Solbach

Solbach
Commune
A general view of Solbach
Coat of arms
Location of Solbach
Solbach Show map of France Solbach Show map of Grand Est
Coordinates: 48°25′41″N7°12′07″E / 48.4281°N 7.2019°E / 48.4281; 7.2019
Country	France
Region	Grand Est
Department	Bas-Rhin
Arrondissement	Molsheim
Canton	Mutzig
Government
• Mayor (2020–2026)	Ervain Loux [1]
Area 1	2.79 km2 (1.08 sq mi)
Population  (2021) [2]	102
• Density	37/km2 (95/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+01:00 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+02:00 (CEST)
INSEE/Postal code	67470 /67130
Elevation	367–750 m (1,204–2,461 ft)
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

Solbach is a commune in the Bas-Rhin department in Grand Est in north-eastern France. ^[3]

Geography

Solbach is located on the boundary between the Rothaine and Schirgoutte valleys. Overlooking the forests of Fouday, it is near Col de la Perheux, a high hill in Ban de la Roche with an altitude of 699 meters. The highest point of the commune is Mont Saint-Jean (altitude 750 m), a large meadow-covered hill which overhangs the village. Many routes linking the village to Col de la Perheux skirt around this hill, which is a favorite of hikers.

Solbach borders on the communes of Rothau to the north, La Broque to the northwest, Fouday to the west, southwest, and south, Waldersbach to the southeast and east, and Wildersbach to the northeast.

Notably, Solbach is currently the least populated of the eight former subdivisions of Ban de la Roche, and has the second lowest population of the 23 communes of the cantons of Schirmeck and Sâales together, ahead of Blancherupt.

Hydrography

Solbach is in the Rhine river basin within the Rhine-Meuse basin. It is drained by the Bruche, ^[4] whose 77-kilometer course from its source in the commune of Urbeis to its confluence with the Ill in Strasbourg runs through 37 communes. ^[5]

Hydrological map of Solbach.

Climate

The climate is classified as montane in the 2010 study by the French National Centre for Scientific Research based on data for 1971-2000. ^[6] In the 2020 typology of the climate of France published by Météo-France, the commune is has a semi-continental climate and belongs to the Vosges climatic region, characterized by high precipitation in all seasons (1,500-2000 mm/yr) and a harsh winter (less than 1 °C). ^[7]

For the 1971-2000 period, the mean temperature was 8.3 °C, with a mean yearly temperature range of 16.1 °C. The mean annual precipitation was 1287 mm, with 13.6 days of precipitation in January and 12 days in July. ^[6] For 1991-2020, the annual mean temperature observed at the nearest Météo-France weather station the Belmont station in Belmont (3 km) from Solbach as the crow flies), ^[8] was 7.0 °C and the mean annual precipitation was 1341.9 mm. ^[9]  ·. ^[10]

The climatic parameters of the commune have been estimated for mid-century (2041-2070) according to different greenhouse gas emission scenarios based on the new DRIAS-2020 climatic reference projections., ^[11] available on a website set up by Météo-France in November 2022. ^[12]

Settlement

Typology

As of 1 January 2004, Solbach is categorized as a rural commune with dispersed settlement according to the new seven-level commune classification defined by Insee in 2022. ^[13] It is not part of an urban unit. ^[14] However, it forms part of the Strasbourg functional area (French portion), in which it as an outer circle commune ^{[Note 2]}  ·. ^[14] This area, which includes 268 communes, is categorized as one of the areas other than Paris with 700,000 inhabitants or more ^[15]  ·. ^[16]

Land use

The commune's land use, as given in the European biophysical land use database Corine Land Cover (CLC), is marked by the importance of forests and semi-natural landscapes (81.9% in 2018), up from 77.8% in 1990. The detailed breakdown in 2018 is as follows: forests 60.1%, woody and/or herbaceous plant cover 21.8%, urbanized areas 9.3%, grassland 8.8%. ^[17] The changes in land use and infrastructure in the commune over time can be seen in the various cartographic representations of the territory: the Cassini map (18th century), the General Staff Map (1820-1866) and the IGN's contemporary maps and areal photos. ^{[Maps 1]}

Infrastructure and land use map of the commune (2018, CLC).

Name

"Solbach" is an Alsatian compound meaning "salty brook," from sol "salt" and bach "brook". ^[18]

History

The history of Solbach is closely tied to that of Ban de la Roche, since the commune formed part of its territory before the French Revolution. The village formerly lined the side of the Schleiffe de Berhine, which runs from the local road to the current Rue Principale, about 150 meters above the village entrance sign.

Since no textile factories have been installed as in most of the neighboring villages, agriculture has always been a major presence.

Heraldry

Solbach coat of arms.

Solbach's coat of arms are blazoned as follows:
"Parti : au premier de gueules aux trois rocs d'échiquier d'argent, au second d'argent à la fasce de sinople, à la bordure de gueules.". ^[19]

Politics and government

List of mayors

Current mayor: Ervain Loux (2001-2026) ^{[20] [21]}

Twin cities

Twinning with Woolstock.

