Subulina

Subulina
A live individual of Subulina striatella
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Mollusca
Class:	Gastropoda
Subclass:	Heterobranchia
Order:	Stylommatophora
Suborder:	Achatinina
Superfamily:	Achatinoidea
Family:	Achatinidae
Genus:	Subulina Beck, 1837 [1]
Type species
Bulimus octonusBruguière, 1789
Synonyms
Achatina (Subulina)H. Beck, 1837 (original rank) Rumina (Subulina)H. Beck, 1837 (unaccepted rank) Stenogyra (Subulina)H. Beck, 1837

Subulina is a genus of small tropical air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Achatinidae. ^[2]

Subulina is the type genus of the subfamily Subulininae. ^[3]

Species

The genus Subulina includes the following species:

• Subulina abessinica (Thiele, 1933)
• Subulina albini Germain, 1923
• Subulina avakubiensis Pilsbry, 1919
• Subulina bequaerti Pilsbry, 1919
• Subulina biafrae Ortiz de Zárate & Ortiz de Zárate, 1959
• Subulina bicolumellaris E. von Martens, 1895
• Subulina bruggenorum Breure & Ablett, 2018
• Subulina canonica (Mousson, 1886)
• Subulina cereola (Morelet, 1860)
• Subulina chiarinii Pollonera, 1887
• Subulina connollyi Bacci, 1951
• Subulina emini (E. A. Smith, 1890)
• Subulina entebbana (Pollonera, 1907)
• Subulina erlangeri O. Boettger, 1907
• Subulina feai Germain, 1912
• Subulina ferriezi (Morelet, 1882)
• Subulina glabella (Morelet, 1883)
• Subulina glyptochephala Pilsbry, 1919
• Subulina gracilenta (Morelet, 1867)
• Subulina gracillima Connolly, 1919
• Subulina gratacapi Pilsbry, 1919
• Subulina intermedia Taylor, 1877
• Subulina jaensis Preston, 1909
• Subulina kassaiana Rochebrune & Germain, 1904
• Subulina krebedjeensis Germain, 1907
• Subulina lacuum O. Boettger, 1907
• Subulina lasti (E. A. Smith, 1890)
• Subulina leia Putzeys, 1899
• Subulina lowei Pilsbry, 1919
• Subulina mabilliana Bourguignat, 1883
• Subulina mamillata (Craven, 1880)
• Subulina manampetsaensis Fischer-Piette & Testud, 1964
• Subulina maringoensis Preston, 1910
• Subulina moreleti Girard, 1893
• Subulina mrimensis Verdcourt, 1979
• Subulina munzingerii (Jickeli, 1873)
• Subulina newtoni Girard, 1893
• Subulina normalis (Morelet, 1885)
• Subulina octogona Bruguière, 1792 ^[4]
• Subulina octona (Bruguière, 1798) ^[5] - miniature awlsnail
• Subulina ornata (Morelet, 1888)
• Subulina parana Pilsbry, 1906
• Subulina pengensis Pilsbry, 1919
• Subulina pergracilis E. von Martens, 1897
• Subulina perlucida (Preston, 1910)
• Subulina perstriata E. von Martens, 1895
• Subulina petrensis (Morelet, 1866)
• Subulina pileata (E. von Martens, 1876)
• Subulina pyramidalis (Morelet, 1883)
• Subulina roccatii Pollonera, 1906
• Subulina simplex (Morelet, 1882)
• Subulina sinistrorsa'' Dupuis, 1922
• Subulina suaveolata (Jickeli, 1873)
• Subulina subangulata Putzeys, 1899
• Subulina subcrenata E. von Martens, 1895
• Subulina taruensis Connolly, 1923
• Subulina terebella (Morelet, 1886)
• Subulina thysvillensis Pilsbry, 1919
• Subulina totistriata Pilsbry, 1906
• Subulina tribulationis Preston, 1911
• Subulina turtoni Connolly, 1923
• Subulina usambarica K. Pfeiffer ^[6]
• Subulina viridula Connolly, 1923
• Subulina vitrea (Mousson, 1888)
• Subulina yatesi (L. Pfeiffer, 1855)

