List of Philippine presidential firsts

Last updated December 04, 2024

The following is a list of firsts attained by various presidents of the Philippines. Distinctions were achieved while at office unless otherwise stated.

Emilio Aguinaldo (1899–1901)
Manuel L. Quezon (1935–1944)
Jose P. Laurel (1943–1945)
Sergio Osmeña (1944–1946)
Manuel Roxas (1946–1948)
Elpidio Quirino (1948–1953)
Ramon Magsaysay (1953–1957)
Carlos P. Garcia (1957–1961)
Diosdado Pangan Macapagal (1961–1965)
Ferdinand Marcos (1965–1986)
Corazon Aquino (1986–1992)
Fidel V. Ramos (1992–1998)
Joseph Ejercito Estrada (1998–2001)
Maria Gloria Macapagal Arroyo (2001–2010)
Benigno Aquino III (2010–2016)
Rodrigo Duterte (2016–2022)
Bongbong Marcos (2022-present)
See also
References

Emilio Aguinaldo (1899–1901)

First president of the Philippines,^[1] officially recognized as such. (See also: List of unofficial presidents of the Philippines)
First president to declare martial law (May 1898).^[2]^[3]
First president to be a Freemason.^[4]
First president to be a member of the military.^[5]
First and only president to be below the age of 30.^[6]
First president to live to the age of 90.
First president who became a widower following the death of his first wife Hilaria on March 6, 1921.
First president to remarry when he married María Agoncillo in 1930.
First president from Luzon (Cavite).^[7]
First president to outlive a successor upon the death of Manuel Quezon.
First president to outlive more than one successor, namely Manuel Quezon, Jose Laurel, Sergio Osmeña, Manuel Roxas, Elpidio Quirino and Ramon Magsaysay.

Manuel L. Quezon (1935–1944)

First president to be a lawyer.^[5]
First president from the province of Aurora, (Born in present day Baler, Aurora ).^[8]
First president to have held the positions of councilor, provincial governor, representative, senator, and Senate president.
First officially recognized president to be a member of a political party while in office.
First president who is a member of the Nacionalista Party.
First president to run against a former president. (Emilio Aguinaldo)
First president to win the presidency by direct election. (1935)
First president to ride an aircraft while in office.^[9]
First president to use Filipino on the State of the Nation Address. (Mainly delivered in English, Quezon mentioned the word kasamas (tenants) in his 1936 State of the Nation Address.)^[10]
First president to celebrate his 60th birthday while in office, turning 60 on August 19, 1938.
First and only president to concurrently serve as mayor, serving as the acting mayor of the newly-established Quezon City in 1939.
First president to have secured a second term in office. (1941)^[11]
First president to concurrently serve as a department secretary (Secretary of National Defense).
First president to die in office.
First president to die outside the Philippines, dying in New York on August 1, 1944.
First president to die before the age of 70 as he died at the age of 65.
First president to meet a US president in the person of Pres. Franklin D. Roosevelt.^[12]
First president to die before his predecessor.
First president to be internationally recognized (Aguinaldo's First Philippine Republic was an unrecognized state).
First president to be buried at the Manila North Cemetery (His remains were later exhumed from the cemetery in 1979 to be transferred to the Quezon Memorial Shrine).

Jose P. Laurel (1943–1945)

First president from Batangas.^[13]
First president to have previously served in the Supreme Court of the Philippines as Associate Justice (1936–1942).
First president to be a father to a vice president and a Speaker of the House of Representatives of the Philippines.
First president to be elected to another government position in his post-presidency upon winning his second term in the Senate in 1951 (he first served in the Senate during the Philippine Commonwealth).
First president whose term in office was first ruled unofficial and was legitimized later. He was recognized as a legitimate Philippine president during the administration of Diosdado Macapagal.^{[ citation needed ]}
First president to be buried outside Metro Manila. He was buried in his hometown of Tanauan, Batangas.

Sergio Osmeña (1944–1946)

First president from Visayas (Cebu).
First president to have previously served as Speaker of the House of Representatives of the Philippines and president pro tempore of the Senate of the Philippines.
First president to have held the position of vice president.
First president to have assumed the presidency upon the death of his predecessor (Manuel L. Quezon).
First president to be sworn in as president overseas (United States).
First president to be defeated in a presidential election in his incumbency (1946).
First and only president who is an illegitimate child.^[14]
First president to have a child who also ran for president (Sergio Osmeña Jr. in the 1969 Philippine presidential election).

