Sheik-Umarr Mikailu Jah

Last updated

Betti Elisabeth Beckmann-Jah
(m. 1982)
Alhaji Dr. med.
Sheik-Umarr Mikailu Jah
Sheik-Umarr Mikailu Jah.jpg
Jah in 1991
Minister of Health, Sierra Leone
In office
16 January 1996 29 March 1996
Children2
Parent(s)Mother: Madam Hawa Bellay Swaray
Father: Mikailu Jah, Paramount Chief of Kpanga Kabonde
Residence(s) Pujehun, Sierra Leone
Bo, Sierra Leone
Lienen, Germany
Alma mater
Profession Surgeon and statesman
  1. The Ministry became a Commission in November 1998, https://www.nacsa.gov.sl/copy-of-home
  2. Interrupted by coup d'état from 25 May 1997 - 12 February 1998

Alhaji Dr. med.Sheik-Umarr Mikailu Jah (22 August 1935 - 2 August 2024), commonly known as Dr. S.U.M. Jah, was a Sierra Leonean public servant, trained as a surgeon in Germany and one of the few medical specialists working in Sierra Leone throughout the civil war, and later a statesman who served as a minister of Sierra Leone for 11 years, from 1996 to 2007. In 2006 he contracted Lassa fever, was flown to Germany for medical treatment, and never fully recovered. To honor his service, he received a state funeral in Sierra Leone.

Contents

Early life

Sheik-Umarr Mikailu Jah was born on 22 August 1935, in Pujehun Hospital, Pujehun District, Southern Province, Sierra Leone. His father was Paramount Chief Mikailu Jah, of Mende and Fula descent, and his mother was Madam Hawa Bellay Swaray, of Mandingo descent. He was delivered by Sir Milton Margai, the first Protectorate Medical Doctor and later the first Prime Minister of Sierra Leone. Born into a Muslim family, Jah learned to recite the Quran in Arabic and practiced Islam throughout his life. However, in order to attend primary school, he was baptized under the name Simion and, as an altar boy, excelled in reciting Christian texts in Latin. Jah, born into a polygamous family, had several brothers and sisters and he was very close to all of them. He had one full sibling, his sister Christiana Salematu Jah (born ~1943, died Dec 2012). In 1983, his brother Abdulai Bu Mikailu Jah succeeded their father as Paramount Chief.

Jah began his primary education at a Quranic school in Pujehun under the guidance of Imam Sidie Yayah Touray from 1944 to 1946, stopping in Yusuf. In 1947 he moved to the Holy Family Primary School in Pujehun, continuing up to Standard 4. He completed Standard 5 and passed the Common Entrance Examination at St. Francis Primary School in Bo in 1950.

For his secondary education, Jah attended the Bo Government Secondary School (commonly known as Bo School), from 1951 to 1959. The school, at that time, was reserved for sons and nominees of Paramount Chiefs. His admission number was 1027. Initially he was at Manchester House, and later at Paris House where he was the Senior Prefect. As a runner he held many longstanding records. Up to Form 5 he completed the Cambridge Higher School Certificate (Marks: “Second Division”). In Form 6 he took exclusively science subjects, completing A-levels in biology, physics, chemistry, and zoology.

He started his career as a science teacher and taught for 3 years in secondary schools: Christ the King's College Bo, Bo School, and Prince of Wales Freetown.

Medical career

Jah as a final year medical student in Bonn, 1968. S.U.M. Jah - Medical Student, Bonn, 1968.jpg
Jah as a final year medical student in Bonn, 1968.

Jah was awarded two scholarships by the Government of Sierra Leone. The first was to study forestry in the United Kingdom, which he declined, and the second was to study medicine in Germany, which he accepted. On 13 December 1961, the year of Sierra Leone's independence, in Freetown he boarded the mail vessel "Apapa" from Lagos. After an 8 day journey, including a stop in Banjul to visit Swaray relatives, he arrived in Liverpool. He then took the Boat Train to London, where he spent New Year's Eve, before flying from Gatwick to Köln Bonn Airport on 2 January 1962. From there, he travelled by train to Bad Aibling, where he completed a 4-month German language course at the Goethe-Institut. During this time, he remarked that he “never saw the earth", as it was always covered in snow.

He commenced his medical studies at the University of Bonn, in the summer semester of 1962 and graduated on 19 February 1968, earning a "Note 2" grade in the Staatsexamen. During his studies, he lived at Hermannstraße 1 in Bonn, which was then the capital of West Germany. After completing the Physikum, he spent one semester at Heidelberg University under Professor Lindner, a surgeon.

