Sparsentan

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Sparsentan
Sparsentan.svg
Clinical data
Trade names Filspari
Other namesRE-021, PS433540
AHFS/Drugs.com Monograph
MedlinePlus a623018
License data
Pregnancy
category
  • Contraindicated
Routes of
administration 		By mouth
ATC code
  • None
Legal status
Legal status
Identifiers
CAS Number
PubChem CID
DrugBank
UNII
KEGG
ChEBI
Chemical and physical data
3D model (JSmol)
  • CCCCC1=NC2(CCCC2)C(=O)N1CC1=CC=C(C(COCC)=C1)C1=CC=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)NC1=NOC(C)=C1C
  • InChI=1S/C32H40N4O5S/c1-5-7-14-29-33-32(17-10-11-18-32)31(37)36(29)20-24-15-16-26(25(19-24)21-40-6-2)27-12-8-9-13-28(27)42(38,39)35-30-22(3)23(4)41-34-30/h8-9,12-13,15-16,19H,5-7,10-11,14,17-18,20-21H2,1-4H3,(H,34,35)
  • Key:WRFHGDPIDHPWIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Sparsentan, sold under the brand name Filspari, is a medication used for the treatment of primary immunoglobulin A nephropathy. [1] Sparsentan is an endothelin and angiotensin II receptor antagonist. [1] [4] It is taken by mouth. [1]

Contents

The most common side effects include swelling of the extremities, low blood pressure, dizziness, high blood potassium, anemia, injury to the kidney, and increased liver enzymes in the blood. [5]

It was approved for medical use in the United States in February 2023. [5] [6] [7] The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) considers it to be a first-in-class medication. [8]

Medical uses

Sparsentan is indicated to reduce proteinuria in people with primary immunoglobulin A nephropathy. [1] [5]

Adverse effects

The most common side effects include swelling of the extremities, low blood pressure, dizziness, high blood potassium, anemia, injury to the kidney, and increased liver enzymes in the blood. [5]

Other potential risks of sparsentan include low blood pressure, injury to the kidney, high potassium in the blood, and fluid retention. [5] Sparsentan can cause changes in liver tests. [5] Some medicines that are like sparsentan can cause liver failure. [5]

Sparsentan can cause serious birth defects if taken during pregnancy and should not be started in someone who is pregnant. [5]

History

Sparsentan was discovered by Pharmacopeia, Inc. and developed as PS433540 as their lead compound in a new class of agents called dual acting receptor antagonists (DARA). PS433540 was originally developed as a treatment for hypertension and diabetic nephropathy. [9] After Pharmacopeia was acquired by Ligand Pharmaceuticals, the DARA programs was licensed to Retrophin and developed as RES-021 in 2012. [10] Retrophin would then be rebranded as Travere Therapeutics. [11]

Sparsentan was evaluated in a randomized, double-blind, active-controlled, clinical trial (PROTECT) in participants with IgA nephropathy. [5] Participants with IgA nephropathy and protein in the urine were randomly assigned to receive either sparsentan or irbesartan once daily. [5] The primary endpoint for accelerated approval was the mean change in urine protein at week 36 compared to baseline. [5]

The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted accelerated approved to sparsentan based on evidence from a clinical trial (PROTECT) of participants with IgA nephropathy. [5] The trial was conducted at 156 sites in 18 countries in North America, Europe, and Asia-Pacific. [5] The same trial was used to assess both efficacy and safety. [5] The efficacy analyses were based on an interim analysis of 281 participants (141 on sparsentan, 140 on irbesartan) who reached week 36 in the trial. [5] The safety analyses were based on 404 participants (202 each on sparsentan and irbesartan) who received at least one dose of either drug. [5]

Society and culture

Sparsentan was approved in the US under accelerated approval based on reduction of proteinuria. [1] [5] [12] In September 2024, the US FDA converted the conditional approval in the kidney disease IgA nephropathy (IgAN) into a full approval based on positive long-term confirmatory results from the PROTECT Study demonstrating that sparsentan significantly slowed kidney function decline over two years compared to irbesartan. [13] [14]

