Teofisto Guingona Jr. | |
---|---|
11th Vice President of the Philippines | |
In office February 7, 2001 –June 30, 2004 | |
President | Gloria Macapagal Arroyo |
Preceded by | Gloria Macapagal Arroyo |
Succeeded by | Noli de Castro |
Ambassador of the Philippines to China | |
In office 2004 –July 8,2005 | |
President | Gloria Macapagal Arroyo |
Secretary of Foreign Affairs | |
In office February 9,2001 –July 2,2002 | |
President | Gloria Macapagal Arroyo |
Preceded by | Domingo Siazon Jr. |
Succeeded by | Blas Ople |
President pro tempore of the Senate of the Philippines | |
In office January 18,1993 –July 6,1993 | |
Preceded by | Ernesto Maceda |
Succeeded by | Leticia Ramos-Shahani |
In office July 27,1987 –July 23,1990 | |
Preceded by | Senate re-established (Last held by Jose Roy) |
Succeeded by | Sotero Laurel |
Senate Majority Leader | |
In office July 23,1990 –July 22,1991 | |
Preceded by | Orly Mercado |
Succeeded by | Alberto Romulo |
Senate Minority Leader | |
In office July 27,1998 –February 7,2001 | |
Preceded by | Ernesto Maceda |
Succeeded by | Aquilino Pimentel Jr. |
Senator of the Philippines | |
In office June 30,1998 –February 7,2001 | |
In office June 30,1987 –July 6,1993 | |
Secretary of Justice | |
In office May 20,1995 –January 31,1998 | |
President | Fidel V. Ramos |
Preceded by | Demetrio Demetria |
Succeeded by | Silvestre Bello III |
Executive Secretary | |
In office July 6,1993 –May 19,1995 | |
President | Fidel V. Ramos |
Preceded by | Edelmiro Amante |
Succeeded by | Ruben Torres |
Chairman of the Commission on Audit | |
In office March 10,1986 –March 1987 | |
President | Corazon Aquino |
Preceded by | Position established |
Succeeded by | Eufemio Domingo |
Personal details | |
Born | Teofisto Tayko Guingona July 4,1928 San Juan,Rizal,Philippines [lower-alpha 1] |
Political party | Independent (2003–present) Lakas–NUCD (1998–2003) LDP (1992–1998) Liberal (1987–1992) PDP–Laban (1983–1987) Laban (1978–1983) |
Spouse | Ruth Saluper de Lara |
Children | 3,including Teofisto III |
Alma mater | Ateneo de Manila University (AB,LL.B) |
Teofisto "Tito" Tayko Guingona Jr. (born July 4,1928) is a Filipino politician and diplomat who served as the 11th Vice President of the Philippines from 2001 to 2004,during the first term of President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo. Born in San Juan,Rizal (now a part of Metro Manila),Teofisto is a graduate of Ateneo de Manila University,where he was a working student.
He was appointed as chairman of the Commission on Audit by then newly installed President Corazon C. Aquino in 1986 until 1987,when he was elected as a senator of the Philippines under the coalition of Lakas ng Bayan,led by Aquino. While a senator,he also served as the director and chairman of the Mindanao Development Authority and the Mindanao Labor Management Advisory Council. He won in the reelections in 1992 and became the majority leader a year after,but his term ended prematurely when newly elected President Fidel V. Ramos appointed him as executive secretary from 1993 until 1995 and as justice secretary from 1995 until 1998. He was re-elected to the Senate again as a minority leader from 1998 until 2001.
Guingona was appointed as vice president of the Philippines and secretary of foreign affairs by President Arroyo,after she was automatically promoted to the presidency from vice presidency after President Joseph "Erap" Estrada's ousting in EDSA II,making Guingona the only vice president who was not nationally elected to the position. When Guingona's term ended,he decided not to seek a full term election at the 2004 Philippine presidential election and was succeeded by Noli de Castro.