Manuel Roxas (1946–1948)

First president from Capiz.
First president to have bolted from his original political party before his presidential election.
First president to die before the age of 60. He died at the age of 56 on April 15, 1948.
First president to have a descendant appointed as Secretary of the Interior and Local Government (Mar Roxas).
First president who is a member of the Liberal Party.
First president to have held three of the highest positions in the government, or the first one to have headed both legislative houses and the executive branch. He was a Senate president and a House Speaker before he became president.
First president to die before more than one predecessors. Upon his death, his living predecessors are Emilio Aguinaldo, Sergio Osmeña and Jose Laurel.

Elpidio Quirino (1948–1953)

First president from Ilocos Sur.
First Ilocano president.
First president to have won a full term in office after completing the rest of his late predecessor's term.
First president to meet the Pope while in office when he met Pope Pius XII on October 9, 1951.
First president to be inaugurated at the Independence Grandstand (now known as Quirino Grandstand).
First president to face an impeachment complaint in 1949 over the alleged usage of government funds in refurbishing the Malacañang Palace and alleged involvement in diamond smuggling.^[15]^[16]
First president to deliver the State of the Nation Address through radio broadcast as he is in hospital confinement at Johns Hopkins Hospital due to medical problems.^[17]
First president to be buried at the Manila South Cemetery (His remains were later exhumed from the cemetery in 2016 to be transferred to Libingan ng mga Bayani).
First president whose remains were cremated. His remains were cremated after exhumation in 2016, 60 years after his death.^[18]

Ramon Magsaysay (1953–1957)

First president from Zambales.
First president to take the oath of office wearing the barong tagalog.^[19]
First president to swear on the Bible on his inauguration.^[20]
First president to be born after the Spanish colonial era.
First president to use a Campaign jingle.
First president born in the 20th century.
First president to die apart from natural causes as he was killed in an aircraft disaster.
First president to die before reaching the age of 50. He died at the age of 49 on March 17, 1957.
First president to have both living parents during his incumbency.
First president to predecease his parents. His father died on January 24, 1969, at the age of 94, while his mother died on May 5, 1981, at the age of 95.

Carlos P. Garcia (1957–1961)

First president from Bohol.
First president to have a vice president from a different political party (Diosdado Macapagal was from the Liberal Party).
First president elected by a plurality of votes rather than a majority.
First and only president to have only one child.
First president who never had a son.
First and only president to concurrently serve as Secretary of Foreign Affairs.
First president to lie in state at the Manila Cathedral.
First president to be buried at Libingan ng mga Bayani.

Diosdado Pangan Macapagal (1961–1965)

First president from Pampanga.
First president to have a child who would later become president when his daughter Gloria assumed the presidency following the resignation of Joseph Estrada in 2001.
First president to legitimize the presidency of a predecessor. Jose Laurel was only recognized as a legitimate president under his administration, some twenty years after.^{[ citation needed ]}

Ferdinand Marcos (1965–1986)

First president from Ilocos Norte.
First and only president to be elected for a second term in the post-war era (1969).^[21]
First and only president to have been prime minister (1978–1981).
First president to meet two Popes while in office, meeting with Popes Paul VI and John Paul II during their respective visits to the country (1970 and 1981).
First president whose spouse would also run for president when his widow Imelda ran during the 1992 elections.
First and only president to hold office for two decades (1965–1986).
First president to switch political parties while in office. Marcos left Nacionalista to become an independent politician during his term in 1972; he would later establish Kilusang Bagong Lipunan in 1978.
First president to have been ousted by popular revolt (People Power Revolution).^[22]
First to face a formal investigation for ill-gotten wealth and graft gained during their term.^[23]^[24]
First president to falsely claim to be a distinguished war hero: Claims were discredited by released CIA documents and further investigations.^[25]^[26]^[27]

Corazon Aquino (1986–1992)

First female president of the Philippines.^[28]
First president to have the presidential oath of office administered by an Associate Justice.^[20]
First president to have not held any previous government position.
First president from Tarlac.
First president who is a member of PDP–Laban.
First president to die in the 21st century.
First president to be buried at Manila Memorial Park – Sucat.

