Stone Jail Building and Row House | |
Location | Water St. Tonopah, Nevada |
---|---|
Area | less than one acre |
Built | 1903 |
MPS | Tonopah MRA |
NRHP reference No. | 82003248 [1] |
Added to NRHP | May 20, 1982 |
The Stone Jail Building and Row House are two adjacent stone buildings located on Water Street in Tonopah, Nevada. The jail was built in 1903 and the adjacent row house in 1908. Both building were at one time used as a brothel. [2] The buildings were added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1982. [3] [4]
In May 1900 prospector Jim Butler found silver ore in Mount Oddle. [5] Other prospectors followed, and a small mining town started to grow at the foot of the hills. By November 1900 this had grown into the town of Tonopah. In 1901 a timber framed jail had been built, and at the end of that year the population had risen to between 2,000 and 3,000. [6]
The more secure stone jail was built in 1903 to replace the existing timer frame building. The jail was built on Water Street, which was considered Tonopah's red light district at the time, possibly because county commissioner Egan and district attorney Charles L. Richards wished to keep the jail out of the town's more prominent areas. [2]
The Nye County seat was moved from Belmont to Tonopah in 1905, and the Nye County Courthouse built. A jail was added to the courthouse in 1907 [7] and the old jail became a private residence. [2]
The adjacent row house, ("cribs") was built in 1908 as a brothel and the jail also became a brothel around this time. The row house has since been called "one of the best preserved brothels in Tonopah" by a historic survey. The jail was at some time used as a garage. [2]
The jail house is a single story building of 20 by 25 feet. It is built of uncut random stone with chink and mortar bonding, under a double pitched corrugated metal roof. The original steel door is no longer in place and the opening enlarged to take timber garage doors. At the time of listing as a historic place, the window still had the original steel bars in place. A shed roof addition was built in about 1908, but this was later removed. [2]
The row house is also a single story rectangular building built of cut granite. The original sloping asphalt roof was still in place at the time of listing. The building is divided into 3 bays of a single room, each room having its own external door and window. This is a typical "crib" arrangement for prostitution. [2]
The buildings were added to the register on May 20, 1982, as one of a number of buildings in Tonopah added on that date. Others added included Nye County Courthouse, Tonopah Public Library and Tonopah Volunteer Firehouse and Gymnasium. [6]
Tombstone Courthouse State Historic Park is a state park of Arizona in the United States. Located in Tombstone, the park preserves the original Cochise County courthouse. The two-story building, constructed in 1882 in the Victorian style, is laid out in the shape of a cross and once contained various county offices, including those of the sheriff, recorder, treasurer, and the Board of Supervisors as well as courtrooms and a jail. Inside, the courthouse contains a museum with numerous artifacts from the town's history while outside, a replica gallows has been constructed in the courtyard to mark the spot where seven men were hanged for various crimes. The park was one of the first to be designated as a state park and in 1959 was the first to open following the 1957 establishment of the Arizona State Parks Board.
The Nye County Courthouse in Tonopah, Nevada is a two-story rusticated stone building. Its Romanesque Revival entrance and pointed dome are unique in Nevada. The courthouse was built following the move of the Nye County seat from Belmont to Tonopah in 1905.
The Tonopah Public Library in Tonopah, Nevada was the third public library in Nevada.The one story stone building was designed by John J. Hill and was completed in 1906. The library was established by local residents Grace R. Moore and Marjorie Moore Brown to house a gift of 200 books from George F. Weeks.
The Bass Building is a historic building located at 119 St. Patrick in Tonopah, Nevada. Built in 1904, the building is the third oldest stone commercial building in Tonopah. The building has a simple stone design reflective of a transitional period between rustic and well-crafted stone buildings. A. A. Bass built the structure as a lodging house; it later served as offices for a telephone company and as a fraternal lodge. A 1912 fire gutted the building's interior, but Bass rebuilt it the following year.