Guingona was born on July 4,1928,in San Juan,Rizal. His father,Teofisto Guingona,Sr.,was a former assemblyman,senator,judge and commissioner from Guimaras,Iloilo. His mother,Josefa Tayko,is of Siaton,Negros Oriental. He grew up in the provinces Agusan,Lanao,and Misamis Oriental,where he completed his elementary schooling with honors in Ateneo de Cagayan. [1] He pursued his studies at the Ateneo de Manila University as a working student,teaching history and political science while taking up courses in law and economics. He took up special studies in Public Administration,Economics,Sociology and Audit,in addition to playing a role in the new Aquila Legis fraternity (Second Batch 1950) becoming the most honorable Praeses or "bossman" in 1952-53 after founding bossman Joaquin Misa in 1949. [2] After graduation,he went into business and became a governor of the Development Bank of the Philippines and president of the Chamber of Commerce of the Philippines. [1]
Guingona was a delegate to the 1971 Constitutional Convention and,when martial law was declared in 1972 by President Ferdinand Marcos,he resisted the abuses of the regime,serving as a human rights lawyer. He founded SANDATA and became the honorary chairman of BANDILA,two mass-based organizations dedicated to social and economic reforms. Because of his opposition to martial rule he was jailed twice,first in 1972 and then in 1978. [1] When Marcos was ousted in 1986 as a result of the People Power Revolution,newly installed President Corazon Aquino appointed Guingona as chairman of the Commission on Audit,where he gained renown as a graft buster. [1]
Guingona was first elected to the Senate in 1987 under the Aquino-backed Lakas ng Bayan coalition. He was elected as Senate president pro tempore in 1987 and majority leader in 1990. Additionally,he served as director and chairman of the Mindanao Development Authority and the Mindanao Labor Management Advisory Council. [1]
In 1992,Guingona ran for reelection under the Laban ng Demokratikong Pilipino of Speaker of the House Ramon Mitra Jr. and won,placing 14th in the senatorial race. He became the majority leader again in 1993,but his term in the Senate was cut short when President Fidel V. Ramos appointed him as executive secretary the same year. In 1998,he was elected again to the Senate under Lakas-NUCD and was elected as minority leader. Guingona spoke out against the anomalies in the administration of President Joseph Estrada and was among the first to call for his resignation. On January 17,2001,he was one of the senators who voted in favor of opening an envelope that was said to contain incriminating evidence against Estrada. The final vote was 11–10,in favor of keeping the envelope closed,which further fueled anti-Estrada sentiments that led to another uprising on EDSA. When Estrada was ousted,Guingona emerged as the top choice for a successor to Vice President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo,who succeeded Estrada as president. [1]
President Fidel V. Ramos appointed Guingona as executive secretary in 1993,replacing Edelmiro Amante,who resigned. In 1995,Guingona was appointed as justice secretary. As justice secretary,he rejuvenated the Witness Protection Program and established the Prosecution Academy. He also implemented the Katarungang Pambarangay ,or the Barangay Justice System,and heightened public awareness of the Barangay Justice Program. He also held,in a concurrent capacity,the chairmanship of the Presidential Anti-Crime Commission.
Following the Second EDSA Revolution in January 2001 that overthrew President Joseph Estrada,Guingona was appointed as vice president of the Philippines by Arroyo,who succeeded Estrada to the presidency,on February 7. [3] Guingona is the only vice president who was not nationally elected to the position. He is also the oldest person to have held the position,being appointed at the age of 72. He also concurrently served as secretary of foreign affairs. During his time as vice-president,he was often at odds with Arroyo,particularly over foreign policy. He resigned as secretary of foreign affairs on July 2,2002. He also resigned from Lakas-NUCD on October 3,2003. In the 2004 Philippine elections,Guingona did not seek a full term election and was succeeded by Noli de Castro. In that election,he supported the presidential and vice-presidential bids of opposition candidates Fernando Poe Jr. and Senator Loren Legarda,respectively.