As a junior house officer (Medizinalassistent), Jah worked unpaid for 2 years in Bonn. In 1970, he earned his Doctor of Medicine (Dr. med.) degree with a thesis in ophthalmology titled “Dye detection in tissues and fluids of the bodies and eyes of rabbits after intravenous fluorescein sodium injection”, [1] supervised by Professor Hermann. He graduated with the highest honors, “Note 1, Summa cum laude”.

From 1970 to 1975, he specialized in general surgery with a focus on orthopedics in North Rhine-Westphalia, working under Professor Major, in hospitals across Essen, Solingen, Velbert, Siegburg, and Waldbröl.

He later worked as a senior surgeon in Essen from 1975 to 1979, at Connaught Hospital in Freetown from 1979 to 1981, and at Bo Government Hospital from 1981 to 1996. As a surgeon he performed the first total hip replacement in West Africa and his orthopedic skills were sought after by patients and referring colleagues throughout Sierra Leone and neighboring countries.

Throughout the Sierra Leone Civil War he worked in Sierra Leone serving his people. For two short episodes that he had to flee for his life, he worked for a few months as a visiting surgeon at the Evangelic Hospital Lengerich and in a surgery in Püsselbüren, Germany.

Political career

Jah was a long-time member of the Sierra Leone People's Party and served as its Deputy National Chairman for two terms from 2001 to 2004, under Dr. Sama Banya and Alhadji U. N.S. Jah. He was described as "the people's servant who has over the years championed their cause" and was recognized for the "respect and love he has for his people". [2]

After serving as the chairman of the National Power Authority, he was appointed Minister of Health in the interim government of Julius Maada Bio, holding the position from 16 January 1996 to 29 March 1996.

Following the election of President Ahmad Tejan Kabbah, Jah became the inaugural Minister of National Reconstruction, Resettlement and Rehabilitation. He held this post until November 1998 when the ministry was transformed into a commission, where Jah served as Commissioner until 2 November 1999. [3] His work was interrupted by a coup d'état from 25 May 1997 to 12 February 1998. In his role, Jah made significant contributions to Sierra Leone's post-civil war reconstruction, including reporting to the United Nations: "urgent support was also needed for the return, resettlement and reintegration of nearly 500,000 Sierra Leonean refugees in Guinea and Liberia" and "that over 3,000 villages and towns destroyed by the Revolutionary United Front (RUF) guerrillas and 1,700 educational facilities, 400 health centres and 3,000 wells needed to be rehabilitated or rebuilt." [4]

Jah subsequently served as Minister of Works and Technical Maintenance from 2 November 1999 to 2 February 2001. [5]

Jah, Minister of State for Southern Region 2001-2007 S.U.M. Jah - Minister of State for Southern Region with fellow Minister John Kerefa Smart.jpg
Jah, Minister of State for Southern Region 2001-2007

He later became the Minister of State for the Southern Region, a position he held from 2 February 2001 until 17 September 2007. [6] [7]

Public Service

In the early 1950s, Jah was a founding member of what later would be renamed to the Pujehun District Development Association. The founding board consisted of Dr. S.U.M Jah (president), Dr. Joe A. Nuni (secretary), Abu Sama (vice-president), and Andrew Kaikai (treasurer). The organization aims to promote the development of Pujehun District, and has active branches in Sierra Leone, the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, Ireland, and Germany. 70 years after its founding, the association continues to play a significant role in the district's development.

Promoting education was always essential to Jah. Throughout the years, he sponsored numerous schoolboys in Sierra Leone providing their school fees and rendered support to finding pathways to higher education.

For several years, including 1986, Jah was the Chairman of the Kakua Rangers Football Club and the Bo District Football Association.

In 1987, Jah and his wife co-founded Paupers' Kitchen and Clinic (PKC), a community-based organization in Bo dedicated to providing nutritious meals, medical care and educational support to the most vulnerable members of the community. [8] [9] This mission was upheld throughout, with currently 150 adult members and 90 children, of which 40 receive scholarship support. During the civil war the project house served as shelter for people from Pujehun. Since 2010, annually tens of children of PKC members receive school scholarships, of which 2 entered university in 2024. PKC conducts regular workshops in health education and traditional handicraft, such as weaving. In 2016, PKC organized two international medical missions in both Bo and Pujehun. Throughout the years, Jah, his wife Beckmann-Jah, and mother-in-law Gertrud Beckmann (1912-2009) actively raised funds in Germany.