Synonyms

• Subulina abditaPoey, 1858: synonym of Leptinaria striosa (C. B. Adams, 1849) (junior synonym)
• Subulina angustata(Jickeli, 1873): synonym of Homorus angustatus (Jickeli, 1873)
• Subulina angustior(Dohrn, 1866): synonym of Striosubulina striatella (Rang, 1831)
• Subulina antinorii(Morelet, 1872): synonym of Homorus antorinii (Morelet, 1872)
• Subulina arabicaConnolly, 1941: synonym of Homorus arabicus (Connolly, 1941) (original combination)
• Subulina castaneaE. von Martens, 1895: synonym of Oreohomorus castaneus (E. von Martens, 1895)
• Subulina chiradzuluensis E. A. Smith, 1899: synonym of Subuliniscus chiradzuluensis (E. A. Smith, 1899) (original combination)
• Subulina crystallinaMelvill & Ponsonby, 1896: synonym of Opeas crystallinum (Melvill & Ponsonby, 1896) (original combination)
• Subulina cyanostomaBeck, 1837: synonym of Achatina cyanostomaL. Pfeiffer, 1842: synonym of Homorus cyanostomus'' (L. Pfeiffer, 1842) (nomen nudum)
• Subulina cylindraceaBourguignat, 1890: synonym of Subulona cylindracea (Bourguignat, 1890) (original combination)
• Subulina dohertyiE. A. Smith, 1903: synonym of Nothapalus dohertyi (E. A. Smith, 1903) (original combination)
• Subulina elegansE. von Martens, 1895: synonym of Ischnoglessula elegans (E. von Martens, 1895) (original combination)
• Subulina eulimoidesPreston, 1909: synonym of Opeas eulimoides (Preston, 1909) (original combination)
• Subulina glaucocyaneaMelvill & Ponsonby, 1896: synonym of Euonyma acus (Morelet, 1889)
• Subulina grandisMadge, 1938: synonym of Subulina striatella(Rang, 1831): synonym of Striosubulina striatella (Rang, 1831) (junior synonym)
• Subulina isseliJickeli, 1874: synonym of Pseudopeas isseli (Jickeli, 1874) (original combination)
• Subulina jickeliiBourguignat, 1879: synonym of Homorus variabilis var. jickelii(Bourguignat, 1879): synonym of Homorus variabilis (Jickeli, 1873) (original combination)
• Subulina joubertiBourguignat, 1890: synonym of Subulona jouberti (Bourguignat, 1890) (original combination)
• Subulina kempiPreston, 1912: synonym of Nothapalinus kempi (Preston, 1912) (original combination)
• Subulina laeocochlisMelvill & Ponsonby, 1896: synonym of Euonyma laeocochlis (Melvill & Ponsonby, 1896) (original combination)
• Subulina lagariensisE. A. Smith, 1904: synonym of Subulona lagariensis (E. A. Smith, 1904) (original combination)
• Subulina lentaE. A. Smith, 1880: synonym of Subulona lenta (E. A. Smith, 1880) (original combination)
• Subulina lhotelleriiBourguignat, 1879: synonym of Homorus variabilis var. lhotellerii(Bourguignat, 1879): synonym of Homorus variabilis (Jickeli, 1873) (original combination)
• Subulina maurtiana(L. Pfeiffer, 1853): synonym of Allopeas mauritianum(L. Pfeiffer, 1853): synonym of Allopeas clavulinum (Potiez & Michaud, 1838) (superseded combination)
• † Subulina nitidulaKlika, 1891: synonym of † Pseudoleacina nitidula (Klika, 1891) (new combination)
• Subulina octana [sic]: synonym of Subulina octona(Bruguière, 1789) (unaccepted > misspelling)
• Subulina paucispiraE. von Martens, 1892: synonym of Nothapalus paucispira (E. von Martens, 1892) (original combination)
• Subulina perrierianaBourguignat, 1883: synonym of Homorus perrierianus (Bourguignat, 1883) (original combination)
• Subulina pietersburgensisPreston, 1909: synonym of Opeas lineare (F. Krauss, 1848)
• Subulina pinguisE. von Martens, 1895: synonym of Subulona pinguis (E. von Martens, 1895)
• Subulina plebeia(Morelet, 1885): synonym of Pseudopeas plebeium (Morelet, 1885) (superseded combination)
• Subulina porrectaE. von Martens, 1898: synonym of Mayaxis porrecta (E. von Martens, 1898) (original combination)
• Subulina purcelliMelvill & Ponsonby, 1901: synonym of Euonyma purcelli (Melvill & Ponsonby, 1901) (original combination)
• Subulina ruwenzoriensisPollonera, 1907: synonym of Subuliniscus ruwenzoriensis (Pollonera, 1907) (original combination)
• Subulina sargiCrosse & P. Fischer, 1877: synonym of Pseudosubulina sargi (Crosse & P. Fischer, 1877) (original combination)
• Subulina servainiMabille, 1887: synonym of Tortaxis servaini (Mabille, 1887) (original combination)
• Subulina solidiusculaE. A. Smith, 1880: synonym of Subulona solidiuscula (E. A. Smith, 1880) (original combination)
• Subulina splendensThiele, 1910: synonym of Homorus splendens (Thiele, 1910) (original combination)
• Subulina striatella(Rang, 1831): synonym of Striosubulina striatella (Rang, 1831) (superseded combination)
• Subulina strigilisMelvill & Ponsonby, 1901: synonym of Opeas strigile (Melvill & Ponsonby, 1901) (original combination)
• Subulina suaveolansJickeli, 1874: synonym of Homorus suaveolatus (Jickeli, 1873) (unjustified subsequent emendation)
• Subulina subulata (Jickeli, 1873): synonym of Homorus subulatus (Jickeli, 1873)
• Subulina trochlea(L. Pfeiffer, 1842): synonym of Subulina octona (Bruguière, 1789) (junior synonym)
• Subulina tugelensiisMelvill & Ponsonby, 1897: synonym of Euonyma tugelensis (Melvill & Ponsonby, 1897) (original combination)
• Subulina unctaE. A. Smith, 1903: synonym of Nothapalus unctus (E. A. Smith, 1903) (original combination)
• Subulina variabilis(Jickeli, 1873): synonym of Homorus variabilis (Jickeli, 1873)
• Subulina victoriae(Kobelt, 1913): synonym of Subulina entebbana (Pollonera, 1907) (junior synonym)
• Subulina virgoPreston, 1911: synonym of Cecilioides virgo (Preston, 1911) (original combination)