The Tonopah Liquor Company Building is a historic building located on Main St. in Tonopah, Nevada. The building was constructed in 1906 by the Tonopah Liquor Company. The stone building was designed in the Classical Revival style and features a large pediment with a stone cornice. While the building was one of many stone structures built in Tonopah's early history, it is now one of only four remaining in the town; a local historic survey claimed it to be the most well-crafted of the remaining buildings.
The Water Company of Tonopah Building is a historic building located at the intersection of Burrough and Brougher Avenues in Tonopah, Nevada. Built in 1909, the building housed offices for the Water Company of Tonopah. Tonopah's first water service began in 1902, when three water companies each gained franchises to provide water to one district of the town. By 1905, Philadelphia businessman John Brock owned two of the water companies, which he consolidated into the Water Company of Tonopah. Brock also owned multiple mines in Tonopah and the local railroad. The Water Company of Tonopah Building is the only surviving building which belonged to one of Tonopah's early water companies.
The Tonopah Volunteer Firehouse and Gymnasium is a historic fire station located at the intersection of Brougher and Burro Streets in Tonopah, Nevada. Built in 1907, the firehouse housed Tonopah's volunteer fire department. The firehouse was built by Tonopah's newly appointed fire chief to address inadequacies in the town's fire protection services, which had failed to stop a major fire in 1904. A gymnasium for the firefighters was constructed next to the fire station in 1908. Tonopah still suffered three major fires after its fire station was built, including a 1920 fire which damaged the station itself; the building was subsequently restored to its original condition.
The Nye County Mercantile Company Building is a historic building located at 147 Main St. in Tonopah, Nevada. The two-story concrete block building was constructed in 1905. While concrete blocks were a popular building material in the era, the building was one of the first in Tonopah to be built with the blocks. Businessman Henry C. Cutting built the building to house his mercantile business. Cutting opened the first mercantile business in Tonopah; he reorganized the business as the Nye County Mercantile Company when he constructed its new building.
The Wieland Brewery Building is a historic building located on Mineral Street in Tonopah, Nevada. Built in 1901, the building was the first stone building constructed in Tonopah. It was also one of the first permanent buildings built in the town, which was still primarily a mining camp at the time. The building had several owners in its early years. It was apparently first owned by H.C. Brougher, but businessman Harry King bought the brewery by the end of 1901. King sold the brewery to two other businessmen in the spring 1902 but purchased it again by the following October. At the end of 1902, King added a crafted parapet to the building, which indicates that Tonopah had local stone craftsmen by that time.
St. Mark's Episcopal Church, also known as St. Marks P.E. Church, is a historic church located at 210 University Ave. in Tonopah, Nevada, United States. The church was built from 1906 to 1907 by stonemason E.E. Burdick. Burdick's work on the church has been called "some of the finest craftsmanship to be found in Tonopah". Architect G.B. Lyons designed the church in the Gothic Revival style; his design features Gothic arches at the windows and front entrance and gables topped with crosses on the roof and the entrance.
The Board and Batten Cottage is a board and batten house located on Prospect Street in Tonopah, Nevada. The house was built in 1909. Its design features a T-shaped plan with symmetrical features, a hipped roof, and molded and boxed cornices along the roof line. The house originally had two porches, including one along the entire front of the building, but both have been removed. Board and batten homes were common in early Tonopah, and the house is a relatively intact example of the style.
The Cal Shaw Adobe Duplex is an adobe house located at 129 Central Street in Tonopah, Nevada. The house, which was built in 1905, is typical of the adobe homes commonly built in Tonopah in the early 1900s. The building's exterior is scored to resemble stone; the home's design also features a decorative frieze and a porch supported by turned columns. The home has changed little since its construction and has been called "the best preserved adobe residence in Tonopah" by a local historic survey.