In 1988, Jah was a founding member of the Rotary Club of Bo, Sierra Leone. The founding board included Emmanuel Shears Moses as president, and Dr. S.U.M. Jah as vice-president. The following year, Jah succeeded Shears Moses as president.

Jah, as the President of the Sierra Leone Medical and Dental Association, in November 1991, together with his wife Betti Elisabeth Beckmann-Jah S.U.M. Jah - President SLMDA, Nov 1991.jpg
Jah, as the President of the Sierra Leone Medical and Dental Association, in November 1991, together with his wife Betti Elisabeth Beckmann-Jah

Between 1991 and 1993, Jah served as president of the Sierra Leone Medical & Dental Association.

Jah attending OBBA S.U.M. Jah - OBBA before 2006.jpg
Jah attending OBBA
Jah as President of OBBA. S.U.M Jah - OBBA President.jpg
Jah as President of OBBA.

For two terms, from 2001 to 2004, Jah was president of the Old Bo Boys Association (OBBA), the alumni association of the prestigious Bo Government Secondary School in Sierra Leone.

Personal life

Sheik-Umarr Mikailu Jah met Betti Elisabeth Beckmann-Jah at the “Kaiser Café” in Bonn on 13 February 1968, the day of his final medical exam. They married on 19 November 1982 in Lienen, Germany. Together, they had one daughter, Hawanatu Bettina Daniela Jah, and from a previous relationship Jah had another daughter, Zainab Valerie Adenikeh Jah.

Jah and his wife moved back to Sierra Leone in 1979. Their daughter was born in 1982 during a temporary stay in Germany. The family lived together in Sierra Leone until April 1991, when his wife and daughter fled to Germany due to the rebel invasion during the civil war. In November 1991, Jah travelled to Germany and brought them back home to Sierra Leone. However, in 1992, his wife and daughter returned to Germany for health reasons, where they stayed due to the ongoing war and instability in Sierra Leone.

In 1994, Jah was warned by the late M.G. Sillah that Revolutionary United Front soldiers were searching for him with the intent of making him a minister. In the night his nephew Abdul went to Freetown to get Jah's passport. Jah fled the next day, disguised as a market lady, in the back row of a podapoda. At a checkpoint, one of the policemen in charge recognized him as their doctor and allowed him to pass despite receiving orders to detain him. Jah then crossed into Guinea, staying overnight at the border, before continuing to Germany.

In 2001, Jah completed the Hajj pilgrimage to Mecca.

In July 2006, he contracted Lassa fever encephalitis and was flown to Germany by his wife for medical treatment, initially thought to be suffering from cerebral malaria. After a short admission to the Munster University Hospital, where Lassa fever was diagnosed, he was transferred to Frankfurt University Hospital for high-level isolation intensive care. Jah remained in a coma from July to October 2006 and was discharged from hospital just before Christmas of that year. In January 2007, he began rehabilitation at Clinic Hilchenbach. Although he never fully recovered, he regained the ability to walk along the hallway, converse and use the computer. For 16 years, his wife Betti cared for him at their home in Lienen. During this period, under medical supervision, Jah made five more trips to Sierra Leone, with his last visit in 2017. His planned trip in 2020 was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

He passed away on 2 August 2024 at Klinikum Osnabrück following several large brain infarctions. He is survived by his wife Madam Betti Elisabeth Beckmann-Jah, together for 56 years, and their daughter Dr Hawanatu Bettina Daniela Jah, his son-in-law Prof Menno Roderick Smit and his grandchildren Malika Bae Amelia Smit-Jah, Kailu Fredrick Oleander Smit-Jah and Nyota Elisabeth Atlantis Smit-Jah, by his daughter Zainab Valerie Adenikeh Jah and his son-in-law Timothy Sean Naylor. Furthermore he is survived by several brothers, sisters, in-laws, nieces, nephews, colleagues, friends and relatives in his homes in Sierra Leone, Germany and abroad. He received a state funeral on 28 August 2024 in Freetown, which was followed by a laying out ceremony at Bo School on 29 August 2024 and burial on 30 August 2024 in Pujehun.

