Schinus

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Schinus
Starr 031108-0096 Schinus terebinthifolius.jpg
Schinus terebinthifolia
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Sapindales
Family: Anacardiaceae
Subfamily: Anacardioideae
Genus: Schinus
L. (1753) [1] [2]
Type species
Schinus molle
Species

See text

Synonyms [4]
  • DuvauaKunth (1824)
  • MolleMill. (1754)
  • PiperodendronHeist. ex Fabr. (1759)
  • SarcothecaTurcz. (1858) nom. illeg.
  • SchinosSt.-Lag.(1880)
Schinus molle Gavaran.jpg
Schinus molle

Schinus is a genus of flowering trees and tall shrubs in the sumac family, Anacardiaceae. Members of the genus are commonly known as pepper trees. The Peruvian pepper tree ( Schinus molle ) [5] is the source of the spice known as pink peppercorn. [6]

Contents

The species of Schinus are native to South America, ranging from Peru and northeastern Brazil to southern South America. [4] Some species (e.g. Schinus terebinthifolia ) have become an invasive species outside their natural habitats. Schinus polygama , although less well known, is also potentially weedy in mesic areas.

Etymology

The generic name is derived from the Greek word for Pistacia lentiscus , Σχίνος (schinos), which it resembles. [7] Considerable historic confusion has existed as to the correct gender of the genus name; as of 2015, this has been resolved with the determination that the correct gender of Schinus is feminine (rather than masculine), and adjectival names within the genus must be spelled accordingly. [8]

Species

34 species are currently accepted: [4]

Formerly placed here

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<i>Schinus terebinthifolia</i> Species of flowering plant in the cashew and mango family Anacardiaceae

Schinus terebinthifolia is a species of flowering plant in the cashew family, Anacardiaceae, that is native to subtropical and tropical South America. Common names include Brazilian peppertree, aroeira, rose pepper, broadleaved pepper tree, wilelaiki, Christmasberry tree and Florida holly. The species name has been very commonly misspelled as ‘terebinthifolius’.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pink peppercorn</span> Dried berry of the shrub Schinus molle

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<i>Schinus molle</i> Species of tree

Schinus molle is an evergreen tree that grows to 15 meters. It is native to an area from the Peruvian Andes to southern Brazil. The bright pink fruits of Schinus molle are often sold as "pink peppercorns" although S. molle is unrelated to black pepper. The word molle in Schinus molle comes from mulli, the Quechua word for the tree. The tree is host to the pepper-tree moth, Bombycomorpha bifascia.

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<i>Nothura</i> Genus of birds

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<i>Araujia</i> Genus of plants

Araujia is a small genus of perennial vines in the dogbane family first described as a genus in 1817. The group is native to South America.

<i>Facelis</i> Genus of flowering plants

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<i>Tessaria</i> Genus of plants

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<i>Trichocline</i> Genus of flowering plants

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<i>Compsocerus violaceus</i> Species of beetle

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<i>Schinus weinmanniifolia</i> Species of tree

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References

  1. "Genus: Schinus L." Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 2009-11-23. Retrieved 2011-02-22.
  2. Linnaeus, C. (1753), Species Plantarum 1: 388
  3. "Schinus L." TROPICOS. Missouri Botanical Garden. Retrieved 2010-02-09.
  4. 1 2 3 Schinus L. Plants of the World Online . Retrieved 23 April 2023.
  5. Seidemann, Johannes (2005). World spice plants. Springer. p. 337. ISBN   978-3-540-22279-8.
  6. Allen, Gary (2007). The Herbalist in the Kitchen. University of Illinois Press. pp. 26–27. ISBN   978-0-252-03162-5.
  7. Quattrocchi, Umberto (2000). CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names: Common Names, Scientific Names, Eponyms, Synonyms, and Etymology. Vol. IV R-Z. Taylor & Francis US. p. 2405. ISBN   978-0-8493-2678-3.
  8. Zona, S. (2015). The correct gender of Schinus (Anacardiaceae). Phytotaxa, 222(1), 75–77. doi:https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.222.1.9
  9. 1 2 "GRIN Species Records of Schinus". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2015-07-22.