Along with seven other Ban de la Roche communes (Bellefosse, Belmont, Fouday, Neuviller-la-Roche, Rothau, Wildersbach and Waldersbach), Solbach has been twinned since 15 July 1984 with Woolstock, a small town in Iowa, United States, where immigrants from Ban de la Roche settled in the 19th century.

Notable places and monuments

• Church overlooking the valley.

Church overlooking the valley.

See also

• Ban de la Roche
• Communes of the Bas-Rhin department

References

1. Intermittent watercourses are shown with dotted lines.
2. The city functional area concept replaced the former concept of urban area to allow useful comparison with other countries of the European Union.

1. IGN. "Évolution comparée de l'occupation des sols de la commune sur cartes anciennes". remonterletemps.ign.fr. Retrieved 17 July 2023..

1. "Répertoire national des élus: les maires". data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises (in French). 2 December 2020.
2. "Populations légales 2021" (in French). The National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies. 28 December 2023.
3. INSEE commune file
4. "Fiche communale de Solbach" . Retrieved 11 June 2024.
5. Sandre. "la Bruche".
6. Daniel Joly, Thierry Brossard, Hervé Cardot, Jean Cavailhes, Mohamed Hilal and Pierre Wavresky (18 June 2010). "Les types de climats en France, une construction spatiale". Cybergéo, revue européenne de géographie - European Journal of Geography (in French) (501). doi:10.4000/cybergeo.23155 . Retrieved 29 January 2024.
7. "Zonages climatiques en France métropolitaine". pluiesextremes.meteo.fr. Retrieved 29 January 2024..
8. "Orthodromie entre Solbach et Belmont". fr.distance.to. Retrieved 29 January 2024..
9. "Station Météo-France « Belmont », sur la commune de Belmont - fiche climatologique - période 1991-2020" (PDF). donneespubliques.meteofrance.fr. Retrieved 29 January 2024..
10. "Station Météo-France " Belmont ", sur la commune de Belmont - fiche de métadonnées" (PDF). donneespubliques.meteofrance.fr. Retrieved 29 January 2024..
11. "Les nouvelles projections climatiques de référence DRIAS-2020". drias-climat.fr. Retrieved 29 January 2024..
12. "Climadiag Commune : diagnostiquez les enjeux climatiques de votre collectivité". meteofrance.com. November 2022. Retrieved 29 January 2024..
13. "La grille communale de densité". Insee website. 28 May 2024. Retrieved 29 June 2024..
15. "Liste des communes composant l'aire d'attraction de Strasbourg (partie française)". Insee website. Retrieved 29 June 2024..
16. Marie-Pierre de Bellefon, Pascal Eusebio, Jocelyn Forest, Olivier Pégaz-Blanc and Raymond Warnod (Insee) (21 October 2020). "En France, neuf personnes sur dix vivent dans l'aire d'attraction d'une ville". Insee website. Retrieved 29 June 2024..
17. "CORINE Land Cover (CLC) - Répartition des superficies en 15 postes d'occupation des sols (métropole)". Ecological Transition Ministry data and research website. Retrieved 20 May 2021..
18. Ernest Nègre - Toponymie générale de la France - Volume 2 - Page 715
19. Jean-Paul de Gassowski. "Blasonnement des communes du Bas-Rhin". labanquedublason2.com. Retrieved 24 May 2009..
21. "Répertoire national des élus (RNE) - version du 24 juillet 2020". le portail des données publiques de l'État. Retrieved 10 September 2020..

Bibliography

• Carlos Fischer, Alsace Champêtre. Le parfait village, E. Sansot, Paris, 1907, 95 p., (réédité : Le parfait village. Solbach, Ban de la roche, 1904, Jean-Pierre Kruch éd., 1979, 91 p.)
• R. Godié et J. Elringer, « De "pile" en fontaine », L'Essor, No. 181
• ISC, « Ah ! qu'il est beau mon village (Solbach) », L'Essor, No. 16
• Arnold Kientzler, « Jean Bernard, de Solbach. Le dernier sabotier du Ban de la Roche », L'Essor, No. 133
• Denis Leypold, Le Ban de la Roche au temps des seigneurs de Rathsamhausen et de Veldenz (1489-1630), Oberlin, Strasbourg, 1989, 119 p.
• Denis Leypold, Solange Hisler, Pierre Moll, Eva Braun, Jean Frédéric Oberlin au Ban de la Roche, Association du Musée Oberlin, 1991, 89 p.
• Claude Mayens, « Une commune d'ouvriers paysans : Solbach », L'Essor, 97 p.
• « Les anciens commerces disparus », L'Essor, No. 200 (travail réalisé par les écoles primaires)
• « Solbach », in La Haute vallée de la Bruche, Patrimoine d’Alsace, Inventaire général des monuments et des richesses artistiques de la France, Éditions Lieux Dits, Lyon, 2005, p. 64-66 ISBN   978-2-914528-13-9
• Daniel Mehl, "Solbach historique et pittoresque" (74 pages) ; réalisation graphique et impression par Pointillés à Bischheim - Dépôt légal 2018.
• Daniel Mehl, "Promenade illustrée par les cartes postales" 87 pages - 110 cartes. Réalisation graphique et impression par Pointillés à Bischheim. Dépôt légal 2021 ISBN   979-10-976034-03

External links

• Solbach on the Insee website