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sierra Leone</span> Country on the southwest coast of West Africa

Sierra Leone, officially the Republic of Sierra Leone, is a country on the southwest coast of West Africa. It is bordered to the southeast by Liberia and by Guinea to the north. Its land area is 71,740 km2 (27,699 sq mi). It has a tropical climate and environments ranging from savannas to rainforests. As of the 2023 census, Sierra Leone has a population of 8,908,040. Freetown is both its capital and its largest city. The country is divided into five administrative regions, which are further subdivided into 16 districts.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ahmad Tejan Kabbah</span> 3rd President of Sierra Leone (1996–97, 1998–2007)

Alhaji Ahmad Tejan Kabbah was a Sierra Leonean politician who served twice as the 3rd President of Sierra Leone, from 1996 to 1997 and again from 1998 to 2007. An economist and attorney by profession, Kabbah spent many years working for the United Nations Development Programme. He retired from the United Nations and returned to Sierra Leone in 1992.

PKC may refer to:

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bo, Sierra Leone</span> Place in Southern Province, Sierra Leone

Bo, also commonly referred to as Bo Town, is the second largest city in Sierra Leone by population and the largest city in the Southern Province. Bo is the capital and administrative centre of Bo District. The city of Bo has a population of 223,075 based on 2021 national mid-term census estimates. Bo is an urban centre, and lies approximately 160 miles (250 km) east-southeast of Freetown, and about 40 miles (64 km) to Kenema. Bo is the leading financial, educational and economic centre of southern Sierra Leone.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Julius Maada Bio</span> President of Sierra Leone since 2018

Julius Maada Wonie Bio is a Sierra Leonean politician who has served as president of Sierra Leone since 4 April 2018. He is a retired brigadier in the Sierra Leone Army and was the military head of state of Sierra Leone from 16 January 1996 to 29 March 1996, in a military junta government known as the National Provisional Ruling Council (NPRC). Bio is the first democratically elected president of Sierra Leone born after Sierra Leone's independence from British colonial rule.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pujehun District</span> Place in Southern Province, Sierra Leone

Pujehun District is a district in the Southern Province of Sierra Leone. Pujehun District is one of the sixteen Districts of Sierra Leone. Its capital and largest city is the town of Pujehun. The other major towns in the district include Sahn Malen, Zimmi, Jendema, and Potoru. As of 2015, the district has a population of 345,577.

Samuel Hinga Norman was a Sierra Leonean politician from the Mende tribe. He was the founder and leader of the Civil Defence Forces, commonly known as the Kamajors. The Kamajors supported the government of Ahmed Tejan Kabbah against the Revolutionary United Front (RUF), which was led by Foday Sankoh. On 7 March 2003 Hinga Norman was indicted by the Special Court for Sierra Leone for war crimes and crimes against humanity. He died on 22 February 2007 in Dakar, Senegal while undergoing medical treatment.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Charles Margai</span> Sierra Leonean politician and constitutional lawyer

Charles Francis Kondo Margai is a Sierra Leonean politician and constitutional lawyer who served as Attorney General and Minister of Justice of Sierra Leone in 2018.

John Albert Musselman Karefa-Smart was a Sierra Leonean politician, medical doctor and university professor. He served as the first Foreign Minister under Sierra Leone's first Prime Minister, Sir Milton Margai. He was an ordained Elder of the United Methodist Church.

John Arouna Karimu is a Mende hailed from Daru Village, Kailahun District, in the Eastern Region of Sierra Leone.

Desmond Edgar Fashole Luke was a former politician and lawyer in Sierra Leone. Luke served as foreign minister (1973–75), Minister of Health (1977–78), and ambassador to the West Germany (1969–73), France (1971–73) and the European Economic Community (1971–73) at various points in his political career. Luke competed in the 1996 presidential election against several other candidates, eventually losing to current President Ahmed Tejan Kabbah after only receiving 1.1% of the vote in the initial round of voting. In March 1998, Luke was appointed to replace Samuel Beccles-Davies as Chief Justice of the Supreme Court. Luke retired from that position in 2002. He was an alumnus of Cambridge University and Oxford University. Luke was a strong supporter of Kabbah's government-in-exile after the 1997 coup by Johnny Paul Koroma.

The Bo Government Secondary School, commonly known as Bo School, is a secondary school located on a 13.5 acres (5.5 ha) property in the center of Bo, the second largest city in Sierra Leone. The school was founded in 1906 at the behest of the British colonial governor, Leslie Probyn, to educate the sons of Paramount Chiefs or nominees of Paramount Chiefs. The school later evolved to become a public school that is open to boys from all backgrounds.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Patricia Kabbah</span> Sierra Leonean lawyer

Patricia Kabbah was a Sierra Leonean lawyer who served as First Lady of Sierra Leone from 1996 to 1998. She was the first wife of Sierra Leone's third president, Ahmad Tejan Kabbah. She is widely regarded as one of the most influential first ladies in the history of Sierra Leone.

