Masovians, also spelled as Mazovians, and historically known as Masurians, is an ethnographic group of Polish people that originates from the region of Masovia, located mostly within borders of the Masovian Voivodeship, Poland. They speak the Masovian dialect of Polish.
Kuyavians is an ethnographic group of Polish people, that originate from the region of Kuyavia, located within the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship and eastern Greater Poland Voivodeship in Poland. They speak the Kuyavian subdialect of the Greater Poland dialect cluster of Polish language. The group itself been influenced by nearby groups of Pomeranians and Greater Poland people.
Stańczyk was the most famous Polish court jester. He was employed by three Polish kings: Alexander, Sigismund the Old and Sigismund Augustus.
Stanisław Kot was a Polish historian and politician. A native of the Austrian partition of Poland, early in life he was attracted to the cause of Polish independence. As a professor of the Jagiellonian University (1920–1933), he held the chair of the History of Culture. His principal expertise was in the politics, ideologies, education, and literature of the 16th- and 17th-century Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. He is particularly known for his contributions to the study of the Reformation in Poland.
Stanisław Jan Patek, Polish lawyer, freemason and diplomat, served as Polish Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1919 to 1920.
Płock Voivodeship was a unit of administrative division and local government in the Kingdom of Poland from 1495 until the partitions of Poland in 1795. Together with the Rawa Voivodeship and Masovian Voivodeship it formed the historical region of Mazovia, and with several other voivodeships it formed part of the Greater Poland Province.
Ghetto benches was a form of official segregation in the seating of university students, introduced in 1935 at the Lwów Polytechnic. Rectors at other higher education institutions in the Second Polish Republic had adopted this form of segregation when the practice became conditionally legalized by 1937. Under the ghetto ławkowe system, Jewish university students were required under threat of expulsion to sit in a left-hand side section of the lecture halls reserved exclusively for them. This official policy of enforced segregation was often accompanied by acts of violence directed against Jewish students by members of the ONR.
Jan Stanisław Bystroń was a Polish sociologist and ethnographer. Professor of University of Poznań, University of Warsaw and Jagiellonian University in Kraków, member of Polish Academy of Science.
Sociology in Poland has been developing, as has sociology throughout Europe, since the mid-19th century. Although, due to the Partitions of Poland, that country did not exist as an independent state in the 19th century or until the end of World War I, some Polish scholars published work clearly belonging to the field of sociology.
Wydawnictwo Literackie is a Kraków-based Polish publishing house, which has been referred to as one of Poland's "most respected".
The Friends of the Constitution was the first modern Polish political party, formed in May 1791, shortly after the adoption of the Constitution of 3 May 1791, by the efforts of the Patriotic Party. The purpose of the Friends of the Constitution was to defend the reformed political system and to introduce further reforms.
The Lublinians are a subethnic group of the Polish people, who reside in the historic region of Lesser Poland, in the area of the city of Lublin. They use their own dialect, which belongs to the Lesser Poland dialect of the Polish language. Like most Poles, the Lubliniacy are Roman Catholics.
The Borderlands Poles, also known as the Borderlands groups, is a term for the collection of the ethnographic groups of Polish people from the area of the Eastern Borderlands, an area to the east of modern borders of Poland, within the modern territory of Belarus, Lithuania, Ukraine. They are mostly descendants of Masovians, and to lesser extend, Lesser Poland people, who colonized the area across centuries. The groups aren't directly connected, having different origins, and developing separately. However, they are categorized together, due to the shared factor of devolving on the eastern boundaries of Polish population, influenced by the other ethnic groups located to the east. In the aftermath of World War II, they were displaced from the Soviet Union to Poland, mostly in the first repatriation of 1944–1946, and later in the second repatriation of 1955–1959. As such, they, and their descendants, now live across Poland. Such people are also known as the Bug River Poles.
The Bug River Poles are Polish people who, either were, or are descendants of, the inhabitants of the area of the Eastern Borderlands, an area to the east of modern borders of Poland, within the modern territory of Belarus, Lithuania, Ukraine, that were displaced from there to Poland between 1944 and 1959.
The Lesser Poland people is a collection of the ethnographic groups of Polish people, that originate from the region of Lesser Poland. They speak in the Lesser Poland dialect of Polish language.
Kaliszans are members of an ethnographic group of Polish people from the Kalisz Region, located within the Greater Poland Voivodeship, Poland. They are part of the bigger ethnographic group of Greater Poland people.
Łowiczans, also known as the Łowicz Dukes, is an ethnographic group of Polish people, that are part of the ethnographic subgroup of Masovians. They originate from the north west Masovia, located within borders of the Masovian Voivodeship, Poland. The group speak in the Łowicz subdialect of the Masovian dialect of Polish.
Poborzans, also spelled as Pobożans, are an ethnographic group of Polish people, that are part of the ethnographic subgroup of Masovians. They originate from the north west Masovia, located within the region of Poborze and Zawkrze, to the north of Mława river. The group is descendant of the Polish nobility that had inhabit the area in the Late Middle Ages. They are culturally separate from the neighbouring groups.
Łęczycans is an ethnographic group of Polish people that originate from the historical region of Łęczyca Land, located within borders of the Łódź Voivodeship, Poland. The group currently does not express much cultural separateness from other Poles. Historically, the group has been heavily inflected by the neighboring groups of Masovians, Greater Poland people, and Lesser Poland people.
Kuyavian Borowiaks is an ethnic subgroup of Kuyavians, who themselves are an ethnographic group of Polish people. They originate from the forest area of southern Kuyavia, located between the towns of Brdów, Przedecz, and Sompolno, within the counties of Koło and Konin, within the Greater Poland Voivodeship, Poland. They speak the Kuyavian subdialect of the Greater Poland dialect of Polish language. The group itself has inflected by nearby groups of Kashubians and Greater Poland people.
