| Siona lineata | |
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| Both in Estonia | |
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| Species: | S. lineata |
| Binomial name | |
| Siona lineata | |
Siona lineata, the black-veined moth, is a moth of the family Geometridae. The species was first described by Giovanni Antonio Scopoli in his 1763 Entomologia Carniolica . [1]
Subspecies include: [2]
This rather common species can be found throughout Europe. [3] It is quite rare in the United Kingdom, [4] only being found in east Kent. [5] It is also present in the Amur and Ussuri Regions, southern Siberia, central Asia, Kazakhstan, Caucasus, Asia Minor and Russia. [4]
These moths inhabit limestone and chalk grassland, rough downland, open woodlands, pastures and grassy areas. [6] [7]
The wingspan is 35–40 mm. [6] Wings are white or cream coloured with dusky veins in the upperside and black or dark brown veins on the underside. [7] The underside of the wings usually shows also a blackish transverse stripe beyond the middle, very faint in the hindwings. Fresh moths are usually cream coloured, but as they get older, the wings are becoming whiter. With the disappearance of the scales the black veins on the undersides become increasingly visible on the uppersides through the wings. [8]
The head is small, with large and globose lateral eyes. Legs are long and slender. The males have a long slender abdomen with a curved upward end, while in the females the abdomen is stouter and not curved. The females are also smaller and with more angular wings. In the females the abdomen has three longitudinal black lines. [8]
The moth flies during the day in one generation from the beginning of May to the end of June . The caterpillar feeds on various herbs, ( Origanum majorana , Dactylis glomerata , Hypericum maculatum , Vicia species, Galium verum , Solidago virgaurea , Achillea millefolium , Tanacetum vulgare ), and woody plants ( Salix aurita , Viburnum opulus ). [6] [9] [10] The species overwinters as half-grown caterpillar and then pupates in a cocoon attached to a grass blade, or a plant stem. [8]
The geometer moths are moths belonging to the family Geometridae of the insect order Lepidoptera, the moths and butterflies. Their scientific name derives from the Ancient Greek geo γεω, and metron μέτρον "measure" in reference to the way their larvae, or inchworms, appear to measure the earth as they move along in a looping fashion. A very large family, it has around 23,000 species of moths described, and over 1400 species from six subfamilies indigenous to North America alone. A well-known member is the peppered moth, Biston betularia, which has been subject of numerous studies in population genetics. Several other geometer moths are notorious pests.
Colias croceus, clouded yellow, is a small butterfly of the family Pieridae, the yellows and whites.
Aporia crataegi, the black-veined white, is a large butterfly of the family Pieridae. A. crataegi is widespread and common. Its range extends from northwest Africa in the west to Transcaucasia and across the Palearctic to Siberia and Japan in the east. In the south, it is found in Turkey, Cyprus, Israel, Lebanon and Syria. It is not usually present in the British Isles or northern Scandinavia.
Talicada nyseus, the red Pierrot, is a small but striking butterfly found in the Indian subcontinent and South-East Asia belonging to the lycaenids, or blues family. The red Pierrots, often found perching on its larva host plant, Kalanchoe, are usually noticed due to their striking patterns and colors.
Graphium antiphates, the five-bar swordtail, is a species of papilionid butterfly found in south and southeast Asia. The species was first described by Pieter Cramer in 1775.
Leptotes plinius, the zebra blue or plumbago blue, is a species of blue butterfly (Lycaenidae) found in Sri Lanka, India to Australia. The species was first described by Johan Christian Fabricius in 1793.
Belenois aurota, the pioneer or pioneer white or caper white, is a small to medium-sized butterfly of the family Pieridae, that is, the yellows and whites, which is found in South Asia and Africa. In Africa, it is also known as the brown-veined white, and is well known during summer and autumn when large numbers migrate north-east over the interior.
Ixias pyrene, the yellow orange tip, is a small butterfly of the family Pieridae, that is, the yellows and whites, which is found in Sri Lanka, India and southeast Asia.
Melitaea diamina, the false heath fritillary, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae.
Acytolepis puspa, the common hedge blue, is a small butterfly found in Cambodia, India, Myanmar, Thailand, Yunnan, Taiwan, Sri Lanka, Philippines, Borneo and New Guinea that belongs to the lycaenids or blues family. The species was first described by Thomas Horsfield in 1828.
Kaniska canace, the blue admiral, is a nymphalid butterfly, the only species of the genus Kaniska. It is found in south and southeast Asia.
Papilio demolion, the banded swallowtail, is a species of swallowtail butterfly belonging to the family Papilionidae.
Nacaduba pactolus, the large four-line blue, is a species of lycaenid butterfly found in Indomalayan realm.
Nacaduba berenice, the rounded six-line blue, is a lycaenid butterfly found in Indomalayan realm. The species was first described by Gottlieb August Wilhelm Herrich-Schäffer in 1869.
The Indian fritillary is a species of butterfly of the nymphalid or brush-footed family. It is usually found from south and southeast Asia to Australia.
Abraxas sylvata, the clouded magpie, is a Palearctic moth of the family Geometridae that was named by Giovanni Antonio Scopoli in 1763.
Idaea rusticata, the least carpet, is a moth of the family Geometridae. The species was first described by Michael Denis and Ignaz Schiffermüller in 1775.
Rhodometra sacraria, the vestal, is a moth of the family Geometridae. The species was first described by Carl Linnaeus in his 1767 12th edition of Systema Naturae.
Euchoeca is a monotypic moth genus in the family Geometridae erected by Jacob Hübner in 1823. Its only species, Euchoeca nebulata, the dingy shell, was described by Giovanni Antonio Scopoli in 1763. It is found in the Palearctic realm, from Europe across Russia to Japan.
Scopula helcita is a moth of the family Geometridae first described by Carl Linnaeus in his 1763 Centuria Insectorum. It is found in Cameroon, the Republic of the Congo, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Ghana, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, South Africa and Uganda.