Fidel V. Ramos (1992–1998)

First president to be a non-Catholic.^[29]
First president to be a Protestant.^[30]
First and only military official to hold every rank from Second Lieutenant to Commander-in-Chief.
First and only president from Pangasinan.
First president who is a Christian democrat.
First president who is a member of Lakas–NUCD (later Lakas–CMD until its merger with KAMPI in 2009).
First president to celebrate his 70th birthday while in office. He turned 70 on March 18, 1998, 3 months before the end of his term.
First president to be elected after turning 60. He was elected in 1992 at the age of 64.
First ever president who was a relative of a former president. His second cousin is Ferdinand Marcos who, in his tenure as president, appointed him as chief of Philippine Constabulary and chief of staff of Armed Forces of the Philippines.
First president who finished his term for exact six years under the 1987 Constitution.
First and only president to succumb to COVID-19 complications.
First and only president to receive a state funeral in the 21st century.^[31]

Joseph Ejercito Estrada (1998–2001)

First president that is left-handed.
First president who is a former actor.
First president who was born in Metro Manila.
First and only president who is a member of Pwersa ng Masang Pilipino.
First president to concurrently serve as Secretary of the Interior and Local Government.
First and only president who has undergone an impeachment trial.
First and only president to resign from office.
First president to be elected mayor post-presidency. He served as Mayor of Manila from 2013 to 2019.
First president to have served as Mayor in two cities. (San Juan, 1969–1986 and Manila, 2013–2019)
First president whose wife was elected to the Senate. The former first lady Luisa became senator in 2001.
First president to contract COVID-19. (His fourth successor, Bongbong Marcos, earlier contracted COVID-19 in 2020, two years before being elected president and one year before Estrada contracted the disease.)

Maria Gloria Macapagal Arroyo (2001–2010)

First president born after the Commonwealth.
First president to be born after World War II.
First presidential child (and daughter) to become president. Her father was President Diosdado Macapagal.
First president to be elected and inaugurated in the 21st century following the resignation of Joseph Estrada. She was later elected to a full term in May 2004.
First and only president to have two vice presidents. Her first vice president is Teofisto Guingona whom she appointed months into her presidency, while her second vice president is Noli de Castro who was elected in 2004.
First and only president to take her oath of office outside of Luzon. She had her second presidential inauguration in Cebu in 2004.
First and only president to serve in Congress immediately after leaving office after being elected representative of the Second District of Pampanga.
First president to become house speaker post-presidency in 2018.

Benigno Aquino III (2010–2016)

First and only president to be a bachelor and childless while in office.^[32]
First presidential son to become president. His mother was President Corazon Aquino.
First president to be elected after turning 50. He celebrated his 50th birthday on February 8, 2010, and was elected in May that year.
First president to officially reside at Bahay Pangarap.
First president to deliver the State of the Nation Address entirely in Filipino. (2010)
First president who has served in the 21st century to be deceased.
First president whose remains were cremated before initial burial.

Rodrigo Duterte (2016–2022)

First president from Mindanao (Davao).^[33]
First president to be born in Leyte.
First and only local chief executive (city mayor) to be elected president. (Aguinaldo held an office equivalent to town mayor at the start of the 1896 Revolution, and he was first elected president of a government in 1897, but his officially recognized tenure as the first president began in 1899).
First septuagenarian president. He was elected to the presidency in May 2016 at the age of 71.
First president to have marriage annulled. (Duterte was married to Elizabeth Abellana Zimmerman from 1973 to 2001. His current partner is Cielito “Honeylet” Avanceña).^[34]
First and only president to visit Israel while in office.^[35]
First and only president to not visit the United States while in office.^[36]
First and only president to withdraw bid to run for another government position post-presidency. (2022 Senate election)

Bongbong Marcos (2022-present)

