2011 under Hosni Mubarak.
The Fars News Agency is a news agency in Iran managed by the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC),an armed wing loyal to Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei. While it describes itself as "Iran's leading independent news agency",it is widely described by Western news media to be a "semi-official" news agency of the Government of Iran. All its content is free content,Creative Commons licensed.
Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela was a South African anti-apartheid activist and politician who served as the first president of South Africa from 1994 to 1999. He was the country's first black head of state and the first elected in a fully representative democratic election. His government focused on dismantling the legacy of apartheid by fostering racial reconciliation. Ideologically an African nationalist and socialist,he served as the president of the African National Congress (ANC) party from 1991 to 1997.
Michael Christopher Moynihan is an American journalist,former National Correspondent for Vice News and co-host of The Fifth Column podcast. He was previously the cultural news editor for The Daily Beast/Newsweek,the managing editor of Vice magazine,and a senior editor of the libertarian magazine Reason. Moynihan was also a resident fellow of the free-market think tank Timbro in Sweden,where he lived and wrote articles about politics in the country,contributing to Swedish-language publications,including Expressen,Aftonbladet,Sveriges Television,Neo and Göteborgs-Tidningen. According to Media Bistro,"Moynihan is perhaps best known for breaking the story on Jonah Lehrer's fabrications."
Presidential elections were held in Egypt in 2012,with the first round on 23 and 24 May 2012 and the second on 16 and 17 June. The 2012 Egyptian Presidential election was the first democratic presidential election of Egypt's history. The Muslim Brotherhood declared early 18 June 2012,that its candidate,Mohamed Morsi,won Egypt's presidential election,which would be the first victory of an Islamist as head of state in the Arab world. It was the second presidential election in Egypt's history with more than one candidate,following the 2005 election,and the first presidential election after the 2011 Egyptian revolution which ousted president Hosni Mubarak,during the Arab Spring. However,Morsi's presidency was brief and short-lived,and he later faced massive protests for and against his rule,only to be ousted in a military coup in July that year.
Mohamed Mohamed Morsi Eissa al-Ayyat was an Egyptian politician,engineer,and professor who served as the fifth president of Egypt,from 30 June 2012 to 3 July 2013,when General Abdel Fattah el-Sisi removed him from office in a coup d'état after protests in June. An Islamist affiliated with the Muslim Brotherhood organization,Morsi led the Freedom and Justice Party from 2011 to 2012.
The 2012–2013 Egyptian protests were part of the crisis in Egypt including the June 2013 protests,the July 2013 coup d'état,and part of the post-coup unrest. They saw varying opposition against three contiguous heads of state;namely,the Supreme Council of the Armed Forces (SCAF),Muslim Brotherhood,and the de facto ruling Egyptian Armed Forces.
The 2013 Egyptian coup d'etat took place on 3 July 2013. Egyptian army chief General Abdel Fattah al-Sisi led a coalition to remove the democratically elected President of Egypt Mohamed Morsi from power and suspended the Egyptian constitution of 2012. The move came after the military's ultimatum for the government to "resolve its differences" with protesters during widespread national protests. The military arrested Morsi and Muslim Brotherhood leaders,and declared Chief Justice of the Supreme Constitutional Court Adly Mansour as the interim president of Egypt. The announcement was followed by demonstrations and clashes between supporters and opponents of the move throughout Egypt.
Mahmoud Badr is an Egyptian activist and journalist. He co-founded the Tamarod ("Rebel") movement and serves as its official spokesman and one of its principal leaders. Tamarod claimed to have gathered millions of signatures,that were never independently verified,demanding the resignation of Egyptian president Mohamed Morsi,and organized mass protests which preceded the 2013 Egyptian coup d'état removing Morsi from power. Recent audio tapes secretly recorded in the offices of the deputy ministers to Al-Sisi - and authenticated by independent expert analysis from France - establish the movement as an arm of the military coup. Senior officials of the coup are heard on the tapes bragging about how good they were at falsifying evidence against Morsi,at forgery and at torture. The list of plotters included Deputy Defense Minister Mamdouh Shaheen and Gen. Abbas Kamel,the chief of staff to Gen. Abdel Fattah el-Sisi,the top military commander regarded as the mastermind behind the coup.
On 5 December 2013,Nelson Mandela,the first President of South Africa to be elected in a fully representative democratic election,as well as the country's first black head of state,died at the age of 95 after a prolonged respiratory infection. He died at around 20:50 local time (UTC+2) at his home in Houghton,Johannesburg,surrounded by family. His death was announced by then President Jacob Zuma on national television at 23:45. Reactions from governments,international organizations,and notable individuals,gained worldwide media coverage.
The 50th National Conference of the African National Congress (ANC) took place from 16 to 20 December 1997 at the University of the North West in what was then called Mafikeng. Attended by 3,000 voting delegates,the conference elected a successor to outgoing ANC President Nelson Mandela,who declined to stand for another term. Thabo Mbeki was elected unopposed,and Jacob Zuma was elected unopposed as his deputy;they were later elected President and Deputy President of the country in the 1999 general elections,in which the ANC won 66.35% of the vote,up from 62.65% in 1994.