After the defeat of his candidate,Fernando Poe Jr.,Guingona supported the administration of Arroyo again by accepting the position of ambassador to China. He resigned as ambassador and joined the opposition again at the height of the Hello Garci scandal,a political scandal involving Arroyo's alleged rigging of the 2004 presidential elections. On November 29,2007,Guingona participated in the Manila Peninsula rebellion,a mutiny led by Senator Antonio Trillanes and Brigadier General Danilo Lim that called for Arroyo's resignation. He was arrested afterward,but on December 13,2007,the Makati Regional Trial Court dismissed rebellion cases against him. [4] [5] Guingona wrote his 346-page book Fight for the Filipino,which contains his memoirs. It was launched on July 4,2008,his 80th birthday,at the Manila Hotel. [6]
Guingona is married to Ruth de Lara, [7] a former mayor and vice mayor of Gingoog,Misamis Oriental. His son,Teofisto III,is a former senator of the Philippines while his daughter,Stella Marie,also served as mayor of Gingoog until 2019. [1]
Joseph Ejercito Estrada,, also known by the nickname Erap, is a Filipino politician and former actor. He served as the 13th President of the Philippines from 1998 to 2001, the 9th Vice President of the Philippines from 1992 to 1998, and the 26th Mayor of the City of Manila, the country's capital, from 2013 to 2019. In 2001, he became the first Chief Executive in Asia to be formally impeached and resigned from power. At the age of 86, he is currently the oldest living former Philippine President.
Lakas–Christian Muslim Democrats, abbreviated as Lakas–CMD and popularly known as Lakas, was a political party in the Philippines. Its ideology and that of its successor is heavily influenced by Christian and Islamic democracy. The party's influence on Philippine society is very strong, especially after the People Power Revolution, which has led the country to elect two presidents from the party, namely Fidel V. Ramos, a United Methodist, and Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, a Roman Catholic.
The Pwersa ng Masang Pilipino, formerly Partido ng Masang Pilipino, is a populist political party in the Philippines. It is the political party of former Philippine President Joseph E. Estrada. In the May 1998 presidential election, it aligned itself with other political parties to form the Laban ng Makabayang Masang Pilipino.
The Laban ng Makabayang Masang Pilipino was the umbrella political coalition opposition party during the 1998 Philippine general election that led to the election into the presidency of then-Vice President Joseph Estrada. It was the largest political party during that time, uniting the major Philippine political parties which included then Senator Edgardo Angara's Laban ng Demokratikong Pilipino, business tycoon Danding Cojuangco's Nationalist People's Coalition and Estrada's Partido ng Masang Pilipino, along with minor and regional parties. Angara, the running mate of Estrada, lost to fellow senator Gloria Macapagal Arroyo of Lakas—NUCD—UMDP. Estrada won the presidency against then-House Speaker Jose de Venecia Jr. with a plurality margin of six million votes.
The Second EDSA Revolution, also known as the Second People Power Revolution, EDSA 2001, or EDSA II, was a political protest from January 17–20, 2001 which peacefully overthrew the government of Joseph Estrada, the thirteenth president of the Philippines. Following allegations of corruption against Estrada and his subsequent investigation by Congress, impeachment proceedings against the president were opened on January 16. The decision by several senators not to examine a letter which would purportedly prove Estrada's guilt sparked large protests at the EDSA Shrine in Metro Manila, and calls for Estrada's resignation intensified in the following days, with the Armed Forces withdrawing their support for the president on January 19. On January 20 Estrada resigned and fled Malacañang Palace with his family. He was succeeded by Vice President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, who had been sworn into the presidency by Chief Justice Hilario Davide Jr. several hours earlier.
The 2001 election of members to the Senate of the Philippines was the 27th election to the Senate of the Philippines. It was held on Monday, May 14, 2001, to elect 12 of the 24 seats and one mid-term vacancy in the Senate. Independent candidate Noli de Castro, a journalist and former television anchor, was announced as the topnotcher. This became the first synchronized national and local elections held after the ouster of former President Joseph Estrada in January due to a military-backed civilian uprising, popularly known as EDSA II.