The Cal Shaw Stone Row House is a stone row house located on Central Street in Tonopah, Nevada, United States. Property owner Cal Shaw built the house in 1906 next to the Cal Shaw Adobe Duplex, which was built the previous year. While the house was built with stone instead of adobe, it features a similar design to the adobe house, particularly in its projecting roof and porch supported by columns. The house and its neighbor reflect the variety of homes built on Central Street, one of the earliest residential areas in Tonopah. In addition, the house's detailed and well-preserved design led a local historic survey to call it "one of the best preserved examples of stone residential construction in Tonopah".
The Combellack Adobe Row House is an adobe row house located on Central Street in Tonopah, Nevada. The Tonopah Extension Mining Company built the home in 1903 to house its employees. The house is the oldest adobe home in Tonopah; its walls were cast in place rather than built in blocks, as the former method was more efficient and more popular in the town. The home was part of one of Tonopah's first residential areas on Central Street, which was a well-developed district by 1904. J.M. Combellack, who had lived in the home since it was built, became its owner in 1905.
The Charles Clinton Stone Row House is a stone row house located at 151 Central Street in Tonopah, Nevada, United States. Charles Clinton built the house in 1905 to use as a boarding house. The building's plan, designed to fit a narrow plot of land, features a series of rooms connected by an inside corridor. The house was built in ashlar stone and is topped by a hipped roof. After its use as a boarding house, the building served as a hospital.
The Judge W. A. Sawle House is a historic house located at 151 Central Street in Tonopah, Nevada, United States. W. A. Sawle, the local Justice of the Peace, built the house for himself in 1904. The frame house was designed in a blend of the Late Victorian and Colonial Revival styles. The home has a T-shaped plan and features a verandah with a crooked shape and a balustrade, wooden jig-cut bracketing along the top of the verandah, and a hipped roof. While living in the house, Sawle became Nye County's recorder and auditor, helped establish Tonopah's first Justice Court building, fathered the first baby born in the city, and invested in the local mining business.
The Jim Butler Mining Company Stone Row Houses are a pair of stone duplex houses located at 314 Everett Ave. in Tonopah, Nevada, United States. The Jim Butler Mining Company built the houses on its mining grounds in 1904 to house its workers. The houses feature stone walls and pyramid-shaped roofs; each home has two rooms on each side. The homes are typical of workers' housing used in Tonopah's mining industry. Margaret Cluff bought the houses in 1905 to use as rental properties.
The Brann Boardinghouse is a historic boarding house located on Bryan Street in Tonopah, Nevada. The 2+1⁄2-story building is the largest wood-frame residence in Tonopah. The building's design includes a two-story porch with a balustrade along the second floor, molded cornices, boxed eaves, and a hipped roof; the inside has 18 rooms connected by two central hallways, one on each floor. Mrs. A.J. Brann built the boarding house in 1906. It was one of many boarding houses built in Tonopah to house the community's miners. The house is now one of only four boarding houses remaining in Tonopah.
The State Bank and Trust Company Building, more commonly known as the Belvada, is a historic bank building located at 102 Brougher Avenue in Tonopah, Nevada. The building was constructed in 1906 for the State Bank and Trust Company, a local bank founded in 1902. Architect George E. Holesworth designed the building in the Classical Revival style. Holesworth's design features granite pilasters separating the building's bays, a dentillated metil cornice with modillions along the roof, and an egg-and-dart cornice at the top of the first floor. The bank moved into the building in June 1907, but it only occupied it for four months. The bank had lent the L.M. Sullivan Trust Company, a land speculating company, a large sum, and when the company failed, the bank did as well. In 1908, the Nevada Club Saloon opened in the building; it was joined by the First National Bank of Nevada later in the year. The five-story building and the nearby Mizpah Hotel, also five stories, were the tallest buildings in the state until 1927.
The Dr. J. R. Masterson House, at Ohio Ave. and 2nd St. in Tonopah, Nevada, is a 35-by-35-foot stone and frame historic building that was built in 1908. It has also been known as the Fred Chapman House. It was built as a residence and later served as a rooming house for most of its existence. It was a work of James Golden. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.