Okere Adams was a Sierra Leonean politician. In 2002, Adams was appointed as the Minister of Marine Resources under Ahmed Tejan Kabbah. In September 2005, he switched portfolio's with Chernor Jalloh and became the Minister of Tourism and Culture. Adams was replaced by Hindolo Trye upon Ernest Bai Koroma becoming president in September 2007. Adams was a member of the Temne ethnic group. Okere Adams To Be Buried Tomorrow

Albert Joe Demby was a Sierra Leonean medical doctor, politician and a member of the Sierra Leone People's Party. He served as the Vice President of Sierra Leone from 29 March 1996 to 25 May 1997, when the administration was overthrown by a military junta. After the junta was deposed in 1998, he continued his term until President Ahmad Tejan Kabbah's term ended in 2002, and Demby was succeeded as vice president by Solomon Berewa, who had previously served as Minister of Justice and Attorney-General. Like Berewa, Joe Demby was from the Mende ethnic group.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Samura Kamara</span> Sierra Leonean politician and economist

Dr Samura Mathew Wilson Kamara is a Sierra Leonean politician and economist. He was the All Peoples Congress (APC) Party's candidate for President of Sierra Leone in the 2018 election and 2023 election. He was the Minister of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation of Sierra Leone from 2012 to 2017, Minister of Finance and Economic Development from 2009 to 2013, Governor of the Bank of Sierra Leone from 2007 to 2009, Financial Secretary in the Ministry of Finance during President Ahmad Tejan Kabbah's administration.

Peter Alfred Penfold was a British diplomat who was the second youngest governor of the British Virgin Islands and was High Commissioner to the Republic of Sierra Leone. His career began in 1963, when he joined the Foreign Service as a clerical officer. Two years into his career, he was posted to the British embassy in Bonn, West Germany, and two years after that to Nigeria. From 1970 to 1972, Penfold served as a "floater" in Latin America, filling in as necessary for staff at British missions in the region. He served in Mexico during the 1970 football world cup, and on St Vincent, where he was responsible for organising an evacuation after a volcanic eruption. After Latin America, Penfold briefly served in Canberra, before returning to London to take a post in the Foreign and Commonwealth Office (FCO). He earned early promotion to second secretary in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, where he was responsible for reporting on the Organisation of African Unity (OAU) and the Eritrean War of Independence and was still in the country during the revolution, in which the pro-Western emperor was overthrown. After completing his tour in Ethiopia, Penfold served as information officer in Port of Spain and then as first secretary in the West Africa Department of the FCO.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Robert Benjamin Ageh Wellesley Cole</span> Sierra Leonean medical doctor

Robert Benjamin Ageh Wellesley Cole, was a Sierra Leonean medical doctor who was the first West African to become a Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons of England.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Robert Smith (surgeon)</span> Sierra Leonean medical doctor

Robert Smith FRCSE (1840–1885) was a Sierra Leonean medical doctor who served as an Assistant Colonial Surgeon in Sierra Leone during the late nineteenth century. Smith was the first African to become a Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh after completing his medical studies at the University of Edinburgh.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ethnic groups in Sierra Leone</span> Ethnic groups living within the country of Sierra Leone

Sierra Leone is home to around sixteen ethnic groups, each with its own language. In Sierra Leone, membership of an ethnic group often overlaps with a shared religious identity. According to the 2004 census Temne is the largest ethnic group in Sierra Leone.

References

  1. "Farbstoffnachweis in Geweben und Flüssigkeiten des Körpers und des Auges beim Kaninchen nach i.v. Fluorescein-Natrium-Injektion | WorldCat.org".
  2. "Sierra Leone: Pujehun Elders Call On New Minister" . Retrieved 10 August 2024.
  3. "National Commission for Social Action (NaCSA)". NaCSASite.
  4. "United Nations, Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, Integrated Regional Information Network for West Africa (IRIN-WA), Weekly Round-up 28 covering the period 10-16 July 1999". reliefweb.int. 16 July 1999. Retrieved 10 August 2024.
  5. "President Kabbah's Fourth Cabinet and Deputy Ministers, including members of the RUF and AFRC, 2 November 1999 - 2 February 2001" . Retrieved 10 August 2024.
  6. "President Kabbah's Sixth Cabinet and Deputy Ministers" . Retrieved 10 August 2024.
  7. "Sierra Leone: Pujehun Elders Call On New Minister" . Retrieved 10 August 2024.
  8. "Paupers' Kitchen and Clinic (PKC)".
  9. "Paupers' Kitchen and Clinic (PKC) Christmas Medical Mission".