| Tetraloniella dentata | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Tetraloniella dentata, Neusiedl am See, Burgenland, Austria, June 2021 | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hymenoptera |
| Family: | Apidae |
| Genus: | Tetraloniella |
| Species: | T. dentata |
| Binomial name | |
| Tetraloniella dentata (Germar, 1839) | |
Tetraloniella dentata (also called dentate longhorn) is a species of bees within the genus Tetraloniella. [1] [2] [3]
This species measures from 12 to 14 mm. The males are similar to the females, but have significantly longer antennae. The clypeus is yellow. Females have rust-red hair on the mesonotum. The edge of the tergite is wide, smooth and shiny. [4]
Tetraloniella dentata occurs in North Africa from Morocco to Tunisia. In Eurasia it occurs from Portugal via southern and central Europe, Asia Minor, Levant and Caucasus to Central Asia; north to the Baltic States, in Russia to Kirov and Perm; south to Sicily, Greece, Israel and Northern Iran. In North Africa in the ssp. atlantis (TKALCU, 1998) occurs and in Sardinia in the ssp. amseli (ALFKEN, 1938). Pakistan hosts the ssp. macrozona COCKERELL, described in 1922, from Mongolia the ssp. extrema (TKALCU, 1998) has been described. In Germany this species is currently only recorded from Brandenburg, historically from Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Saxony-Anhalt, Hesse and Thuringia. [5] In Germany the species used to be distributed further south, but there it has disappeared and can only be found in the northeast German lowlands. It is very rare here. [4] It is also reported from Austria from Burgenland and Lower Austria. Currently it is found in Switzerland from Valais and historical it was reported from Ticino and Misox. [5]
The species is found in dry and warm locations, vineyards, fallow and ruderal areas, sand and clay pits, steep banks. From the lowlands to the montane elevation. [5] In Germany this species can be found in the large sandy areas north of the low mountain range, e.g. in the Döberitzer Heide. There it uses sandy, dry and warm ruderal spots, where it creates nests on, among other things, south-facing embankments with a sandy subsoil. [4]
Tetraloniella dentata is an univoltine species. It flies from July to September. It is an oligolectic species specializing in Asteraceae, especially Cardueae. Pollen sources are mainly Centaurea stoebe , but also Centaurea scabiosa, Carduus acanthoides and Onopordum acanthium . [4]
Tetraloniella dentata nests in self-dug cavities in the earth. Nests are in bare or sparsely overgrown soil, flat to sloping surfaces in self-dug corridors. The nest structure is similar to that of Eucera macroglossa . The brood cells are at a depth of 12 cm and more. [4] The nest entrance is surrounded by a tumulus. The nest consists of a usually branched main passage. The preferred substrate is sand, loess or loess clay, which can also be compacted. [5]
Ammobates vinctus and Triepeolus tristis are given as cuckoo bees. [5]
From Latin "dentata" = "toothed, with teeth"; the tergites 5 and 6 of the males each have a tooth-like extension on the side. [5]
Subgenus Tetraloniella ASHMEAD, 1899. [5]
Synonyms: Tetralonia dentata (GERMAR, 1839); Eucera dentata GERMAR, 1839. [5]
The Eucerini are the most diverse tribe in the family Apidae, with over 32 genera worldwide that were previously classified as members of the family Anthophoridae. All species are solitary, though many nest in large aggregations, and large "sleeping" aggregations of males are found occasionally. Most genera are distinctive in the unusually long male antennae from which the tribe derives its name. They are most diverse in the Western Hemisphere.
Sphecodes albilabris is a solitary parasitic bee that is endemic to Central and Western Europe. It also occurs in North Africa and is thought to have been introduced to the United States and Australia by accident.
Osmia cornuta, the European orchard bee, is a species of bee in the genus Osmia.
Andrena marginata, sometimes called the small scabious mining bee is a species of the sand bee (Andrena) genus.
Andrena hattorfiana is a species of mining bees belonging to the family Andrenidae subfamily Andreninae.
Eucera is a genus of bees in the family Apidae, which comprises more than 100 species. These bees are commonly known as long-horned bees due to their characteristically long antennae, especially in males. Eucera species can be found in diverse habitats, including meadows, fields, and urban gardens, primarily in the Palearctic and Nearctic regions, covering parts of Europe, Asia, North Africa, and North America.
Cerceris rybyensis, the ornate tailed digger wasp, is a Palearctic species of solitary wasp from the family Crabronidae which specialised in hunting small to medium-sized mining bees. It is the type species of the genus Cerceris and was named as Sphex rybyensis by Carl Linnaeus in 1771.
The Clark's miner bee is a species of miner bee in the family Andrenidae. Other common names include Clark's andrena and Clarke's mining bee. It is found in Europe and Northern Asia and North America.
Hylaeus communis is a Palearctic species of solitary bee.
Osmia aurulenta is a Palearctic species of mason bee.
Tetralonia malvae, also known as the Mallow longhorn, is a species of insect belonging to the family Apidae. The bee takes pollen from oligolectic sources on the mallow family (Malvaceae).
Bombus semenoviellus is a species of insect belonging to the family Apidae.
Camptopoeum friesei is a species of bees of the genus Camptopoeum.
Anthophora bimaculata is a species of bee.
Hoplitis mocsaryi is a species of bees in the genus Hoplitis.
Coelioxys polycentris is a species of leaf-cutting cuckoo bee native to Europe and the Near East.
Osmia spinulosa, also known as the spined mason bee, is a species of bees within the genus Osmia.
Trachusa byssina is a species of bees within the genus Trachusa.