Tamisiocaris

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Size diagram 20210215 Tamisiocaris size.png
Size diagram

Tamisiocaris
Temporal range: Cambrian Stage 3
20191228 Radiodonta frontal appendage Tamisiocaris borealis.png
20210630 Tamisiocaris borealis frontal appendage mobility.gif
Movement of a frontal appendage
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Dinocaridida
Order: Radiodonta
Family: Tamisiocarididae
Genus: Tamisiocaris
Daley & Peel, 2010
Species:
T. borealis
Binomial name
Tamisiocaris borealis
Daley & Peel, 2010

Tamisiocaris (from Latin tamisium, sieve, and Greek karis, crab, shrimp) is a radiodont genus initially only known from frontal appendages from the Cambrian Sirius Passet lagerstatte in northern Greenland. It was initially described initially in 2010. [1] Further study in 2014 revealed that the frontal appendages were segmented and bore densely packed auxiliary spines, which were adapted to suspension feeding in a manner analogous to modern baleen whales. [2] It is assigned to the family Tamisiocarididae, and is measured about 22.8–33.6 cm (0.75–1.10 ft) long. [3]

Phylogeny

Tamisiocaris in cladogram after Vinther et al., 2014. [2]

Radiodonta

Related Research Articles

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dinocaridida</span> Extinct class of basal arthropods

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sirius Passet</span> Cambrian Lagerstätte in Greenland

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Tamisiocarididae is a family of radiodonts, extinct marine animals related to arthropods, that bore finely-spined appendages that were presumably used in filter-feeding. When first discovered, the clade was named Cetiocaridae after a speculative evolution artwork, Bearded Ceticaris by John Meszaros, that depicted a hypothetical filter-feeding radiodont at a time before any were known to exist. However, the family name was not valid according to the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, as no real genus named "Cetiocaris" exists, and in 2019 it was formally replaced by the name Tamisiocarididae, after the only valid genus of the clade at the time. The family is only known from Series 2 of the Cambrian, unlike other radiodont families, which persisted longer into the Cambrian. All known species would have lived in tropical or subtropical waters, suggesting a preference for warmer waters.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Amplectobeluidae</span> Extinct clade of Cambrian organisms

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hurdiidae</span> Extinct family of arthropods

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Houcaris is a possibly paraphyletic radiodont genus, tentatively assigned to either Amplectobeluidae, Anomalocarididae or Tamisiocarididae, known from Cambrian Series 2 of China and the United States. The type species is Houcaris saron which was originally described as a species of the related genus Anomalocaris. Other possible species include H. magnabasis and H. consimilis. The genus Houcaris was established for the two species in 2021 and honors Hou Xianguang, who had discovered and named the type species Anomalocaris saron in 1995 along with his colleagues Jan Bergström and Per E. Ahlberg.

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Pahvantia is an extinct genus of hurdiid radiodont from the Cambrian. It is known by a single species, Pahvantia hastata, described from Wheeler Shale and Marjum Formation in Utah. Although it was once considered as filter feeder using large number of putative setae, this structures are later considered as misidentification of trunk materials.

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Pseudoangustidontus is a genus of hurdiid (peytoiid) radiodont from the Lower Ordovician of Morocco. This genus is known from two described species, P. duplospineus and P. izidigua, with some specimens that are hard to determine which species to belong to. This animal is only known from the Fezouata Formation, a fossil site in Morocco that is of Lagerstätte status, meaning that the fossils from this site are exceptionally preserved. Because of its partial remains, its classification was debated, but with more complete fossils it is identified as radiodont frontal appendage.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Aegirocassisinae</span> Subfamily of hurdiid radiodonts

Aegirocassisinae is a subfamily of radiodonts from the lower Paleozoic era. It belongs to the larger hurdiidae (peytoiid) family, which were the most diverse and long lasting radiodonts. The members of this subfamily are restricted to the Lower Ordovician-aged Fezouata Formation of Morocco. Currently only two genera are included: Aegirocassis and Pseudoangustidontus. These two genera possess large Baleen-like auxiliary spines on their frontal appendages, which suggests a suspension feeding lifestyle for the group. These radiodonts are some of the few known from sediments beyond the Cambrian period. This subfamily shows that following the Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event, which saw a rise in the plankton population in the worlds oceans, suspension feeding became more common in radiodonts then other feeding styles. It also seems that due to the evolution of new predators, like large nautiloid cephalopods, and other arthropod groups like the eurypterids, the radiodonts evolved suspension feeding lifestyles in order to minimize competition for food.

Bushizheia yangi is an extinct species of arthropod known from a single specimen found in the Early Cambrian Maotianshan Shales Lagerstätte in China. While it had a superficially trilobite-like bodyform, it also possessed large frontal appendages similar to those of radiodonts. It is morphologically similar to Kiisortoqia to which it is probably closely related.

References

  1. Daley, Allison & Peel, John S. (2010). "A possible anomalocaridid from the Cambrian Sirius Passet lagerstätte, North Greenland". Journal of Paleontology . 84 (2): 352–355. doi:10.1666/09-136R1.1.
  2. 1 2 Vinther, Jakob; Stein, Martin; Longrich, Nicholas R. & Harper, David A. T. (2014). "A suspension-feeding anomalocarid from the Early Cambrian". Nature. 507 (7493): 496–499. doi:10.1038/nature13010. hdl: 1983/88f89453-e81f-4767-a74d-1794c33e6b34 . PMID   24670770.
  3. Lerosey-Aubril, Rudy and Pates, Stephen (September 2018). "New suspension-feeding radiodont suggests evolution of microplanktivory in Cambrian macronekton". Nature Communications. 9 (1): 3774. Bibcode:2018NatCo...9.3774L. doi:10.1038/s41467-018-06229-7. PMC   6138677 . PMID   30218075. Dryad Data