First and only president to win the presidency after losing in a vice presidential election. He lost the vice presidential election in May 2016.
First and only president who is a namesake of a former president. His given name is Ferdinand (with the suffix Jr.), while he is the son of President Ferdinand Marcos. Also the first to have a former president parent with the same gender.
First president to be elected by a majority in a presidential election since the establishment of the Fifth Republic in 1986, the year when his father left the presidency due to People Power Revolution.
First and only president to have a mother witness the inauguration of both her husband and son as president, respectively. His mother Imelda is a former first lady and the wife of President Ferdinand Marcos.
First and only president to be a YouTube vlogger before his election as president.
First and only president who has previously served as a vice governor. He served as vice governor of Ilocos Norte from 1980 to 1983.
First and only president who is a member of Partido Federal ng Pilipinas.
First and only president to concurrently serve as Secretary of Agriculture.
First and only president to attend a coronation of a monarch of the United Kingdom. (Coronation of Charles III and Camilla)
First and only president to set foot at the United States Indo-Pacific Command headquarters in Hawaii.^[37]
First and only president to address the joint session of the Parliament of Australia, and the 17th head of state and government overall, to do so.^[38]^[39]
First and only president to address the Shangri-La Dialogue in Singapore. (as a keynote speaker) ^[40]

Related Research Articles

The president of the Philippines is the head of state, head of government and chief executive of the Philippines. The president leads the executive branch of the Philippine government and is the commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces of the Philippines.

Ferdinand "Bongbong" Romualdez Marcos Jr., commonly referred to by the initials PBBM or BBM, is a Filipino politician who is the 17th and current president of the Philippines. He is the second child and only son of 10th president, kleptocrat and dictator Ferdinand Marcos and former first lady Imelda Marcos.

The Liberal Party of the Philippines abbreviated as the LP, is a liberal political party in the Philippines.

The vice president of the Philippines is the second-highest official in the executive branch of the Philippine government and is the first in the presidential line of succession. The vice president is directly elected by the citizens of the Philippines and is one of only two nationally elected executive officials, the other being the president.

The 1935 Philippine presidential and vice presidential elections were held on September 16, 1935. This was the first election since the enactment of the Tydings–McDuffie Act, a law that paved the way for a transitory government, as well as the first nationwide at-large election ever held in the Philippines.

This list of presidential elections in the Philippines includes election results of both presidential and vice presidential elections since 1899 with the candidates' political party and their corresponding percentage.

The Nacionalista Party is a political party in the Philippines and the oldest in the country and in Southeast Asia. It is responsible for leading the country throughout most of the 20th century since its founding in 1907; it was the ruling party from 1935 to 1946, 1953–1961 and 1965–1978.

The inauguration of the president of the Republic of the Philippines is a ceremony marking the commencement of the six-year term of a president of the Philippines, who is both head of state and head of government. The inauguration is performed on June 30, as mandated by the 1987 Constitution. Under the older 1935 Constitution, the date was December 30, which is also Rizal Day; the last inauguration held on the older date was Ferdinand Marcos' second one on December 30, 1969. The most recent public presidential inauguration ceremony was that of President Bongbong Marcos, who began his six-year term in office on Thursday, June 30, 2022.

The 2016 Philippine presidential and vice presidential elections were held on Monday, May 9, 2016, as part of the 2016 general election. This was the 16th direct presidential election in the Philippines since 1935 and the fifth sextennial presidential election since 1992.

Sara Zimmerman Duterte-Carpio, commonly known as Inday Sara, is a Filipino lawyer and politician who is the 15th and current vice president of the Philippines. She is the third female vice president, the third vice president to come from Mindanao, and the youngest vice president in Philippine history. A daughter of 16th president Rodrigo Duterte, she previously served as the mayor of Davao City from 2016 to 2022, and from 2010 to 2013. She was also Davao City's vice mayor from 2007 to 2010.

The mayor of Davao City is the chief executive of the government of Davao City in Davao Region, Philippines. The mayor leads the city's departments in executing ordinances and delivering public services. The mayorship is a three-year term and each mayor is restricted to three consecutive terms, totalling nine years, although a mayor can be elected again after an interruption of one term.

The Philippine presidential line of succession defines who becomes or acts as president upon the incapacity, death, resignation, or removal from office of a sitting president or a president-elect.

The 2022 Philippine presidential and vice presidential elections were held on May 9, 2022, as part of the 2022 general election. This was the 17th direct presidential election and 16th vice presidential election in the Philippines since 1935, and the sixth sextennial presidential and vice presidential election since 1992.