The 1998 election of members to the Senate of the Philippines was the 26th election to the Senate of the Philippines. It was held on Monday, May 11, 1998 to elect 12 of the 24 seats in the Senate. The two main competing coalitions in the senatorial election were Lakas—National Union of Christian Democrats—United Muslim Democrats of the Philippines and the Laban ng Makabayang Masang Pilipino umbrella coalition composed of Laban ng Demokratikong Pilipino, Pwersa ng Masang Pilipino, Nationalist People's Coalition, and Partido Demokratiko Pilipino—Lakas ng Bayan. The two coalitions split the 12 contested seats 7–5 in favor of LAMMP.
The 1992 election of members to the Senate of the Philippines was the 24th election to the Senate of the Philippines. It was held on Monday, May 11, 1992. This was the first general election under the 1987 Philippine Constitution. An estimated 80,000 candidates ran for 17,000 posts, from the presidency all the way down to municipal councilors.
The vice president of Republic of the Philippines is the second-highest official in the executive branch of the Philippine government and is the first in the presidential line of succession. The vice president is directly elected by the citizens of the Philippines and is one of only two nationally elected executive officials, the other being the president.
Renato "Rene" Salud de Villa is a Filipino former police and military officer and government official. He served as Chief of Philippine Constabulary, Director-General of the Integrated National Police, and Chief of Staff of the Armed Forces of the Philippines. He then served as Secretary of National Defense under presidents Corazon Aquino and Fidel V. Ramos. He founded Partido para sa Demokratikong Reporma for his unsuccessful presidential bid in 1998. He then briefly served as Executive Secretary under President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo.
Ramon Banzon Magsaysay Jr. is a Filipino politician and businessman. He is the son of former Philippine President Ramon Magsaysay.
Gregorio "Gringo" Ballesteros Honasan II, is a Filipino politician and a cashiered Philippine Army officer who led unsuccessful coups d'état against President Corazon Aquino. He played a key role in the 1986 EDSA Revolution that toppled President Ferdinand Marcos.
This article covers the history of the current Philippine republican state following the 1986 People Power Revolution, known as the Fifth Philippine Republic.
The 12th Congress of the Philippines, composed of the Philippine Senate and House of Representatives, met from July 23, 2001, until June 4, 2004, during the first three years of Gloria Macapagal Arroyo's presidency. The convening of the 12th Congress followed the 2001 general elections, which replaced half of the Senate membership, and the entire membership of the House of Representatives.
The 11th Congress of the Philippines, composed of the Philippine Senate and House of Representatives, met from July 27, 1998, until June 8, 2001, during the 31-month presidency of Joseph Estrada and the first four months of Gloria Macapagal Arroyo's presidency. The convening of the 11th Congress followed the 1998 national elections, which replaced half of the Senate membership, and the entire membership of the House of Representatives. The Estrada impeachment was the highlight of the 11th Congress.
The 1987 election of members to the Senate of the Philippines was the 23rd election to the Senate of the Philippines. It was held on Monday, May 11, 1987. The Philippine Senate was re-instituted following the approval of a new constitution in 1987 restoring the bicameral Congress of the Philippines; earlier, a constitution was approved in 1973 that created a unicameral Batasang Pambansa (parliament) that replaced the bicameral Congress. The last Senate election prior to this was the 1971 election.
Benjamin Santos Abalos Sr. is a Filipino politician who currently serves as the mayor of Mandaluyong, Metro Manila since 2022, a position he also held from 1986 to 1987 and from 1988 to 1998. He also served as a chairman of the Commission on Elections and chairman of the MMDA. He is the father of former Mandaluyong mayor and Interior and Local Government Secretary Benjamin "Benhur" Abalos Jr.
Teofisto "TG" de Lara Guingona III, or more commonly known as "TG" is a lawyer and the son of former vice president Teofisto "Tito" Guingona Jr. He was a congressman of the 2nd District of Bukidnon during the 13th and 14th Congress from 2004 to 2010 and a senator of the Philippines during the 15th and 16th Congress from 2010 to 2016.
The Laban ng Demokratikong Pilipino is a liberal political party in the Philippines.
De-Lara Guingona, official candidate of the coalition between Lakas-NUCD and Laban ng Demokratikong Pilipino, is the wife of Executive Secretary Teofisto Guingona Jr.