In February 2024, the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use of the European Medicines Agency adopted a positive opinion recommending the granting of a conditional marketing authorization for the medicinal product Filspari, intended for the treatment of adults with primary immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN). [2] The applicant for this medicinal product is Vifor France. [2] Sparsentan was approved for medical use in the European Union in April 2024. [2] [3]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">IgA nephropathy</span> Disease of the kidney

IgA nephropathy (IgAN), also known as Berger's disease, or synpharyngitic glomerulonephritis, is a disease of the kidney and the immune system; specifically it is a form of glomerulonephritis or an inflammation of the glomeruli of the kidney. Aggressive Berger's disease can attack other major organs, such as the liver, skin and heart.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Angiotensin II receptor blocker</span> Group of pharmaceuticals that modulate the renin–angiotensin system

Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), formally angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1) antagonists, also known as angiotensin receptor blockers, angiotensin II receptor antagonists, or AT1 receptor antagonists, are a group of pharmaceuticals that bind to and inhibit the angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1) and thereby block the arteriolar contraction and sodium retention effects of renin–angiotensin system.

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Irbesartan, sold under the brand name Aprovel among others, is a medication used to treat high blood pressure, heart failure, and diabetic kidney disease. It is a reasonable initial treatment for high blood pressure. It is taken by mouth. Versions are available as the combination irbesartan/hydrochlorothiazide.

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References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Filspari- sparsentan tablet, film coated". DailyMed. 17 February 2023. Retrieved 6 March 2023.
  2. 1 2 3 4 "Filspari EPAR". European Medicines Agency (EMA). 22 February 2024. Retrieved 24 February 2024. Text was copied from this source which is copyright European Medicines Agency. Reproduction is authorized provided the source is acknowledged.
  3. 1 2 "Filspari Product information". Union Register of medicinal products. 23 April 2024. Retrieved 7 September 2024.
  4. ↑ Chiu AW, Bredenkamp N (September 2023). "Sparsentan: A First-in-Class Dual Endothelin and Angiotensin II Receptor Antagonist". The Annals of Pharmacotherapy. 58 (6): 645–656. doi:10.1177/10600280231198925. PMID   37706310. S2CID   261743204.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 "Drug Trials Snapshots: Filspari". U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). 17 February 2023. Retrieved 7 September 2024.PD-icon.svg This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain .
  6. ↑ "Travere Therapeutics Announces FDA Accelerated Approval of Filspari (sparsentan), the First and Only Non-immunosuppressive Therapy for the Reduction of Proteinuria in IgA Nephropathy" (Press release). Travere Therapeutics. 17 February 2023. Retrieved 17 February 2023– via GlobeNewswire.
  7. ↑ Syed YY (April 2023). "Sparsentan: First Approval". Drugs. 83 (6): 563–568. doi:10.1007/s40265-023-01864-x. PMC   10232600 . PMID   37022667.
  8. ↑ New Drug Therapy Approvals 2023 (PDF). U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) (Report). January 2024. Archived from the original on 10 January 2024. Retrieved 9 January 2024.
  9. ↑ "PHARMACOPEIA LAUNCHES STUDY OF DARA COMPOUND | FDAnews". www.fdanews.com.
  10. ↑ "Ligand Licenses DARA Program to Retrophin". investor.ligand.com. 21 February 2012.
  11. ↑ https://www.fiercebiotech.com/biotech/retrophin-sheds-shkreli-connection-new-name-travere-therapeutics.{{cite news}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  12. ↑ "Ongoing Non-malignant Hematological, Neurological, and Other Disorder Indications Accelerated Approvals". U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). 21 August 2024. Retrieved 7 September 2024.
  13. ↑ "Travere Therapeutics Announces Full FDA Approval of Filspari (sparsentan), the Only Non-Immunosuppressive Treatment that Significantly Slows Kidney Function Decline in IgA Nephropathy" (Press release). Travere Therapeutics. 5 September 2024. Retrieved 7 September 2024– via GlobeNewswire.
  14. ↑ "Despite trial scare, Travere's Filspari gains full FDA nod in kidney disease showdown with Novartis". fiercepharma.com.
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