The inauguration of Bongbong Marcos as the 17th president of the Philippines took place around noon (PHT) on Thursday, June 30, 2022, at the National Museum of Fine Arts. The chief justice of the Supreme Court Alexander Gesmundo administered the oath of office, a first in 18 years, since the previous two presidential oaths were administered by an associate justice.

Victor Dayrit Rodriguez is a Filipino lawyer who served as the Executive Secretary from June to September 2022 in the administration of 17th President Bongbong Marcos, and previously served as Marcos' campaign spokesperson. He was also the executive vice president and general campaign manager of Partido Federal ng Pilipinas during the Marcos 2022 campaign.

Recently, President Ferdinand "Bongbong" Marcos Jr. marked the 52nd anniversary of the declaration of Martial Law in the Philippines, a period that remains highly controversial in the nation's history. In response, numerous Filipinos gathered in protest near Malacañang Palace, expressing their opposition to the Marcos family's legacy and the lasting impact of Martial Law on Filipino society. Tragically, the demonstration escalated into violence, leading to deaths and injuries. The unrest drew stark comparisons to the regime of the current president's father, former President Ferdinand Marcos Sr., whose time in power was also marred by human rights abuses and violent repression during Martial Law. Protests have been mostly conducted by progressive and opposition groups due to the violent and plunderous legacy of the Marcos family during the martial law era and throughout the rule of his father, former President Ferdinand Marcos; unpaid real-estate taxes; alleged electoral fraud during the 2022 presidential elections; instances of fake news and historical distortion; cases of human rights violations such as extra-judicial killings and the continuing war on drugs; and other social issues. Protests against the president have also included grievances against Vice President Sara Duterte as well as seeking of accountability from his predecessor Rodrigo Duterte. Mobilizations have also been held by Filipino-Americans and other solidarity and progressive groups abroad such as in United States, Australia, and Canada.

