Sodium propionate

Last updated
Sodium propionate [1]
Sodium propanoate.png
Names
Preferred IUPAC name
Sodium propanoate
Other names
Sodium propionate
Napropion
E281
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChEBI
ChEMBL
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.004.810 OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg
EC Number
  • 205-290-4
E number E281 (preservatives)
PubChem CID
UNII
  • InChI=1S/C3H6O2.Na/c1-2-3(4)5;/h2H2,1H3,(H,4,5);/q;+1/p-1 Yes check.svgY
    Key: JXKPEJDQGNYQSM-UHFFFAOYSA-M Yes check.svgY
  • InChI=1/C3H6O2.Na/c1-2-3(4)5;/h2H2,1H3,(H,4,5);/q;+1/p-1
    Key: JXKPEJDQGNYQSM-REWHXWOFAH
  • [Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC
Properties
C3H5NaO2
Molar mass 96.060 g/mol
AppearanceTransparent crystals
Odor faint acetic-butyric odor
Melting point 289 °C (552 °F; 562 K)
1 g/ml
Solubility in ethanol 41.7 g/L
Pharmacology
S01AX10 ( WHO ) QA16QA02 ( WHO )
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Sodium propanoate or sodium propionate is the sodium salt of propionic acid which has the chemical formula Na(C 2 H 5 C O O). This white crystalline solid is deliquescent in moist air.

Contents

Reactions

It is produced by the reaction of propionic acid and sodium carbonate or sodium hydroxide.

Uses

It is used as a food preservative and is represented by the food labeling E number E281 in Europe; it is used primarily as a mold inhibitor in bakery products. It is approved for use as a food additive in the EU, [2] USA [3] and Australia and New Zealand [4] (where it is listed by its INS number 281).

Structure

Structure of sodium propionate, with methyl groups and H atoms omitted. Color code: red = O, blue = Na. CSD CIF YUYBEC.jpg
Structure of sodium propionate, with methyl groups and H atoms omitted. Color code: red = O, blue = Na.

Anhydrous sodium propionate is a polymeric structure, featuring trigonal prismatic Na+ centers bonded to six oxygen ligands provided by the carboxylates. A layered structure is observed, with the hydrophobic ethyl groups projecting into the layered galleries. With hydrated sodium propionate, some of these Na-carboxylate linkages are displaced by water.

See also

References

  1. ↑ Merck Index, 11th Edition, 8623.
  2. ↑ UK Food Standards Agency: "Current EU approved additives and their E Numbers" . Retrieved 2011-10-27.
  3. ↑ US Food and Drug Administration: "Listing of Food Additives Status Part II". Food and Drug Administration . Archived from the original on January 8, 2010. Retrieved 2011-10-27.
  4. ↑ Australia New Zealand Food Standards Code "Standard 1.2.4 - Labelling of ingredients". 8 September 2011. Retrieved 2011-10-27.
  5. ↑ Fábry, Jan; Samolová, Erika (2020). "Layered alkali propanoates M+(C2H5COO)−; M+= Na+, K+, Rb+, Cs+". Acta Crystallographica Section E. 76 (9): 1508–1513. Bibcode:2020AcCrE..76.1508F. doi:10.1107/S2056989020011469. PMC   7472758 . PMID   32939309.
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