References

1. Beck (1837). Index Moll. Mus. Ch. Fred. (1): 76.
2. MolluscaBase eds. (2022). MolluscaBase. Subulina H. Beck, 1837. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=818582 on 2022-07-07
3. Bouchet, Philippe; Rocroi, Jean-Pierre; Frýda, Jiri; Hausdorf, Bernard; Ponder, Winston; Valdés, Ángel & Warén, Anders (2005). "Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families". Malacologia . Hackenheim, Germany: ConchBooks. 47 (1–2): 1–397. ISBN   3-925919-72-4. ISSN   0076-2997.
4. Alan Solem, Malacological Applications of Scanning Electron Microscopy; The veliger vol. 14 (1971-1972)
5. Juřičková L. (2006). "Subulina octona (Bruguière, 1798) – a new greenhouse species for the Czech Republic (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Subulinidae)". Malacologica Bohemoslovaca 5: 1–2. Online serial at <http://mollusca.sav.sk> 30-Jan-2006. PDF.
6. Tattersfield, P. (1996). "Subulina usambarica". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 1996: e.T21126A9249150. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T21126A9249150.en . Retrieved 16 November 2021.

External links

• ITIS info
• Beck, H. (1837). Index molluscorum praesentis aevi musei principis augustissimi Christiani Frederici. 1-99. Hafniae
• Nevill, G. (1869). Additional notes on the land-shells of the Seychelles Islands. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. 1869: 61-66
• Poinar, G. O., Jr. & Roth, B. (1991). Terrestrial snails (Gastropoda) in Dominican amber. The Veliger. 34(3): 253-258
• Breure, A. S. H. & Araujo, R. (2017). The Neotropical land snails (Mollusca, Gastropoda) collected by the “Comisión Científica del Pacífico.”. PeerJ. 5, e3065.