References

↑ Lapeña, Carmela (August 25, 2013). "The case for Andres Bonifacio as the first Philippine president". GMA News. Retrieved February 22, 2018.
↑ "Basis for Martial Law declaration, against the law – Constitutionalist". UNTV News. May 25, 2017. Retrieved February 22, 2018.
↑ Laquian, Aprodicio A. (December 1975). "Martial Law in the Philippines to Date". Philippine Political Science Journal. 2 (2): 17–23. doi:10.1080/01154451.1975.9753908. ISSN 0115-4451.
↑ "Well-Known Filipino Masons". Mencius Lodge No. 93. Retrieved February 22, 2018.
1 2 Pulumbarit, Veronica (December 17, 2017). "Past PHL presidents: Many were lawyers, one a housewife, another a mechanic". GMA News. Retrieved February 22, 2018.
↑ News, G. M. A. (May 9, 2022). "Who is the youngest Philippine president? Kuya Kim answers". GMA News Online. Retrieved June 20, 2024.{{cite web}}: |last= has generic name (help)
↑ "Emilio Aguinaldo | Biography, Facts, Significance, & Spanish-American War | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved June 18, 2024.
↑ "Manuel Quezon | Biography, Contributions, World War II, & Facts | Britannica". www.britannica.com. May 22, 2024. Retrieved June 18, 2024.
↑ "The presidential Planes". presidential Museum and Library. Retrieved July 15, 2019.
↑ Manuel L. Quezon, Second State of the Nation Address, June 16, 1936 (Speech). Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines . June 16, 1936. Retrieved July 22, 2023.
↑ Times, Ford Welkinswireless To the New York (December 31, 1941). "QUEZON INDUCTED FOR SECOND TERM; President Says Philippines Will Stand by America' Until Victory Is Won ROOSEVELT SENDS THANKS Sayre and MacArthur Hold Unity of Two Peoples in Fight Assures Triumph". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331 . Retrieved June 18, 2024.
↑ "President Roosevelt greets Manuel Quezon". British Pathé. Retrieved June 18, 2024.
↑ "José P. Laurel | Philippine Commonwealth, WWII, Japanese Occupation | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved June 18, 2024.
↑ Magsumbol, Caecent No-ot. "President Sergio Osmeña's father finally known". Philstar.com. Retrieved June 18, 2024.
↑ "Half of Phl's presidents faced impeachment raps". The Philippine Star. July 21, 2014. Retrieved August 27, 2020.
↑ "The History of the Senate of the Philippines". Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines . Retrieved August 27, 2020.
↑ Quodala, Schatzi (July 23, 2013). "Did you know: Quirino delivered Sona from hospital bed". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved July 22, 2023.
↑ Brizuela, Maricar; Dizon, Nikko (March 1, 2016). "Quirino reburied with military honors" . Retrieved August 5, 2022.
↑ "Philippine History: president Ramon F. Magsaysay: Champion of the masses". Yahoo! Philippines. Manila Bulletin.
1 2 Elefante, Fil (June 27, 2016). "Tales of past presidential inaugurations: Superstition and history". Business Mirror. Retrieved March 7, 2018.
↑ Schirmer, Daniel; Shalom, Stephen Rosskamm (1987). The Philippines Reader: A History of Colonialism, Neocolonialism, Dictatorship, and Resistance (illustrated ed.). South End PRess. p. 163. ISBN 9780896082755 . Retrieved February 22, 2018. In 1969,... ...enabled Marcos to become the first Philippine president to be re-elected for a second term
↑ Adams, Vasilia (February 28, 2024). "The Legacy of the EDSA People Power Revolution". Human Rights Foundation. Retrieved June 18, 2024.
↑ Viray, Patricia Lourdes. "Money trail: The Marcos billions | 31 years of amnesia". newslab.philstar.com. Retrieved June 18, 2024.
↑ Files, VERA (March 9, 2024). "VERA FILES FACT CHECK: Marcos falsely claims ill-gotten wealth cases are 'untrue,' 'propaganda'". VERA Files. Retrieved June 18, 2024.
↑ "Imagined heroism | 31 years of amnesia". newslab.philstar.com. Retrieved June 20, 2024.
↑ Gerth, the Following Article Is Based On Reporting By Jeff; Brinkley, Joel; Times, Was Written By Mr Gerth special To the New York (January 23, 1986). "MARCOS'S WARTIME ROLE DISCREDITED IN U.S. FILES". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331 . Retrieved June 20, 2024.
↑ "New Doubts on Marcos' War Role". Washington Post. February 25, 2024. ISSN 0190-8286 . Retrieved June 20, 2024.
↑ McKittrick, David (August 3, 2009). "Cory Aquino: president of the Philippines who brought democracy to the islands". The Independent. Retrieved February 22, 2018.
↑ Allen, John L. (2014). The Catholic Church: What Everyone Needs to Know (revised ed.). Oxford University Press. p. 159. ISBN 9780199379804. Ramos was the first and, to date, the only non-Catholic president of the Philippines
↑ Whitaker, Raymond (August 11, 1994). "Ramos clashes with Church on birth control: A United Nations population conference in Cairo next month promises trouble for the Philippines and Egyptian governments". The Independent. Retrieved February 22, 2018.
↑ Galvez, Daphne (August 3, 2022). "Palace: State funeral for former president Fidel Ramos on Aug. 9". INQUIRER.net. Retrieved August 7, 2022.
↑ "Among 15 presidents, Noynoy holds many 'firsts'". GMA News. June 28, 2010. Retrieved July 15, 2019.
↑ "Profile: Who is president Rodrigo Duterte?". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Inquirer Research. June 29, 2016. Retrieved February 22, 2018.
↑ "Presidency and Vice Presidency by the Numbers: Rodrigo Roa Duterte and Leni Robredo". Presidential Museum and Library. Archived from the original on August 8, 2016.
↑ "Duterte back in PH from visits to Israel, Jordan". ABS-CBN News. September 8, 2018. Retrieved July 15, 2019.
↑ "Duterte says he won't visit US before term ends". RAPPLER. July 26, 2021. Retrieved September 7, 2022.
↑ Bajo, Anna Felicia (November 20, 2023). "Marcos first Philippine president to set foot on US Indo-Pacific Command". GMA Integrated News. Retrieved November 20, 2023.
↑ Flores, Helen (February 25, 2024). "Marcos to visit Australia, address Parliament". The Philippine Star. Archived from the original on February 29, 2024. Retrieved March 10, 2024. He will join the distinguished list of 16 world leaders who have addressed the Australian parliament starting from the late US president George H.W. Bush in 1992, then US president Bill Clinton in 1996, then US president George W. Bush in 2003, then Chinese president Hu Jintao in 2003, then British prime minister Tony Blair in 2006 and Chinese President Xi Jinping in 2014.
↑ "We will not yield – PBBM". Philippine Information Agency. February 29, 2024. Archived from the original on February 29, 2024. Retrieved March 10, 2024.
↑ Royandoyan, Ramon (June 1, 2024). "Philippines' Marcos slams maritime aggression at Shangri-La Dialogue". Nikkei Asia. Archived from the original on June 1, 2024. Retrieved June 11, 2024.

This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.

[1] Lapeña, Carmela (August 25, 2013). "The case for Andres Bonifacio as the first Philippine president". GMA News. Retrieved February 22, 2018.

[2] "Basis for Martial Law declaration, against the law – Constitutionalist". UNTV News. May 25, 2017. Retrieved February 22, 2018.

[3] Laquian, Aprodicio A. (December 1975). "Martial Law in the Philippines to Date". Philippine Political Science Journal. 2 (2): 17–23. doi:10.1080/01154451.1975.9753908. ISSN 0115-4451.

[4] "Well-Known Filipino Masons". Mencius Lodge No. 93. Retrieved February 22, 2018.

[pastphllawyers-5] 1 2 Pulumbarit, Veronica (December 17, 2017). "Past PHL presidents: Many were lawyers, one a housewife, another a mechanic". GMA News. Retrieved February 22, 2018.

[6] News, G. M. A. (May 9, 2022). "Who is the youngest Philippine president? Kuya Kim answers". GMA News Online. Retrieved June 20, 2024.{{cite web}}: |last= has generic name (help)

[7] "Emilio Aguinaldo | Biography, Facts, Significance, & Spanish-American War | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved June 18, 2024.

[8] "Manuel Quezon | Biography, Contributions, World War II, & Facts | Britannica". www.britannica.com. May 22, 2024. Retrieved June 18, 2024.

[9] "The presidential Planes". presidential Museum and Library. Retrieved July 15, 2019.

[10] Manuel L. Quezon, Second State of the Nation Address, June 16, 1936 (Speech). Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines . June 16, 1936. Retrieved July 22, 2023.

[11] Times, Ford Welkinswireless To the New York (December 31, 1941). "QUEZON INDUCTED FOR SECOND TERM; President Says Philippines Will Stand by America' Until Victory Is Won ROOSEVELT SENDS THANKS Sayre and MacArthur Hold Unity of Two Peoples in Fight Assures Triumph". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331 . Retrieved June 18, 2024.

[12] "President Roosevelt greets Manuel Quezon". British Pathé. Retrieved June 18, 2024.

[13] "José P. Laurel | Philippine Commonwealth, WWII, Japanese Occupation | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved June 18, 2024.

[14] Magsumbol, Caecent No-ot. "President Sergio Osmeña's father finally known". Philstar.com. Retrieved June 18, 2024.

[15] "Half of Phl's presidents faced impeachment raps". The Philippine Star. July 21, 2014. Retrieved August 27, 2020.

[16] "The History of the Senate of the Philippines". Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines . Retrieved August 27, 2020.

[17] Quodala, Schatzi (July 23, 2013). "Did you know: Quirino delivered Sona from hospital bed". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved July 22, 2023.

[quirino-18] Brizuela, Maricar; Dizon, Nikko (March 1, 2016). "Quirino reburied with military honors" . Retrieved August 5, 2022.

[magsaysayymb-19] "Philippine History: president Ramon F. Magsaysay: Champion of the masses". Yahoo! Philippines. Manila Bulletin.

[bmelefante-20] 1 2 Elefante, Fil (June 27, 2016). "Tales of past presidential inaugurations: Superstition and history". Business Mirror. Retrieved March 7, 2018.

[21] Schirmer, Daniel; Shalom, Stephen Rosskamm (1987). The Philippines Reader: A History of Colonialism, Neocolonialism, Dictatorship, and Resistance (illustrated ed.). South End PRess. p. 163. ISBN 9780896082755 . Retrieved February 22, 2018. In 1969,... ...enabled Marcos to become the first Philippine president to be re-elected for a second term

[22] Adams, Vasilia (February 28, 2024). "The Legacy of the EDSA People Power Revolution". Human Rights Foundation. Retrieved June 18, 2024.

[23] Viray, Patricia Lourdes. "Money trail: The Marcos billions | 31 years of amnesia". newslab.philstar.com. Retrieved June 18, 2024.

[24] Files, VERA (March 9, 2024). "VERA FILES FACT CHECK: Marcos falsely claims ill-gotten wealth cases are 'untrue,' 'propaganda'". VERA Files. Retrieved June 18, 2024.

[25] "Imagined heroism | 31 years of amnesia". newslab.philstar.com. Retrieved June 20, 2024.

[26] Gerth, the Following Article Is Based On Reporting By Jeff; Brinkley, Joel; Times, Was Written By Mr Gerth special To the New York (January 23, 1986). "MARCOS'S WARTIME ROLE DISCREDITED IN U.S. FILES". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331 . Retrieved June 20, 2024.

[27] "New Doubts on Marcos' War Role". Washington Post. February 25, 2024. ISSN 0190-8286 . Retrieved June 20, 2024.

[28] McKittrick, David (August 3, 2009). "Cory Aquino: president of the Philippines who brought democracy to the islands". The Independent. Retrieved February 22, 2018.

[29] Allen, John L. (2014). The Catholic Church: What Everyone Needs to Know (revised ed.). Oxford University Press. p. 159. ISBN 9780199379804. Ramos was the first and, to date, the only non-Catholic president of the Philippines

[30] Whitaker, Raymond (August 11, 1994). "Ramos clashes with Church on birth control: A United Nations population conference in Cairo next month promises trouble for the Philippines and Egyptian governments". The Independent. Retrieved February 22, 2018.

[31] Galvez, Daphne (August 3, 2022). "Palace: State funeral for former president Fidel Ramos on Aug. 9". INQUIRER.net. Retrieved August 7, 2022.

[32] "Among 15 presidents, Noynoy holds many 'firsts'". GMA News. June 28, 2010. Retrieved July 15, 2019.

[33] "Profile: Who is president Rodrigo Duterte?". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Inquirer Research. June 29, 2016. Retrieved February 22, 2018.

[34] "Presidency and Vice Presidency by the Numbers: Rodrigo Roa Duterte and Leni Robredo". Presidential Museum and Library. Archived from the original on August 8, 2016.

[35] "Duterte back in PH from visits to Israel, Jordan". ABS-CBN News. September 8, 2018. Retrieved July 15, 2019.

[36] "Duterte says he won't visit US before term ends". RAPPLER. July 26, 2021. Retrieved September 7, 2022.

[37] Bajo, Anna Felicia (November 20, 2023). "Marcos first Philippine president to set foot on US Indo-Pacific Command". GMA Integrated News. Retrieved November 20, 2023.

[38] Flores, Helen (February 25, 2024). "Marcos to visit Australia, address Parliament". The Philippine Star. Archived from the original on February 29, 2024. Retrieved March 10, 2024. He will join the distinguished list of 16 world leaders who have addressed the Australian parliament starting from the late US president George H.W. Bush in 1992, then US president Bill Clinton in 1996, then US president George W. Bush in 2003, then Chinese president Hu Jintao in 2003, then British prime minister Tony Blair in 2006 and Chinese President Xi Jinping in 2014.

[39] "We will not yield – PBBM". Philippine Information Agency. February 29, 2024. Archived from the original on February 29, 2024. Retrieved March 10, 2024.

[40] Royandoyan, Ramon (June 1, 2024). "Philippines' Marcos slams maritime aggression at Shangri-La Dialogue". Nikkei Asia. Archived from the original on June 1, 2024. Retrieved June 11, 2024.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]

[16]

[17]

[18]

[19]

[20]

[21]

[22]

[23]

[24]

[25]

[26]

[27]

[28]

[29]

[30]

[31]

[32]

[33]

[34]

[35]

[36]

[37]

[38]

[39]

[40]